Bhojpuri cinema

2022-05-02T06:07:55Z

116.68.87.114:

{{Short description|Indian Bhojpuri language film industry}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2019}}
{{Infobox cinema market
| name = Bhojpuri cinema
| image = File:Indiafilm.svg
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption =
| screens = 269 in [[Bihar]] State of India
| screens_per_capita =
| distributors =[[BB Jaiswal Production]] [[DRJ Films]] [[IJK Films]] [[Nirahua Entertainment]] [[Prakriti Films]] [[Rahul Khan Production]] [[SRK Music Films]] [[Yashi Films]] [[Zabawa Entertainment]]
| produced_year = 2019
| produced_ref =
| produced_total = 101
| produced_fictional =
| produced_animated =
| produced_documentary =
| admissions_year =
| admissions_ref =
| admissions_total =
| admissions_per_capita =
| admissions_national =
| box_office_year =
| box_office_ref =
| box_office_total =
| box_office_national =
}}

'''Bhojpuri cinema''', also known as '''Bhojiwood''', is an [[cinema of India|Indian]] [[film industry]] of [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]]-language [[motion pictures]]. It is based in [[Patna]], [[Bihar]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailypioneer.com/sunday-edition/agenda/cover-story/bhojiwood-losing-its-lustre.html|title=Bhojiwood Losing Its Lustre|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117122416/http://www.dailypioneer.com/sunday-edition/agenda/cover-story/bhojiwood-losing-its-lustre.html|archive-date=2017-11-17}}</ref> The Bhojpuri movie industry is a burgeoning behemoth, a Rs 2000 crore (and growing) industry that is fast moving past the likes of A Listers like [[Ravi Kishen]] and [[Manoj Tiwari (politician)|Manoj Tiwari]], and breaking fresh ground and creating new milestones.

The first Bhojpuri talkie film, ''[[Ganga Maiyya Tohe Piyari Chadhaibo]]'', was released in 1963 by Vishwanath Shahabadi. The 80s saw the release of many notable as well as run-of-the-mill Bhojpuri films like ''Bitia Bhail Sayan'', ''[[Chanwa Ke Take Chakor|Chandwa ke take Chakor]]'', ''[[Hamar Bhauji]]'', ''Ganga Kinare Mora Gaon'' and ''Sampoorna Tirth Yatra''. Bhojpuri cinema has grown in recent years. The Bhojpuri film industry is now a {{INR}}2000 crore industry.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/media/entertainment/bhojpuri-film-industry-now-a-rs-2000-crore-industry/articleshow/57924026.cms|title=Bhojpuri film industry now a Rs 2000 crore industry|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117180007/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/media/entertainment/bhojpuri-film-industry-now-a-rs-2000-crore-industry/articleshow/57924026.cms|archive-date=2017-11-17}}</ref> Bhojpuri movies are seen across various parts of [[North America]], Europe, and Asia where second and third generation migrants still speak the language, as well as in [[Guyana]], [[Trinidad and Tobago]], [[Suriname]], [[Fiji]], [[Mauritius]], and [[South Africa]], which has a large Bhojpuri population.<ref name=global>{{cite news|title=Regional pride|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/beyond-business/regional-pride-110062400034_1.html|access-date=22 February 2014|newspaper=Business standard|date=24 June 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140227143917/http://www.business-standard.com/article/beyond-business/regional-pride-110062400034_1.html|archive-date=27 February 2014}}</ref>

== Overview ==
Bhojpuri originates in western Bihar and eastern Uttar Pradesh in northern India. Speakers of it and its creoles are found in many parts of the world, including the [[United States]], the [[United Kingdom]], [[Fiji]], [[Guyana]], [[Mauritius]], [[South Africa]], [[Suriname]], and [[Trinidad and Tobago]], and [[The Netherlands]]. During the late 1800s and early 1900s, many colonizers faced labor shortages due to the abolition of slavery; thus, they imported many Indians, many from Bhojpuri-speaking regions, as indentured servants to labor on plantations. Today, some 200 million people in the [[Caribbean]], [[Oceania]], and [[North America]] who speak Bhojpuri as a native or second language.<ref>{{cite book |title=Language in Indenture: A Sociolinguistic History of Bhojpuri-Hindi in South Africa |last=Mesthrie |first=Rajend |year=1991 |publisher=Routledge |location=London |isbn=0-415-06404-X |pages=19–32 }}</ref>

==History==
In the 1960s, the first president of India, [[Rajendra Prasad]], who hailed from Bihar, met [[Bollywood]] [[actor]] [[Nazir Hussain]] and asked him to make a movie in Bhojpuri, which eventually led to the release of the first Bhojpuri film in 1963.<ref name=ndtv>{{cite news |title=First Bhojpuri Film To Be Screened During Bihar Divas |url=http://movies.ndtv.com/movie_Story.aspx?id=ENTEN20110171729&keyword=&subcatg= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120925092550/http://movies.ndtv.com/movie_Story.aspx?id=ENTEN20110171729&keyword=&subcatg= |url-status=dead |archive-date=25 September 2012 |publisher=[[NDTV]] Movies |date=17 March 2011 }}</ref> Bhojpuri cinema's history begins with the well-received film ''[[Ganga Maiyya Tohe Piyari Chadhaibo]]'' ("Mother Ganges, I will offer you a yellow sari"), which was produced by Biswanath Prasad Shahabadi under the banner of Nirmal Pictures and directed by Kundan Kumar.<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0233774/ IMDB] {{webarchive|url=https://www.webcitation.org/6AC5gLhTx?url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0233774/ |date=2012-08-26 }}</ref> Throughout the following decades, films were produced in fits and starts. ''Bidesiya'' ("Foreigner", 1963, directed by S. N. Tripathi) and ''Ganga'' ("Ganges", 1965, directed by Kundan Kumar) were profitable and popular, but in general Bhojpuri films were not commonly produced in the 1960s and 1970s.

In the 1980s, enough Bhojpuri films were produced to tentatively make up an industry. Films such as ''Mai'' ("Mom", 1989, directed by Rajkumar Sharma) and ''Hamar Bhauji'' ("My Elder Brother's Wife", 1983, directed by Kalpataru) continued to have at least sporadic success at the box office. ''[[Nadiya Ke Paar (1982 film)|Nadiya Ke Paar]]'' is a 1982 Hindi-Bhojpuri blockbuster directed by Govind Moonis and starring [[Sachin (actor)|Sachin]], [[Sadhana Singh]], Inder Thakur, Mitali, Savita Bajaj, [[Sheela David]], Leela Mishra and Soni Rathod. However, this trend faded out by the end of the decade. By 1990, the nascent industry seemed to be completely finished.<ref>Tripathy, Ratnakar (2007) 'Bhojpuri Cinema', ''South Asian Popular Culture'', 5:2, 145-165</ref>

The industry took off again in 2001 with the [[Silver Jubilee]] hit ''Saiyyan Hamar'' ("My Sweetheart", directed by Mohan Prasad), which shot its hero, Ravi Kissan, to superstardom.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://in.rediff.com/movies/2006/mar/29ravi.htm |title= Meet the star of Bhojpuri cinema |author= Subhash K. Jha |date= 29 March 2006 |publisher= Rediff |access-date= 10 December 2009 |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090621080409/http://in.rediff.com/movies/2006/mar/29ravi.htm |archive-date= 21 June 2009 }}</ref> This was quickly followed by several other remarkably successful films, including ''Panditji Batai Na Biyah Kab Hoi'' ("Priest, tell me when I will marry", 2005, directed by Mohan Prasad) and ''Sasura Bada Paisa Wala'' ("My father-in-law, the rich guy", 2005). In a measure of the Bhojpuri film industry's rise, both of these did much better business in the states of [[Bihar]] and [[Jharkhand]] than mainstream Bollywood hits at the time. Both films, made on extremely tight budgets, earned back more than ten times their production costs.<ref>"Move over Bollywood, Here's Bhojpuri," BBC News Online: http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/1/hi/world/south_asia/4512812.stm</ref> ''Sasura Bada Paisa Wala'' introduced Manoj Tiwari, formerly a well-loved folk singer, to the wider audiences of Bhojpuri cinema. In 2008, he and Ravi Kissan were the leading actors of Bhojpuri films, and their fees increase with their fame. The extremely rapid success of their films has led to dramatic increases in Bhojpuri cinema's visibility, and the industry now supports an awards show<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.screenindia.com/old/fullstory.php?content_id=14294 |title= Bhojpuri industry On a High |author= Ashish Mitra |date= 8 December 2006 |work= Screen|access-date=10 December 2009}}</ref> and a trade magazine, ''Bhojpuri City'',<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/009200804141963.htm |title= Not moving closer to Congress: Shatrughan Sinha |date= 14 April 2008 |work= The Hindu |access-date= 10 December 2009 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121106030352/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/009200804141963.htm |archive-date= 6 November 2012 }}</ref> which chronicles the production and release of what are now over 100 films per year.

Many of the major stars of mainstream Bollywood cinema, including [[Amitabh Bachchan]], have recently worked in Bhojpuri films. [[Mithun Chakraborty]]'s Bhojpuri debut ''[[Bhole Shankar (film)|Bhole Shankar]]'', released in 2008, is considered the biggest Bhojpuri hit of all time.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.screenindia.com/news/mithuns-first-bhojpuri-film-creates-record-in-bihar/367841/ |title= Mithun's first Bhojpuri film creates record in Bihar |date= 3 October 2008 |work= Screen |access-date= 10 December 2009 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081005022100/http://www.screenindia.com/news/mithuns-first-bhojpuri-film-creates-record-in-bihar/367841/ |archive-date= 5 October 2008 }}</ref> Also in 2008, a 21-minute diploma Bhojpuri film by [[Siddharth Sinha]], ''[[Udedh Bun]]'' (Unravel) was selected for world premiere at the [[Berlin International Film Festival]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Bhojpuri-cinema-heads-to-Berlin-/articleshow/2764728.cms|title=Bhojpuri cinema heads to Berlin|date=7 February 2008|work=The Times of India|first1=Saurabh|last1=Kapoor|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180511075843/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Bhojpuri-cinema-heads-to-Berlin-/articleshow/2764728.cms|archive-date=2018-05-11}}</ref> Later it won the [[National Film Award (India)|National Film Award]] for [[National Film Award for Best Short Fiction Film|Best Short fiction Film]].<ref>[http://india.cineuropa.org/2009/01/discovery-of-2008-siddharth-sinha.html Discovery of 2008: Siddharth Sinha, Silver Bear Winner at Berlin] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100705130313/http://india.cineuropa.org/2009/01/discovery-of-2008-siddharth-sinha.html |date=2010-07-05 }} January 2009.</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Cut to fame |url=http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/cut-to-fame/514294/ |newspaper=[[Indian Express]] |date=8 Sep 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003152743/http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/cut-to-fame/514294/ |archive-date=2012-10-03 }}</ref>

Bhojpuri poet [[Manoj Bhawuk]] has written a history of Bhojpuri cinema.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://bhojpuricinema.wordpress.com/bhojpuri-cinema-ke-itihas/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=2017-04-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130806055852/http://bhojpuricinema.wordpress.com/bhojpuri-cinema-ke-itihas/ |archive-date=2013-08-06 }}</ref> Bhawuk is widely known as "Encyclopedia of Bhojpuri Cinema".

In February 2011, a three-day film and cultural festival in [[Patna]] marking 50 years of Bhojpuri cinema, opened ''Ganga Maiyya Tohe Piyari Chadhaibo'' the first Bhojpuri film. The first Bhojpuri Reality Film "Dhokha" is under production under banner Om Kaushik Films is about to be nominated and screened in different International Film Festivals under direction Of Rashmi Raj Kaushik Vicky and Renu Chaudhary.<ref>{{cite news |title=Strong at 50, Bhojpuri cinema celebrates |url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/strong-at-50-bhojpuri-cinema-celebrates/749762/0 |newspaper=[[Indian Express]] |date=14 February 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121019010957/http://www.indianexpress.com/news/strong-at-50-bhojpuri-cinema-celebrates/749762/0 |archive-date=2012-10-19 }}</ref>

== Notable people ==
Notable personalities of the Bhojpuri film industry include:

=== Actors ===
{{Main|List of Bhojpuri actors}}

=== Actresses ===
{{Main|List of Bhojpuri actresses}}

=== Film producers ===


*[[Neetu Chandra]]
*[[Rajkumar R. Pandey]]

=== Film directors===

*[[Rajnish Mishra]]
*[[Santosh Mishra]]
*[[Rajkumar R. Pandey]]
*[[Ajay Srivastava]]
*[[S. N. Tripathi]]

=== Music directors===
*[[Chitragupt (composer)]]

=== Lyricists===
*[[Shailendra (lyricist)]]

===Screenwriters===

* [[Rajendra Bharadwaj]]

===Singers===
{{Main|List of Bhojpuri singers}}

==Notable films==
{{main|List of Bhojpuri films}}

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Film
! Cast
|-
| 1962
| ''[[Ganga Maiyya Tohe Piyari Chadhaibo]]''
|[[Nazir Hussain]], [[Kumkum (actress)|Kumkum]]
|-
| rowspan="2"|1963
| ''[[Laagi Nahi Chhute Ram]]''
|[[Nazir Hussain]], [[Kumkum (actress)|Kumkum]]
|-
| ''[[Bidesiya (film)|Bidesiya]]''
|[[Sujit Kumar]]
|-
| 1965
| ''[[Bhouji]]''
|
|-
| 1966
| ''[[Loha Singh]]''
|
|-
| 1971
| ''[[Dher Chalaki Jinkara]]''
|
|-
| 1976
| ''[[Daku Rani Ganga]]''
|
|-
| 1978
| ''[[Amar Suhagin]]''
|
|-
| 1979
| ''[[Balam Pardesia]]''
|
|-
| rowspan="3"|1981
| ''[[Chanwa Ke Take Chakor]]''
|
|-
| ''[[Saiyan Magan Pahelwani Mein]]''
|
|-
| ''[[Saiyan Tore Karan]]''
|
|-
| 1982
| ''[[Nadiya Ke Paar (1982 film)|Nadiya Ke Paar]]''
|[[Sachin (actor)|Sachin]], [[Sadhana Singh]]
|-
| rowspan="2"|1983
| ''[[Hamar Bhauji]]''
|
|-
| ''[[Chukti Bhar Senur]]''
|
|-
| 1988
| ''[[Roos Gailen Saiyen Hamaar]]''
|
|-
| 2003
| ''[[Sasura Bada Paisawala]]''
| [[Manoj Tiwari (politician)|Manoj Tiwari]]
|-
| 2008
| ''[[Pratigya (2008 film)|Pratigya]]''
| [[Dinesh Lal Yadav]], [[Pawan Singh]]
|-
| 2010
| ''[[Devra Bada Satawela]]''
| [[Pawan Singh]], [[Ravi Kishan]], [[Pradeep Pandey]] ("Chintu")
|-
|2011
|[[Deswa]]
|Ajay Kumar, [[Aarti Puri]]
|-
|2011
|[[Elaan (2011 film)|Elaan]]
|Joginder Tiwari, [[Rahul Roy]], [[Manoj Tiwari (politician)|Manoj Tiwari]], [[Gajendra Chauhan]]
|-
| 2013
| ''[[Rakhwala (2013 film)|Rakhwala]]''
| [[Dinesh Lal Yadav]]
|-
| rowspan="2"|2014
| ''[[Devra Bhail Deewana]]''
| [[Pradeep Pandey]] ("Chintu"), [[Manoj Tiwari (politician)|Manoj Tiwari]], [[Pakhi Hegde]], [[Kajal Raghwani]]
|-
| ''[[Nirahua Hindustani]]''
| [[Dinesh Lal Yadav]], [[Amrapali Dubey]]
|-
| 2015
| ''[[Dulaara (2015 film)|Dulara]]''
| [[Pradeep Pandey]] ("Chintu")
|-
| 2016
| ''[[Dulhan Chahi Pakistan Se]]''
| [[Pradeep Pandey]] ("Chintu"), [[Shubhi Sharma]]
|-
| rowspan="8"|2017
| ''[[Mehandi Laga Ke Rakhna]]''
| [[Khesari Lal Yadav]], [[Kajal Raghwani]]
|-
|''[[Dhadkan (2017 film)|Dhadkan]]''
|[[Pawan Singh]], Akshara Singh
|-
|''[[Tabadala]]''
|[[Pawan Singh]], [[Mohan Joshi]]
|-
|''[[Sarkar Raj (2017 film)|Sarkar Raj]]''
|[[Pawan Singh]], [[Antara Biswas|Monalisa]]
|-
| ''[[Satya (2017 film)|Satya]]''
|[[Pawan Singh]], [[Antara Biswas|Monalisa]]
|-
| ''[[Nirahua Hindustani 2]]''
| [[Dinesh Lal Yadav]], [[Amrapali Dubey]]
|-
| ''[[Mai Sehra Bandh Ke Aaunga]]''
|[[Khesari Lal Yadav]], [[Kajal Raghwani]]
|-
| ''[[Muqaddar (2017 film)|Muqaddar]]''
| [[Khesari Lal Yadav]], [[Kajal Raghwani]]
|-
| rowspan="14"|2018
| ''[[Mehandi Laga Ke Rakhna 2]]''
| [[Pradeep Pandey]] ("Chintu")
|-
| ''[[Dulhan Ganga Paar Ke]]''
|[[Khesari Lal Yadav]], [[Kajal Raghwani]]
|-
| ''[[Maa Tujhe Salaam (2018 film)|Maa Tujhe Salaam]]''
| [[Pawan Singh]], [[Madhu Sharma]]
|-
| ''[[Sangharsh (2018 film)|Sangharsh]]''
| [[Khesari Lal Yadav]], [[Kajal Raghwani]]
|-
| ''[[Dabang Sarkar]]''
| [[Khesari Lal Yadav]], [[Kajal Raghwani]]
|-
| ''[[Nagraj (film)|Nagraj]]''
|Yash Kumar, [[Anjana Singh]], Paysi Pandit
|-
| ''[[Damru (2018 film)|Damru]]''
| [[Khesari Lal Yadav]]
|-
| ''[[Dulhan Chahi Pakistan Se 2]]''
| [[Pradeep Pandey]] ("Chintu"), [[Rahul Dev]]
|-
| ''[[Sanki Daroga]]''
|[[Ravi Kishan]], [[Anjana Singh]]
|-
| ''[[Balam Ji Love You]]''
| [[Khesari Lal Yadav]], [[Kajal Raghwani]]
|-
| ''Indian Viraj''<ref>{{cite web|title=Indian Viraj Bhojpuri Movie |url=http://www.bhojpurifilmiduniya.com/2016/03/bhojpuri-film-released-in-2016.html|access-date=12 November 2018|publisher=bhojpurifilmiduniya.com}}</ref>
| [[Prince Singh Rajput]]
|-
| ''[[Loha Pahalwan]]''
| [[Pawan Singh]]
|-
| ''Nagdev''<ref>{{cite web|title=Nagdev Bhojpuri Movie |url=http://www.bhojpurifilmiduniya.com/2018/03/nagdev-bhojpuri-movie-star-casts-news.html|access-date=16 November 2018|publisher=www.Bhojpurifilmiduniya.com}}</ref>
| [[Khesari Lal Yadav]], [[Kajal Raghwani]]
|-
| ''[[Nirahua Chalal London]]''
| [[Dinesh Lal Yadav]], [[Amrapali Dubey]]
|}

==Highest-grossing films==
Below are the highest-grossing Bhojpuri films of all time:<ref>{{Cite web|title=भोजपुरी सिनेमा की सबसे ज्यादा कमाई करने वाली फिल्में|url=https://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/movie-masti/news-from-bollywood/bhojpuri-movie-highest-box-office-collection/articleshow/66311325.cms|access-date=2022-02-17|website=Navbharat Times|language=hi}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
! Rank !! Film !! Production company!! Worldwide Gross !! Note
|-
! 1
|''[[Sasura Bada Paisawala]]'' (2003)
|[[Balaji Cinevision Pvt Ltd]]
|{{INRConvert|35|c}}
|
|-
! 2
|''[[Pratigya (2008 film)|Pratigya]]'' (2008)
|[[Venus Films]]
|{{INRConvert|35|c}}
|
|-
! 3
|''[[Ganga (2006 film)|Ganga]]'' (2006)
|N/A
|{{INRConvert|21|c}}
|
|-
! 4
|''[[Border (2018 Bhojpuri film)|Border]]'' (2018)
|[[Nirahua Entertainment Pvt Ltd]]
|{{INRConvert|19|c}}
|
|-
! 5
|''Nirahua Rickshawala'' (2008)
| N/A
|{{INRConvert|7.5|c}}
| Original budget: ₹57 lakh, Original box office: ₹3.12 crore{{cn|date=February 2022}}
|}

== Notable awards ==
{{main|List of Bhojpuri film awards}}

== See also ==
* [[Cinema of Bihar]]
* [[Patna Film Festival]]
* [[Rajgir Film City]]
* [[List of Bhojpuri television actors]]
* [[List of Bhojpuri television actresses]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{cite book|last=Ghosh|first=Avijit|title=Cinema Bhojpuri|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wAuTZ6_1XL4C|year=2010|publisher=Penguin Books Limited|isbn=978-81-8475-256-4}}
* {{cite book|last1=Gokulsing|first1=K. Moti|last2=Dissanayake|first2=Wimal|title=Routledge Handbook of Indian Cinemas|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=djUFmlFbzFkC&pg=PA159|year=2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-77284-9}}
{{Cinema of India}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bhojpuri Cinema}}
[[Category:Bhojpuri-language films| ]]
[[Category:Bhojpuri cinema]]
[[Category:Cinema of Bihar]]

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Bhojpuri cinema