Ballygunge

2021-06-04T08:57:03Z

115.124.42.47:

{{More citations needed|date=March 2018}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement



|name = Ballygunge 
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|settlement_type = Neighbourhood in Kolkata (Calcutta) 
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|image_skyline = File:Ballygunge skyline (1).jpg
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|image_caption = Ballygunge Circular Road
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|pushpin_map = India Kolkata
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|pushpin_map_caption = Location in Kolkata
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|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = India
|subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]]
|subdivision_type2 = City
|subdivision_name2 = [[Kolkata]]
|subdivision_type3 = [[List of districts of West Bengal|District]]
|subdivision_name3 = [[Kolkata district|Kolkata]]
|subdivision_type4 = [[Kolkata Suburban Railway#Sealdah South Section|Kolkata Suburban Railway]]
|subdivision_name4 = {{rws|Ballygunge Junction}}
|subdivision_type5 = [[Kolkata Metro|Metro Station]]
|subdivision_name5 = [[Jatin Das Park metro station|Jatin Das Park]], [[Kalighat metro station|Kalighat]], [[VIP Bazaar metro station|VIP Bazaar]](under construction) and [[Hemanta Mukherjee metro station|Hemanta Mukherjee]](under construction)
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|seat_type = [[Municipal Corporation]]
|seat = [[Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
|parts_type = [[Kolkata Municipal Corporation|KMC]] wards
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|parts = [[Ward No. 65, Kolkata Municipal Corporation|65]], [[Ward No. 68, Kolkata Municipal Corporation|68]], [[Ward No. 69, Kolkata Municipal Corporation|69]], [[Ward No. 85, Kolkata Municipal Corporation|85]], [[Ward No. 86, Kolkata Municipal Corporation|86]], [[Ward No. 90, Kolkata Municipal Corporation|90]]
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|population_total = For population see linked KMC ward pages
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|timezone = IST
|utc_offset = +5:30
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|coordinates = {{coord|22.529|N|88.362|E|region:IN-WB|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code_type = PIN
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|area_code = +91 33
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Kolkata Dakshin (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kolkata Dakshin]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Ballygunge (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Ballygunge]], [[Rashbehari (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Rashbehari]]
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}}
'''Ballygunge''' is a locality of [[South Kolkata]], Kolkata.

==History==
The [[East India Company]] obtained from the [[Mughal emperors|Mughal emperor]] [[Farrukhsiyar]], in 1717, the right to rent from 38 villages surrounding their settlement. Of these 5 lay across the [[Hooghly River|Hooghly]] in what is now Howrah district. The remaining 33 villages were on the Calcutta side. After the fall of [[Siraj-ud-daulah]], the last independent [[Nawab of Bengal]], it purchased these villages in 1758 from [[Mir Jafar]], and reorganised them. These villages were known en-bloc as ''[[Dihi Panchannagram]]'' and Ballygunge was one of them. It was considered to be a suburb beyond the limits of the [[Maratha Ditch]]. Beltala was a village in Dihi Mohanpur (later Monoharpukur).<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1916_PART_A_DCHB_KOLKATA.pdf |title = District Census Handbook Kolkata, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A |work = Pages 6-10: The History | publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| access-date = 20 February 2018}}</ref><ref>Cotton, H.E.A., ''Calcutta Old and New'', first published 1909/reprint 1980, pages 103-4 and 221, General Printers and Publishers Pvt. Ltd.</ref><ref>Nair, P.Thankappan, ''The Growth and Development of Old Calcutta'', in ''Calcutta, the Living City'', Vol. I, pp. 14-15, Edited by Sukanta Chaudhuri, Oxford University Press, 1995 edition.</ref>

Ballygunge grew up around a market for sand (''bali'' in Bengali) and had garden-houses of 18th century Europeans. Amongst the prominent residents were [[George Mandeville]], the zamindar/ collector, and [[Colonel Gilbert Ironside]], a friend of [[Warren Hastings]]. In 1840, [[Emily Eden]] called Ballugunge 'our [[Eltham]] or [[Lewisham]]'. It also emerged as a citadel of the educated Bengali middle class after the suburban railway opened up the area.<ref name="thana">Nair, P.Thankappan, ''The Growth and Development of Old Calcutta'', in ''Calcutta, the Living City'', Vol. I, pp. 15-20, Edited by Sukanta Chaudhuri, Oxford University Press, 1995 edition.</ref>

In 1888, Ballygunge and [[Tollygunge]] had a combined ''thana'' (police station).<ref name="thana"/>

[[Entally]], [[Manicktala]], [[Beliaghata]], [[Ultadanga]], [[Chitpur]], [[Cossipore]], parts of [[Beniapukur]], Ballygunge, [[Watgunge]] and [[Ekbalpur]], and parts of [[Garden Reach]] and [[Tollygunge]] were added to Kolkata Municipal Corporation in 1888. Garden Reach was later taken out.<ref>Bagchi, Amiya Kumar, ''Wealth and Work in Calcutta, 1860-1921'', in ''Calcutta, the Living City'', Vol. I, edited by [[Sukanta Chaudhuri]], p. 213, Oxford University Press, {{ISBN|978-0-19-563696-3}}.</ref>

When the [[Bengali Renaissance|Bengal Renaissance]] started taking roots in 19th century Calcutta, it was initially limited to the predominantly Hindu 'Indian town' stretching north and north-east from the fringes of [[Burrabazar]], with a somewhat later extension south and south-east of the 'European town' to [[Bhowanipore]], and some decades later to Ballygunge, which was then developing as a suburb.<ref>Sarkar, Sumit, "Calcutta and the 'Bengal Renaissance'", in ''Calcutta, the Living City'', Vol. I, p. 100, Edited by Sukanta Chaudhuri, Oxford University Press, 1995 edition.</ref>

In the first half of the 20th century, "in the milieu of relative urban prosperity... Calcutta's rich citizens – those connected with [[jute]], coal, tea, other industries, trade, money-lending and rentier income from urban property – did fabulously well for themselves." Large chunks of Ballygunge, Sunny Park, Rainey Park and Southern Avenue were developed during the 1930s and 1940s. Many of the mansions in Ballygunge, [[Bhowanipore]] and [[Alipore]] were built by the city's Bengali and new Marwari elite who wanted to move from the "dirtier sections of north Calcutta to the more fashionable areas in the south".<ref>Goswami, Omkar, "Calcutta's Economy 1918-1970 The Fall from Grace", "Calcutta, The Living City" Vol II, Edited by Sukanta Chaudhuri, Page 93, First published 1990, 2005 edition, {{ISBN|0-19-563697-X}}</ref>

==Geography==
{{OSM Location map 
| coord = {{coord|22.529|88.362}} 
| zoom = 15 
| label = Ballygunge
| mark-coord = {{coord|22.529|88.362}}
| label-pos = right
| float = left
}}

===Location===
Ballygunge is flanked by [[Park Circus]] in the north, [[Kasba, Kolkata|Kasba]] and the [[Eastern Railway (India)|Eastern Railway]] south suburban line in the east, [[Dhakuria]] and the Lakes (now called [[Rabindra Sarobar]]) in the south, and the localities of [[Bhowanipore]] and Lansdowne in the west. It is served by [[Ballygunge Junction railway station]].

===Police districts===
The following police stations in the Ballygunge area, which are part of the [[Divisions of Kolkata Police|South-east division]] of [[Kolkata Police]], cover four police districts in the area:<ref name="police">{{cite web| url = http://www.kolkatapolice.gov.in/division.asp?ID=6&Division=N|title = Kolkata Police |work = South-east Division | publisher= KP | access-date = 5 March 2018}}</ref>

Rabindra Sarobar police station is a new police station being set up in the Rabindra Sarobar area.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.telegraphindia.com/1160218/jsp/calcutta/story_69923.jsp |title = Police station for Sarobar | publisher= The Telegraph, 18 February 2016| access-date = 5 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/kolkata-likely-to-get-nine-new-police-stations-soon/articleshow/61718148.cms |title = Kolkata likely to get nine new police stations soon | publisher= The Times of India, 20 November 2017| access-date = 5 March 2018}}</ref>

[[Park Circus#Police district|Karaya Women police station]], has jurisdiction over all police districts under the jurisdiction of the South-east division, i.e. Topsia, Beniapukur, Ballygunge, Gariahat, Lake, Karaya, Rabindra Sarobar and Tiljala.<ref name="police"/>

==Economy==
===Residential property===
As of 2018, the price of residential property in Ballygunge is amongst the neighbourhoods with high prices in Kolkata, and the price has more than doubled in the last decade.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.magicbricks.com/Property-Rates-Trends/ALL-RESIDENTIAL-rates-in-Kolkata|title = Property Rates in Kolkata | publisher=magicbricks | access-date = 5 March 2018}}</ref>{{better source|date=April 2021}}

===Gariahat Market===
Gariahat market, spread along [[Rashbehari Avenue]], [[Gariahat Road]] and the lanes in the area, is one of the largest and busiest markets in Kolkata. The shops sell variety of saris, clothes, jewellery, electronic goods, furniture and what not. The makeshift shops along the footpaths, popular as [[Hawkers in Kolkata|hawkers]], sell everything – crockery, cutlery, decorative items and utilities. It has numerous eateries and street food joints. Modern malls have also come up.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://kolkatainn.com/gariahat-market-of-kolkata-shopaholics-dream-come-true |title = Gariahat Market of Kolkata – A Shopaholics Dream Come True | publisher= Kolkata oh! Calcutta| access-date = 5 March 2018}}</ref> Gariahat market is also well known for selling fish which is a staple for the Bengali community living in Calcutta.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.telegraphindia.com/1070916/asp/calcutta/story_8321583.asp|title = Conduct a new tour |work = Gariahat Fish Market | publisher= The Telegraph, 16 September 2007| access-date = 5 March 2018}}</ref>

==Education==
Ballygunge is home to some of the following educational institutions in Kolkata:

* [[Indian Army Public Schools|Army Public School]], Kolkata, Ballygunge Maidan Camp
* [[Kendriya Vidyalayas|Kendriya Vidyalaya Ballygunge]], Kolkata, Ballygunge Maidan Camp
* [[Ballygunge Government High School]], Beltala
* [[Basanti Devi College]], 147B Rash Behari Avenue, Kolkata
* [[Jagadbandhu Institution]], 25, Fern Road, Kolkata.
* [[Kamala Girls' High School]], Lake Road (Kavi Bharati Sarani)
* [[Patha Bhavan, Kolkata|Patha Bhavan]], Swinhoe Street, Ekdalia Road, Palm Avenue, Ballygunge Place and Merlin Park
* [[South Point High School (India)|South Point School]], Mandeville Gardens and Ballygunge Place
* [[St. Lawrence High School, Kolkata|St. Lawrence High School]], Ballygunge Circular Road

==People from Ballygunge==

* [[Jyoti Basu]], politician
* [[Buddhadeva Bose]], writer
* [[Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee]], politician
* [[Debabrata Biswas]], Rabindra Sangeet singer
* [[Prosenjit Chatterjee]], Bengali Film Actor
* [[S. D. Burman|Sachin Dev Burman]], singer
* [[Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay|Sarat Chandra Chatterjee]], novelist
* [[Aroup Chatterjee]], (born 1958) – British Indian atheist physician, author of ''Mother Teresa: The Untold Story''
* [[Somnath Chatterjee]], politician
* [[Jibanananda Das]], poet
* [[Barun De]], historian
* [[Supriya Devi]], film actress, lived on Ballygunge Circular Road.
* [[Swarnakumari Devi]], poet, musician, and social worker
* [[Aroti Dutt]], social worker
* [[Gurusaday Dutt]], civil servant
* [[Ghanshyam Das Birla]], industrialist
* [[Sunil Gangopadhyay]], writer
* [[Anup Ghoshal]], singer
* [[Buddhadeb Guha]], novelist and poet
* [[Indrajit Gupta]], politician
* [[Sheila Jasanoff]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sheila Jasanoff : Sheila's World|url=https://sheilajasanoff.org/about/sheilas-world/|access-date=2020-12-08}}</ref>
* [[Satyendra Chandra Mitra]], politician
* [[Suchitra Mitra]], singer
* [[Hemanta Kumar Mukhopadhyay|Hemanta Mukherjee]], singer
* [[Mani Shankar Mukherjee]], writer
* [[Pranab Mukherjee]], politician
* [[Subrata Mukherjee]], former Mayor of Kolkata
* [[Subhash Mukhopadhyay (physician)|Subhas Mukhopadhyay]], physician
* [[Meghnad Saha|Prof. Meghnad Saha]], physicist
* [[Nares Chandra Sen-Gupta]], Bengali novelist and legal scholar
* [[P. C. Sorcar, Jr.]], magician
* [[Suchitra Sen]], film actress lived on Ballygunge Circular Road.
* [[Ruma Guha Thakurta]], singer
* [[Satyajit Ray]], film-maker
* [[Satyendranath Tagore]], civil servant

==References==
{{Commons category|Ballygunge}}
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Wikivoyage-inline|Kolkata/South}}

{{external media
| align=right
| video1= [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n8TovKcmi-A Gariahat Shopping] (video with Hindi commentary)
}}

{{Neighbourhoods in South Kolkata}}
{{Kolkata neighbourhoods}}

[[Category:Neighbourhoods in Kolkata]]

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Ballygunge