Manbazar I

2026-02-04T21:12:22Z

112.209.121.91:

{{Infobox settlement
| name = Manbazar I
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Community development block
| image_skyline = File:Manbazar-I in Purulia (West Bengal).svg
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map =
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in West Bengal, India
| coordinates = {{coord|23.0615|N|86.6642|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Purulia district|Purulia]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = [[Community development blocks in India|Community development block]]
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 381.32
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 236
| population_total = 154,071
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[Santali language|Santali]], [[English language|English]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 723131 (Manbazar)
|area_code_type = Telephone/[[Subscriber trunk dialing|STD]] code
|area_code = 03253
|registration_plate = [[List of RTO districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-80, [[List of RTO districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-56
| blank1_name_sec1 = Literacy
| blank1_info_sec1 = 63.78%
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Purulia (Lok Sabha constituency)|Purulia]]
| blank3_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank3_info_sec1 = [[Manbazar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Manbazar]]
| website = {{URL|purulia.gov.in/}}
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-WB]]
| footnotes =
}}

'''Manbazar I''' is a [[Community development blocks in India|community development block (CD block)]] that forms an administrative division in the [[Manbazar subdivision]] of the [[Purulia district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]].

==History==
===Background===
The ''Jaina Bhagavati-Sutra'' of the 5th century AD mentions that Purulia was one of the sixteen mahajanapadas and was a part of the kingdom known as Vajra-bhumi in ancient times. In 1833, Manbhum district was carved out of the [[Jungle Mahals]] district, with headquarters at Manbazar. In 1838, the headquarters was transferred to [[Purulia]]. After independence, when Manbhum district was a part of [[Bihar]], efforts were made to impose Hindi on the Bengali-speaking majority of the district and it led to the [[Bengali Language Movement (Manbhum)]]. In 1956, the Manbhum district was partitioned between Bihar and West Bengal under the States Reorganization Act and the Bihar and West Bengal (Transfer of Territories) Act 1956.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://purulia.gov.in/district_profile/dist_profile.html |title=Historical background |access-date=2008-03-02
|publisher=Purulia District |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080103032840/http://purulia.gov.in/district_profile/dist_profile.html |archive-date=2008-01-03 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.purulia.nic.in/distAdmin/departments/dico/bhasa_andolon.html| title = Historical Event: Bhasa Andolan|work= Department of Information and Cultural Affairs| publisher = Purulia.nic.in |access-date = 4 February 2020}}</ref>

===Maoist activities===
Manbazar, along with certain other areas such as [[Banduan]], [[Jhalda]], and [[Jaipur, Purulia|Jaipur]] were part of the area of violent activities by the [[Communist Party of India (Maoist)|Maoists]], also referred to as [[Naxalites]].<ref name = "PTI" >{{cite web
| url = http://www.ibnlive.com/news/security-tightened-before-bengal-polls/6784-4.html
| title = Security tightened before Bengal polls | access-date = 2008-03-02 | work = PTI | publisher = IBN Live}}</ref><ref name = "UNI">{{cite web| url = http://www.oneindia.com/2007/03/20/maoists-observe-24-hr-bandh-in-five-states-1174448190.html | title = Maoists observe 24-hr bandh in five states| access-date = 2008-03-02 | work = UNI | publisher = newsoneindia}}</ref><ref name = "Statesman1">{{cite web
| url = http://www.thestatesman.net/page.arcview.php?clid=22&id=166326&usrsess=1 | title = Purulia alert after land-mine blasts | access-date = 2008-03-02 | publisher = The Statesman, 4 December 2006}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref><ref name = "Telegraph1">{{cite web | url = http://www.telegraphindia.com/1060309/asp/siliguri/story_5945096.asp| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110525205043/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1060309/asp/siliguri/story_5945096.asp| url-status = dead| archive-date = May 25, 2011| title = Terror shield for CPM | access-date = 2008-03-02 | last = Jana | first = Naresh | publisher = The Telegraph, 9 March 2006}}</ref>

===Red corridor===
106 districts spanning 10 states across India, described as being part of the [[Far-left politics|left wing extremism]] activities, constitutes the [[Red corridor]]. In West Bengal the districts of Paschim Medinipur, Bankura, Purulia and Birbhum are part of the Red corridor. However, as of July 2016, there had been no reported incidents of [[Communist Party of India (Maoist)|Maoist]] related activities from these districts for the previous 4 years.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/red-corridor-to-be-redrawn/article8894304.ece |title = Red Corridor to be redrawn |last = Singh|first= Vijayita | publisher= The Hindu, 25 July 2016 | access-date = 29 August 2016}}</ref>

The CPI (Maoist) extremism affected CD blocks in the Purulia district were: Jhalda I, Jhalda II, Arsha, Baghmundi, Balarampur, Barabazar, Manbazar II and Bandwan.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.ideasforindia.in/Article.aspx?article_id=118 | title = IAP improving lives in Maoist-affected areas | publisher = Ideas for India | access-date = 26 September 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161002064338/http://www.ideasforindia.in/Article.aspx?article_id=118 | archive-date = 2 October 2016 | url-status = dead }}</ref> Certain reports also included the Manbazar I and Joypur CD blocks and some times indicted the whole of Purulia district.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.oneindia.com/2007/03/20/maoists-observe-24-hr-bandh-in-five-states-1174448190.html |title = Maoists observe 24 hr bandh in five states | publisher= UNI, One India | access-date = 26 September 2016}}</ref>

The [[Operation Lalgarh|Lalgarh movement]], which started attracting attention after the failed assassination attempt on [[Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee]], then chief minister of West Bengal, in the Salboni area of the Paschim Medinipur district, on 2 November 2008 and the police action that followed, had also spread over to these areas.<ref name=lalgarh>{{Cite news| url = http://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl2614/stories/20090717261412900.htm | title = Lalgarh Battle |magazine = Frontline|date= 17 July 2009 |access-date = 23 July 2016}}</ref> The movement was not just a political struggle but an armed struggle that concurrently took the look of a social struggle. A large number of CPI (M) activists were killed. Although the epi-centre of the movement was Lalgarh, it was spread across 19 police stations in three adjoining districts – Paschim Medinipur, Bankura and Purulia, all thickly forested and near the border with Jharkhand. The deployment of [[Central Reserve Police Force|CRPF]] and other forces started on 11 June 2009. The movement came to an end after the [[2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2011 state assembly elections]] and change of government in West Bengal. The death of [[Kishenji]], the [[Communist Party of India (Maoist)|Maoist]] commander, on 24 November 2011, was the last major landmark.<ref name=lalgarh/><ref>{{Cite news| url = http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kishenjis-death-a-serious-blow-to-maoist-movement/article2657105.ece| title = Kishenji's death a serious blow to Maoist movement |newspaper = The Hindu|date= 25 November 2011|access-date = 23 July 2016}}</ref>

==Geography==
[[File:Purulia Tehsil Map.svg|thumb|450px|left|'''CD blocks in Purulia district''']]
Manbazar is located at {{coord|23.0615|N|86.6642|E|format=dms|}}.

The Manbazar I CD block is located in the eastern part of the district. The [[Kangsabati River]] flows through the CD block in to the [[Kangsabati Project|Kangsabati Reservoir]]. The lower Kangsabati basin has degraded lowlands.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1914_PART_A_DCHB_PURULIYA.pdf |title = District Census Handbook Puruliya |work = pages 11,12 | publisher= Directorate of Census Operations West Bengal | access-date = 6 December 2016}}</ref>

The Manbazar I CD block is bounded by the [[Puncha (community development block)|Puncha]] CD block on the north, the [[Hirbandh (community development block)|Hirbandh]] CD block, in the Bankura district, on the east, the [[Manbazar II]] CD block on the south and the [[Barabazar (community development block)|Barabazar]] CD block on the west.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://purulia.gov.in/distAdmin/blocks/blocks.html |title = Purulia district |work = Blocks in Purulia district | publisher= Purulia district administration | access-date = 14 September 2016}}</ref>

The Manbazar I CD block has an area of 381.32 km2. It has 1 [[Panchayat Samiti (Block)|panchayat samity]], 10 [[gram panchayat]]s, 114 gram sansads, 244 [[mouza]]s, 219 inhabited villages and one census town. [[Manbazar#Police station|Manbazar]], [[Kenda, Purulia#Police station|Kenda]] (partly) and [[Puncha, Purulia#Police station|Puncha]] (partly) police stations serve this CD block.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Purulia |work = Tables 2.1, 2.2 |publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal |access-date = 12 January 2020 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |archive-date = 21 January 2019 |url-status = dead }}</ref> Headquarters of this CD block are at [[Manbazar]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1914_PART_A_DCHB_PURULIYA.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Puruliya | work= Map of District Puruliya with CD Block HQs and Police Stations (on the fifth page) |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 2 December 2016 }}</ref>

The [[Kangsabati Project]] has submerged large areas of the Purulia district in the Manbazar area.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.calcuttaweb.com/maps/purulia.shtml
|title=Map of Purulia District
|access-date=2008-03-02
|publisher=calcuttaweb
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080226144618/http://www.calcuttaweb.com/maps/purulia.shtml
|archive-date=2008-02-26
}}</ref>

[[Gram panchayat]]s of the Manbazar I CD block/ [[panchayat samiti]] are: Baramasya-Ramnagar, Bamni-Majhihira, Bhalubasa, Bisri, Chandra-Pairachali, Dhanara, Gopalnagar, Jitujuri, Kamta-Jangidiri and Manbazar.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://wbprd.gov.in/HtmlPage/PANCHAYATS.aspx |title = Directory of District, Subdivision, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal |work = Paschim Medinipur - Revised in March 2008 | publisher= Panchayats and Rural Development Department, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 28 September 2016}}</ref>

==Demographics==
===Population===
According to the [[2011 Census of India]] the Manbazar I CD block had a total population of 154,071, of which 144,550 were rural and 9,521 were urban. There were 78,039 (51%) males and 76,032 (49%) females. There were 19,777 persons in the age range of 0 to 6 years. The [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Castes]] numbered 34,575 (22.44%) and the [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Tribes]] numbered 33,942 (22.03%).<ref name=census2011>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/cdb_pca_census/Houselisting-housing-WB.html |title = C.D. block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA) | work= 2011 census: West Bengal – District-wise CD blocks|publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 12 September 2016}}</ref>

According to the 2001 census, the Manbazar I CD block had a total population of 127,609, out of which 64,310 were males and 63,299 were females. The Manbazar I CD block registered a population growth of 8.56 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for the Purulia district was 13.96 per cent.<ref name=census>{{cite web | url = http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_14.htm | title = Provisional population totals, West Bengal, Table 4, Puruliya District | access-date = 12 September 2016 | work = Census of India 2001 | publisher = Census Commission of India|url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110928205850/http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_14.htm|archive-date= 28 September 2011}}</ref> Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm |title=Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4 |access-date= 17 July 2016 |work=Census of India 2001 |publisher=Census Commission of India |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927041813/http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 }}</ref>

[[Census Town]]s in the Manbazar I CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): [[Manbazar]] (9,521).<ref name=census2011/>

Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in the Manbazar I CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Jitujori (4,339).<ref name=census2011/>

Other villages in the Manbazar I CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): [[Kenda, Purulia|Kenda]] (3,803), Bhalubasa (2,789), Bamni (2,481), Majhihira (2,104), Jangidiri (1,151), Kamta (1,783), Chandra (1,172), Payrachali (1,668), Barmesya (1,169) and Ramnagar (1,103).<ref name=census2011/>

===Literacy===
According to the 2011 census the total number of literate persons in the Manbazar I CD block was 85,654 (63.78% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 52,481 (77.35% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 32,813 (49.38%) of the female population over 6 years). The [[Literacy#Gender disparities|gender disparity]] (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 27.97%.<ref name=census2011/>

See also – [[List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate]]

{{Literacy in CD Blocks of Purulia district|collapsible=y}}

===Language and religion===

{{bar box
|title=Religion in Manbazar I CD block (2011)<ref name="religion"/>
|titlebar=#FCD116
|left1=
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in West Bengal|Hinduism]]|darkorange|85.62}}
{{bar percent|Other (tribal religion)|maroon|10.99}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam in West Bengal|Islam]]|green|3.06}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.33}}
}}

In the 2011 census Hindus numbered 131,921 and formed 85.62% of the population in the Manbazar I CD block. Muslims numbered 4,719 and formed 3.06% of the population. Others numbered 17,431 and formed 11.31% of the population.<ref name="religion">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11396/download/14509/DDW19C-01%20MDDS.XLS |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref> Others include Addi Bassi, Marang Boro, Santal, Saranath, Sari Dharma, Sarna, Alchchi, Bidin, Sant, Saevdharm, Seran, Saran, Sarin, Kheria,<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/SCST-Series/ST14A.html |title = ST-14 A Details Of Religions Shown Under 'Other Religions And Persuasions' In Main Table | work= West Bengal |publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 28 September 2016}}</ref> and other religious communities. In 2001, Hindus were 86.08%, Muslims 2.89% and tribal religions 10.95% of the population respectively.<ref name=censusreligion2001>{{cite web| url = https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/21481/download/24613/PC01_C01_19.xls|title = Table C01 Population by Religious Community: West Bengal |publisher = [[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]] |date=2001}}</ref>

{{Pie chart
|caption = Languages of Manbazar I CD block (2011)<ref name="languages"/>
|label1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]] |value1 = 87.47 |color1 = orchid
|label2 = [[Santali language|Santali]] |value2 = 12.26 |color2 = darkturquoise
|label3 = Others |value3 = 0.27 |color3 = grey
}}

At the time of the 2011 census, 87.47% of the population spoke [[Bengali language|Bengali]] and 12.26% [[Santali language|Santali]] as their first language.<ref name="languages">{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10226/download/13338/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1900.XLSX |website=www.censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

==Rural Poverty==
According to the Rural Household Survey in 2005, 32.85% of total number of families were [[Below Poverty Line|BPL]] families in Purulia district.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://220.225.90.38/Summary/WestBengal.htm| title = West Bengal Summary| work = Rural Household Survey 2005| publisher = Department of Panchayat & Rural Development, Government of West Bengal| access-date = 11 January 2020| archive-date = 13 January 2020| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200113235534/http://220.225.90.38/Summary/WestBengal.htm| url-status = dead}}</ref> According to a World Bank report, as of 2012, 31-38% of the population in Purulia, Murshidabad and Uttar Dinajpur districts were below poverty level, the highest among the districts of West Bengal, which had an average 20% of the population below poverty line.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/315791504252302097/pdf/119344-BRI-P157572-West-Bengal-Poverty.pdf| title = West Bengal: Poverty, Growth and Inequality| publisher = World Bank Group|access-date = 11 January 2020}}</ref>

==Economy==
===Livelihood===
{{Pie chart
|caption= '''Livelihood in Manbazar I CD block'''
|value1 = 18.83
|label1 = Cultivators
|value2 = 59.08
|label2 = Agricultural labourers
|value3 = 2.88
|label3 = Household industries
|value4 = 19.21
|label4 = Other Workers}}

In the Manbazar I CD block in 2011, among the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 13,914 and formed 18.83%, agricultural labourers numbered 43,646 and formed 59.08%, household industry workers numbered 2,125 and formed 2.88% and other workers numbered 14,191 and formed 19.21%.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1914_PART_A_DCHB_PURULIYA.pdf|title = District Census Handbook Puruliya, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A |work = Table 33: Distribution of Workers by Sex in Four Categories of Economic Activity in Sub-district 2011 | publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| access-date = 12 January 2020}}</ref> Total workers numbered 73,876 and formed 47.95% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 80,195 and formed 52.05% of the population.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1914_PART_A_DCHB_PURULIYA.pdf|title = District Census Handbook Puruliya, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A |work = Table 30: Number and percentage of Main workers, Marginal workers and Non workers by Sex, in Sub-districts, 2011 | publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| access-date = 12 January 2020}}</ref>

Note: In the census records a person is considered a cultivator, if the person is engaged in cultivation/ supervision of land owned by self/government/institution. When a person who works on another person's land for wages in cash or kind or share, is regarded as an agricultural labourer. Household industry is defined as an industry conducted by one or more members of the family within the household or village, and one that does not qualify for registration as a factory under the [[Factories Act,1948, India|Factories Act]]. Other workers are persons engaged in some economic activity other than cultivators, agricultural labourers and household workers. It includes factory, mining, plantation, transport and office workers, those engaged in business and commerce, teachers, entertainment artistes and so on.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1914_PART_A_DCHB_PURULIYA.pdf|title = District Census Handbook Puruliya, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A |work = Census Concepts and Definitions, Page 23 | publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| access-date = 12 January 2020}}</ref>

===Infrastructure===
There are 219 inhabited villages in the Manbazar I CD block, as per the ''District Census Handbook'', Puruliya, 2011. 100% villages have power supply. 218 villages (99.54%) have drinking water supply. 27 villages (12.33%) have post offices. 175 villages (79.91%) have telephones (including landlines, public call offices and mobile phones). 60 villages (27.54%) have pucca (paved) approach roads and 55 villages (25.11%) have transport communication (includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways). 4 villages (1.83%) have agricultural credit societies and 9 villages (4.11%) have banks.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1914_PART_A_DCHB_PURULIYA.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Puruliya, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work = Page 79, Table 36: Distribution of villages according to availability of different amenities, 2011 | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. | access-date = 13 January 2020}}</ref>

===Agriculture===
In 2013–14, persons engaged in agriculture in the Manbazar I CD block could be classified as follows: [[bargadar]]s 0.25%, patta (document) holders 3.78%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 6.16%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 30.46% and agricultural labourers 59.35%.<ref name=handbook2014>{{cite web | url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Purulia | work = Tables 8.2, 17.2, 18.2, 18.1, 20.1, 21.2, 4.4, 3.1, 3.3 – arranged as per use | publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 12 January 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | archive-date = 21 January 2019 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

In 2013–14, the total area irrigated in the Manbazar I CD block was 7,475.94 hectares, out of which 6,570.72 hectares were by tank water, 40.92 hectares by river lift irrigation, 213.60 hectares by open dug wells and 651.00 hectares by other means.<ref name=handbook2014/>

In 2013–14, the Manbazar I CD block produced 3,542 tonnes of [[Rice#Ecotypes and cultivars|Aman paddy]], the main winter crop, from 1,740 hectares, 268 tonnes of wheat from 137 hectares, 346 tonnes of maize from 194 hectares and 6,111 tonnes of potato from 217 hectares. It also produced mustard and [[sesame|til]].<ref name=handbook2014/>

===Banking===
In 2018–19, the Manbazar I CD block had offices of 3 commercial banks and 4 [[Regional Rural Bank|gramin banks]].<ref name=handbook2014/>

===Backward Regions Grant Fund===
The Purulia district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from the [[Backward Regions Grant Fund]]. The fund, created by the Government of India, is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts across the country were listed under this scheme. The list includes 11 districts of West Bengal.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.panchayat.gov.in/documents/10198/0/BRGFFINALGUIDELINES.pdf | title = Backward Regions Grant Funds: Programme Guidelines | publisher = Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India | access-date = 12 January 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171030225317/http://www.panchayat.gov.in/documents/10198/0/BRGFFINALGUIDELINES.pdf | archive-date = 30 October 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=84879 | title= Backward Regions Grant Fund| work= Press Release, 14 June 2012 |publisher= Press Information Bureau, Government of India | access-date = 12 January 2020}}</ref>

==Transport==
In 2013–14, the Manbazar I CD block had 1 ferry service, 6 originating/ terminating bus routes. The nearest railway station was 55 km from the CD block headquarters.<ref name=handbook2014/>

The [[State Highway 4 (West Bengal)|State Highway 4]] running from Jhalda (in the Purulia district) to Digha (in the Purba Medinipur district) and the [[State Highway 5 (West Bengal)|State Highway 5]] running from Rupnarayanpur (in the Bardhaman district) to Junput (in the Purba Medinipur district) pass through this block.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.wbtrafficpolice.com/state-highways.php |title = List of State Highways in West Bengal| publisher= West Bengal Traffic Police | access-date = 21 September 2016}}</ref>

==Education==
In 2013–14, the Manbazar I CD block had 197 primary schools with 14,017 students, 22 middle schools with 978 students, 3 high schools with 1,289 students and 14 higher secondary schools with 15,248 students. Manbazar I CD Block had 1 general college with 1,855 students, 1 professional/ technical institution with 94 students and 273 institutions with 8,925 students for special and non-formal education.<ref name=handbook2014/>

See also – [[Education in India]]

According to the 2011 census, in Manbazar I CD block, amongst the 219 inhabited villages, 48 villages did not have a school, 40 villages had two or more primary schools, 31 villages had at least 1 primary and 1 middle school and 16 villages had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary school.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1914_PART_A_DCHB_PURULIYA.pdf| title = District Census Handbook, Puruliya, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work = Page 976-77, Appendix I A: Villages by number of Primary Schools and Appendix I B: Villages by Primary, Middle and Secondary Schools | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. | access-date = 18 January 2020}}</ref>

[[Manbhum Mahavidyalaya]] was established in 1986 at [[Manbazar]].<ref>{{cite web| url = https://manbhummv.ac.in/ |title = Manbhum Mahavidyalaya |publisher= MM | access-date = 23 September 2023 }}</ref>

==Culture==
The ruins of a 12th/13th century Buudheswara [[Shiva]] and other temples lie at [[Budhpur, Purulia|Budhpur]], under Manbazar police station, {{convert|6|km|abbr=on}} north of Manbazar town on the road to [[Hura, Purulia|Hura]], on the north bank of the [[Kangsabati River]] (locally known as Kasai).<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.purulia.gov.in/tourntravel/tour_archeo.html | title = Purulia.nic.in | work= Travel & Tourism: Purulia - Budhpur |publisher = District officials|access-date = 28 January 2020}}</ref>

==Healthcare==
In 2014, the Manbazar I CD block had 1 rural hospital and 2 primary health centres, with total 54 beds and 9 doctors. 8,695 patients were treated indoor and 243,730 patients were treated outdoor in the health centres and subcentres of the CD block.<ref name=handbook2014/>

Manbazar Rural Hospital, with 40 beds at [[Manbazar]], is the major Government medical facility in the Manbazar I CD block. There are [[Primary Health Centre (India)|primary health centres]] at Kuda (PO Mohara) (with 4 beds) and Pairachali (with 10 beds).<ref>{{cite web | url =https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/RH.pdf | title =Health & Family Welfare Department | work =Health Statistics – Rural Hospitals | publisher =Government of West Bengal | access-date =18 January 2020 | archive-date =8 October 2022 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20221008143352/https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/RH.pdf | url-status =dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/PHC.pdf | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work = Health Statistics – Primary Health Centres | publisher = Government of West Bengal | access-date = 18 January 2020 | archive-date = 21 April 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180421215645/https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/PHC.pdf | url-status = dead }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|3}}

{{Municipalities of West Bengal}}
{{Purulia topics}}

[[Category:Community development blocks in Purulia district]]

IndianPedia - User contributions [en]

Manbazar I