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Balram Jakhar

2022-01-05T12:00:47Z

116.72.212.42:

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Balram Jakhar
| image = Dr Balram Jakhar.jpg
| imagesize = 200px
| order = 14th
| office = Governor of Madhya Pradesh
| term_start = 20 July 2004
| term_end = 19 July 2009
| 1blankname = Chief Minister
| 1namedata = [[Uma Bharti]] [[Babulal Gaur]] [[Shivraj Singh Chouhan]]
| predecessor = Lt. Gen. [[Krishna Mohan Seth|K. M. Seth]] (Acting)
| successor = [[Rameshwar Thakur]]
| office1 = [[Governor of Gujarat]]
| status1 = Additional Charge
| term_start1 = 12 July 2004
| term_end1 = 24 July 2004
| 1blankname1 = Chief Minister
| 1namedata1 = [[Narendra Modi]]
| predecessor1 = [[Kailashpati Mishra]]
| successor1 = [[Nawal Kishore Sharma]]
| office2 = 19th [[Ministry of Agriculture (India)|Minister of Agriculture]]
| primeminister2 = [[P. V. Narasimha Rao]]
| term_start2 = 21 June 1991
| term_end2 = 17 January 1996
| predecessor2 = [[Devi Lal]]
| successor2 = [[Jagannath Mishra]]
| order3 = 8th
| office3 = Speaker of the Lok Sabha
| term_start3 = 22 January 1980
| term_end3 = 27 November 1989
| deputy3 = [[G. Lakshmanan]] [[M. Thambi Durai]]
| predecessor3 = [[K. S. Hegde]]
| successor3 = [[Rabi Ray]]
| office4 = [[List of leaders of the opposition in the Punjab Legislative Assembly|Leader of Opposition of the Punjab Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start4 = 19 June 1977
| term_end4 = 17 February 1980
| predecessor4 = [[Prakash Singh Badal]]
| successor4 = Prakash Singh Badal
| birth_date = {{birth date|1923|8|23|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Panjkosi]], [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab]], [[British Raj|British India]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|2016|2|3|1923|8|23|df=y}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Balram Jakhar passes away |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/former-lok-sabha-speaker-balram-jakhar-passes-away/article8187870.ece |work=The Hindu | date = 4 February 2016}}</ref>
| death_place = [[Delhi]], [[India]]
| nationality = [[Indian nationality|Indian]]
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
| profession = [[Farmer]], [[Politician]]
| children = [[Sunil Jakhar]], [[Sajjan Jakhar]], [[Suriender Jakhar]]
}}

'''Balram Jakhar''' (23 August 1923 – 3 February 2016) was an Indian politician, who served as the [[Speaker of the Lok Sabha]] and [[Governor of Madhya Pradesh]]. He was also the longest serving [[Speaker of the Lok Sabha]] 

==Early life and education==
Jakhar was born in a [[Punjabi Hindu]] [[Jat]] family in [[Pankosi|Panjkosi]] village of [[Fazilka district]] in Punjab now in [[Fazilka]] on 23 August 1923. His father was Chaudhari Rajaram Jakhar and his mother Patodevi Jakhar. His elder son, Sajjan Kumar Jakhar, is a former Punjab minister and his youngest, Sunil Jakhar is three time MLA from Abohar and became Leader of the Opposition in Punjab in March 2012 and Member of Parliament from Gurdaspur and became PPCC President in 2017.

Jakhar earned a degree in [[Sanskrit]] from [[Forman Christian College]], [[Lahore]], in 1945. He had knowledge of English, [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], [[Urdu]], Sanskrit and [[Hindi]] languages.

==Politician==
Jakhar was elected to the [[Punjab Legislative Assembly]] in 1972 and was re-elected in 1977 becoming the Leader of the Opposition.

He was elected to the seventh [[Lok Sabha]] from [[Ferozepur]] in 1980 and re-elected to the eighth Lok Sabha from [[Sikar]] in 1984. He served twice as [[Speaker of Lok Sabha]] from 1980 to 1989, a rare achievement in Indian parliament history, thus became the longest speaker of the Lok Sabha (lower house of the Indian Parliament). As Speaker of Lok Sabha he was an instrument for automation and computerization of Parliamentary works. He promoted Parliament library, reference, research, documentation and information services for the knowledge and use of members of Parliament. The establishment of [[Parliament Museum]] was his contribution. He was first Asian to be elected as Chairman of Commonwealth Parliamentarian Executive Forum.

He became the Central Agriculture minister in 1991 in [[Indian National Congress|INC]] govt headed by [[P. V. Narasimha Rao]].

He was Governor of [[Madhya Pradesh]] state from 30 June 2004 to 30 May 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://164.100.47.132/LssNew/biodata_1_12/2755.htm|title= Official Webpage on Loksabha Website|publisher= National Informatics Centre, New Delhi|access-date= 27 April 2013|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150403123310/http://164.100.47.132/LssNew/biodata_1_12/2755.htm|archive-date= 3 April 2015|url-status= dead|df= dmy-all}}</ref>
[[File:Pandit Ram Kishore Shukla with Dr. Balram Jakhar and Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother at Buckingham Palace in 1984.jpg|thumb|left|Speaker Jakhar with [[Ram Kishore Shukla|Pandit Ram Kishore Shukla]] and [[Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother]] at a Commonwealth Conference.]]

{{Clear}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{cite web|url=http://mpinfo.org/hindi/governor/aboutgov.htm|date=4 April 2005|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050404064123/http://mpinfo.org/hindi/governor/aboutgov.htm|access-date=20 January 2019|archive-date=4 April 2005}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.rajasthantalkies.com/2011/01/iffco-chairman-surinder-jakhar-shot.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20110715152706/http://www.rajasthantalkies.com/2011/01/iffco-chairman-surinder-jakhar-shot.html|url-status=dead|title=IFFCO chairman Surinder Jakhar shot dead accidentally|date=15 July 2011|archive-date=15 July 2011|website=Archive.is|access-date=20 January 2019}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-par|in-lwr}}
{{s-bef|before={{nowrap|Mohinder Singh Sayanwala}}}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of Parliament for [[Firozpur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Ferozepur]]|years=1980–1984}}
{{s-aft|after={{nowrap|[[Gurdial Singh Dhillon]]}}}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Chaudhari Kumbharam Arya|Kumbharam Arya]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of Parliament for [[Sikar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Sikar]]|years=1984–1989}}
{{s-aft|after={{nowrap|[[Chaudhary Devi Lal|Devi Lal]]}}}}
|-
{{s-bef|before={{nowrap|[[Chaudhary Devi Lal|Devi Lal]]}}}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of Parliament for [[Sikar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Sikar]]|years=1991–1996}}
{{s-aft|after={{nowrap|[[Hari Singh Mahua|Dr. Hari Singh]]}}}}
|-
{{s-off}}
{{s-bef|before=[[K. S. Hegde]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Speaker of the Lok Sabha]]|years=22 January 1980 – 18 December 1989}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Rabi Ray]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Kailashpati Mishra]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Governors of Gujarat|Governor of Gujarat]] (Acting)|years=July 2004 – July 2004}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Nawal Kishore Sharma]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Krishna Mohan Seth|Lt. Gen. K. M. Seth]] (Acting)}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of governors of Madhya Pradesh|Governor of Madhya Pradesh]]|years=30 June 2004 – 29 June 2009}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Rameshwar Thakur]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{Speakers of the Lok Sabha}}
{{Governor of Gujarat}}
{{Governors of Madhya Pradesh}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jakhar, Balram}}
[[Category:1923 births]]
[[Category:2016 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Fazilka district]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians]]
[[Category:Speakers of the Lok Sabha]]
[[Category:Governors of Gujarat]]
[[Category:Governors of Madhya Pradesh]]
[[Category:Forman Christian College alumni]]
[[Category:Punjab, India MLAs 1972–1977]]
[[Category:Punjab, India MLAs 1977–1980]]
[[Category:8th Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:12th Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Rajasthan]]
[[Category:People from Sikar]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Punjab, India]]
[[Category:Leaders of the Opposition in Punjab, India]]
[[Category:Agriculture Ministers of India]]
[[Category:10th Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:People from Firozpur district]]
[[Category:People from Bikaner district]]
[[Category:7th Lok Sabha members]]

Harbans Kapoor

2022-01-04T18:52:05Z

116.72.212.42:

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2021}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Harbans Kapoor
| image = Harbans Kapoor during a Protest.jpg
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1946|01|07|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Bannu]], [[North-West Frontier Province]], [[British Raj|British India]] {{small|(Present day [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]], [[Pakistan]])}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2021|12|13|1946|01|07|df=y}}
| office1 = [[List of Speakers of the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly|Speaker]] [[Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start1 = 2007
| term_end1 = 2012
| office2 = <big>Minister of State</big> Urban Development [[Government of Uttarakhand]]
| term_start2 = 2001
| term_end2 = 2002
| office3 = <big>Minister of State</big> Rural Development, Labour & Unemployment [[Government of Uttar Pradesh]]
| term_start3 = 17 July 1991
| term_end3 = 6 December 1992
| office = Member of Legislative Assembly for [[Dehradun Cantonment (Uttarakhand Assembly constituency)|Dehradun Cantonment]]
| term_start = 1989
| term_end = 2021
| party = [[Bhartiya Janta Party]]
| website = [http://www.harbanskapoor.com/ Official website]
| death_place = [[Dehradun]], [[Uttarakhand]], [[India]]
}}

'''Harbans Kapoor''' (7 January 1946 – 13 December 2021) was an Indian politician who was a senior leader of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP) in Uttarakhand State. He was Speaker of the [[Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly]] from 2007 to 2012.<ref>http://www.harbanskapoor.com/about.html</ref> He was elected to the assembly from Dehra Khas constituency.<ref>[http://news.oneindia.in/2007/03/12/harbans-kapoor-unanimously-elected-uttarakhand-speaker-1174143945.html Harbans Kapoor unanimously elected Uttarakhand Speaker - News Oneindia]</ref> After the first defeat in 1985, he never lost Legislative Assembly elections and won for a record eight terms in a row (four times as the member of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly and four as the member of the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly) from Dehradun.

==Early life and education==
Kapoor was born in [[Bannu]], [[North-West Frontier Province]] in 1946 to a [[Punjabi Hindu]] family. His family settled in Dehradun after [[Partition of India]]. He completed his early schooling from [[St. Joseph's Academy, Dehradun]]. He graduated in Law from [[D.A.V. Post Graduate College, Dehradun]].

==Politics==
Starting as a grass root level politician, he joined the [[Uttar Pradesh Vidhan Sabha]] in 1989 as a member of the [[10th Uttar Pradesh Vidhan Sabha]] from [[Dehradun]] constituency, followed by the [[11th Vidhan Sabha]], [[12th Vidhan Sabha]] and the [[13th Vidhan Sabha]]. He also maintained his victory in the first election of the new state of Uttarakhand in 2002 and continued his victory spree in all the elections after the inception. In 2007, he was unanimously elected the Speaker of [[Uttarakhand Assembly]].<ref>[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Harbans-Kapoor-is-new-Uttarakhand-Speaker/articleshow/1751372.cms Harbans Kapoor is new Uttarakhand Speaker ] [[The Times of India]], 12 March 2007.</ref> He was one of the oldest leaders in Uttarakhand BJP.

==Later life==
Kapoor died on 13 December 2021, at the age of 75 at his home in Dehradun.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Harbans Kapoor: Senior BJP leader Harbans Kapoor dies at 75|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/dehradun/uttarakhand-senior-bjp-leader-harbans-kapoor-dies-at-75/articleshow/88249242.cms|url-status=live|access-date=2021-12-13|work=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>

==Elections contested==

{|class="sortable wikitable"
|-
!width=75|Year
!width=100|Constituency
!width=70|Result
!width=70|Vote percentage
!width=175|Opposition Candidate
!width=70|Opposition Party
!width=70|Opposition vote percentage
!width=25|Ref
|-
|[[1985 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1985]]|| [[Dehradun (Uttarakhand Assembly constituency)|Dehradun]] ||{{Lost}}|| 22.85% || [[Hira Singh Bisht]] ||[[Indian National Congress|INC]]|| 66.76% || <ref>[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1985/Statistical%20Report%20Uttar%20Pradesh%201985.pdf Page No 594]</ref>
|-
|[[1989 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1989]]|| [[Dehradun (Uttarakhand Assembly constituency)|Dehradun]] ||{{Won}}|| 42.84% || [[Hira Singh Bisht]] ||[[Indian National Congress|INC]]|| 31.11% || <ref>[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1989/Statistical%20Report_%20UP_1989.pdf Page No 600]</ref>
|-
|[[1991 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1991]]|| [[Dehradun (Uttarakhand Assembly constituency)|Dehradun]] ||{{Won}}|| 54.14% || Vinod ||[[Indian National Congress|INC]]|| 31.30% || <ref>[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1991/Stat_Rep_UP_91.pdf Page No 629]</ref>
|-
|[[1993 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1993]]|| [[Dehradun (Uttarakhand Assembly constituency)|Dehradun]] ||{{Won}}|| 53.74% || [[Dinesh Agrawal]] ||[[Indian National Congress|INC]]|| 38.55% || <ref>[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1993/StatisticalReport_UP_1993.pdf Page No 669]</ref>
|-
|[[1996 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1996]]|| [[Dehradun (Uttarakhand Assembly constituency)|Dehradun]] ||{{Won}}|| 56.37% || [[Dinesh Agrawal]] ||[[Indian National Congress|INC]]|| 17.98% || <ref>[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1996/StatisticalReport-UP96.pdf Page No 577]</ref>
|-
|[[2002 Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly election|2002]]|| [[Dehradun Cantonment (Uttarakhand Assembly constituency)|Dehradun Cantonment]] ||{{Won}}|| NA || Sanjay Sharma ||[[Indian National Congress|INC]]|| NA || <ref>[http://ceo.uk.gov.in/files/AC2002/Stat_rep_2002_UT.pdf Page No 89]</ref>
|-
|[[2007 Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly election|2007]]|| [[Dehradun Cantonment (Uttarakhand Assembly constituency)|Dehradun Cantonment]] ||{{Won}}|| NA || Lal Chand Sharma ||[[Indian National Congress|INC]]|| NA || <ref>[http://ceo.uk.gov.in/files/Election2007/Name%20of%20Assembly%20Constituency.pdf Page No 13]</ref>
|-
|[[2012 Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly election|2012]]|| [[Dehradun Cantonment (Uttarakhand Assembly constituency)|Dehradun Cantonment]] ||{{Won}}|| NA || Devendra Singh Sethi ||[[Indian National Congress|INC]]|| NA || <ref>[http://ceo.uk.gov.in/files/Election2012/RESULTS_2012_Uttarakhand_State.pdf Page No 10]</ref>
|-
|[[2017 Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly election|2017]]|| [[Dehradun Cantonment (Uttarakhand Assembly constituency)|Dehradun Cantonment]] ||{{Won}}|| 56.99% || [[Suryakant Dhasmana]] ||[[Indian National Congress|INC]]|| 33.90% || <ref>[https://eci.nic.in/eci_main/archiveofge2017/UKD/10.Detailed%20Result.pdf Page No 9/27]</ref>
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kapoor, Harbans}}
[[Category:1946 births]]
[[Category:2021 deaths]]
[[Category:Members of the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly]]
[[Category:Speakers of the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly]]
[[Category:People from Bannu District]]
[[Category:Uttar Pradesh MLAs 1989–1991]]
[[Category:Uttar Pradesh MLAs 1991–1993]]
[[Category:Uttar Pradesh MLAs 1993–1996]]
[[Category:Uttar Pradesh MLAs 1997–2002]]
[[Category:Uttarakhand MLAs 2002–2007]]
[[Category:Uttarakhand MLAs 2007–2012]]
[[Category:Uttarakhand MLAs 2012–2017]]
[[Category:Uttarakhand MLAs 2017–2022]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Uttarakhand]]