Gokak

2022-12-18T06:45:24Z

122.172.86.134:

{{other uses|Gokak (disambiguation)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2012}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name =
| nickname = kardant nadu
| settlement_type = City
| image_skyline = Gokak Falls.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = [[Gokak Falls|Gokak falls]]
| pushpin_map = India Karnataka
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Karnataka, India
| coordinates = {{coord|16.1667|N|74.8333|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Karnataka]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of regions of India|Region]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Sahayadri Hills]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Belagavi district|Belagavi]]
| established_title = Municipal council
| established_date = 1853
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| leader_title = [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of the Legislative Assembly]]
| leader_name = Shri. Ramesh Laxmanrao Jarkiholi <ref name="Administrators of Belgaum division">{{cite web |url=http://www.regional-commissioner-belgaum.gov.in/MLA'S%20and%20MP'S%20of%20Belgaum%20Division.html |title=List of MLA's and MP's from Belgaum division |publisher=Regional Commissioner of Belgaum, Govt. of Karnataka |date=10 April 2012 |access-date=10 April 2012 |archive-date=24 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141224130721/http://www.regional-commissioner-belgaum.gov.in/MLA%27S%20and%20MP%27S%20of%20Belgaum%20Division.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| leader_title2 = [[Tehsildar|Tahsildar]]
| leader_name2 = Shri. Audram A.<ref>{{cite web|title=Belgaum district Administrators|url=http://www.belgaum.nic.in/admin.html|publisher=[[National Informatics Center]], Govt. of India|access-date=18 June 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140924131834/http://www.belgaum.nic.in/admin.html|archive-date=24 September 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Gokak Tahsildar Audram Abdulrahman Secures PhD for Thesis on NGOs|url=http://www.mangalorean.com/news.php?newstype=broadcast&broadcastid=361374|publisher=Mangalorean.com|date=28 November 2012|access-date=24 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129015305/http://www.mangalorean.com/news.php?newstype=broadcast&broadcastid=361374|archive-date=29 November 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank = 2nd in Belgaum District
| area_total_km2 = 33.05
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 570
| population_total = 213,000
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank = 2nd in Belgaum District
| population_density_km2 = 2032.38
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Kannada]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 591 307
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 918332
| registration_plate = KA-49
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| blank1_info_sec1 = 986<ref name="Taluka wide stats of Belgaum district">{{cite web |url=http://www.belgaum.nic.in/stat.html |title=Belgaum District Stats |publisher=City Municipal Commissioner of Belgaum, Govt. of Karnataka |date=10 July 2012 |access-date=25 May 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512192955/http://www.belgaum.nic.in/stat.html |archive-date=12 May 2013 }}</ref> [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| website = {{URL|www.gokakcity.gov.in}}
| footnotes =
| official_name = Gokak
}}
'''Gokak''' is a [[taluk]]a headquarters in the [[Belagavi district|Belgaum district]] of [[Karnataka]] state, India. It is located around 70 km from [[Belgaum]] at the confluence of two rivers, the [[Ghataprabha River|Ghataprabha]] and the [[Markandeya]]. The population of the city is according to 2011 census is approximately 213000. Gokak city has second highest GDP in the district of Belgaum after Belgaum city.<ref name="Taluka wide stats of Belgaum district"/> The common language is [[Kannada]].

Gokak is surrounded on one side by a range of hills, and on the other side by a vast plain of black soil. The river [[Ghataprabha]] flows from the north side of the city and cascades down through a cleft of 167 ft, to form [[Gokak Falls]] before flowing through the city. Since the colonial era, the a hydroelectric station under the waterfall has been used to power Gokak Mills, one of the largest manufacturers and exporters of yarn in India. The river [[Markandeya]], a tributary of the [[Ghataprabha]], dashes down through 43 ft step wise hill plates to form [[Godchinamalaki Falls|Godachinamalaki Falls]].

==History==
{{Long plot|section|date=December 2020}}
Gokak is a place of philosophical and historical significance. According to Hindu Purans, Gokak was a part of Kuntal Country; it was the land of hunting tribes. During historical period many emperors had ruled the Gokak areas: Shatavahanas ruled it during 327 BC to 229 CE, the Western Chalukyas ruled it during 550 CE to610 CE, then it was also ruled by Rastrakootas and Kalyana Chalukyas; the subordinate-kings of Rastrakootas called Ratts too ruled Gokak Province during 850 CE to1250 CE under Rastrakoots as well Kalyana Chalukyas, during this reign temples and Basadies were built at Konnur, Gokak-Falls, Gokak and Mamadapur. Devagiri Yadavas captured this areas after defeating Ratts but the Sultanas of Delhi took this areas under their control by defeating Yadavas. Then, it was controlled by so many emperors namely Kampili Raya, Vijaya Nagar, Bidar's Bahamni kings, Bijapur Sultans, Mogals(Aurangajeb), Hyderali, Tippu Sultan (Savanoor Nawaab), Maratha Ghorpade and Peshwas; in 1818 CE British captured Gokak by defeating Peshwas. Gokak city became Municipality in 1853CE, it is second oldest Municipality in Karnataka State. The monuments build during Hindu, Jain and Muslim rules are still found at Gokak and its surroundings.<ref>Prof Arjun Y. Pangannavar:` Taynadu’ A collection of Articles in Kannada, Kanaka Sahitya Pratisthana, Bangalore-91, 2008 Pp-89-90</ref> There was a dispute and a battle as well in between [[Abbakka|Rani Abbakka]] and Gokak Kotwals who ruled the city in the 16th century. A fort which is in ruins can still be seen at the western side of the city. The Mallikarjun temple, also known affectionately as the "Malikjaan dargha", stands atop a hill, also called the Mallikarjun hill. The tomb of the [(Raja)] of Kittur Mallasarja is at the nearby Duradundeshwar temple in [[Arabhavi Math]]. During the [[British Raj|British rule in India]], the [[Forbes & Company Ltd.|Forbes Gokak]] Spinning Mill (now owned by Gokak Textiles Limited of the Shapoorji Pallonji Group) was set up in 1887 in [[Gokak Falls]] which is located about 6 km north-west of Gokak. It was modernised over decades and is functional till date being a major source of economy for the city. A [[Hydel power|hydroelectric power plant]] was also set up in [[Gokak Falls]] in 1887, is one of the oldest projects of a kind in the region. The first Hydroelectricity was generated here in Gokak Falls in whole Asia continent.

Gokak taluka contributed to the Prime Minister's Relief Fund which was meant for humanitarian assistance for the [[2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami|Indian Ocean tsunami]] victims. Child Development Project Officer Mr P N Patil who addressed a press conference had disclosed that it was decided to donate a day's salary of government officials towards the relief fund. The employees of Forbes-Gokak textile industry also contributed about [[Indian rupee|INR]] {{Indian Rupee}} 7 lakh ({{Indian Rupee}} 700,000).<ref>{{cite web|title=Gokak taluk out to set a record|url=http://archive.deccanherald.com/Deccanherald/jan132005/d16.asp|work=[[Deccan Herald]]|access-date=13 January 2005}}</ref> Gokak is also known for its old [[Hindu]] [[Temple]]s. The most famous once are [[Mahalingeshwara Temple, Gokak Falls|Mahalingeshwara temple]], Savalagi Shivalinga [[Matha]], Kadasiddeshwar Matha Konnur-Maradimath, Yogikolla temple and Duradundeshwara temple in [[Arabhavi]]. Mahalingeshwara temple is well-known and is located on the [[Ghataprabha River]]side near Gokak water-falls. The temple is a large and sprawling structure built in the later Chalukyan style of architecture. The temple has a garbhagriha, (sanctum), an ardhamantapa and a spacious but open mukhamantapa (frontal courtyard). The sanctum with its tall Shikara adorned with exquisite sculptures is a sight to behold. It faces north, an unusual orientation for Shiva temples. On the sides of the [[Ghataprabha River]] there are several temples apart from [[Mahalingeshwara Temple, Gokak Falls|Mahalingeshwara temple]] that date back to the period of the later Chalukyas of Kalyana who ruled portions of the Deccan from the 10th to the 12th centuries.<ref>{{cite web|title=Gokak Mahalingeshwara Temple|url=http://www.fropper.com/post/8639|publisher=fropper.com|access-date=23 November 2007}}</ref>

The city is growing rapidly in terms of industries, business, as well as the fields of education, arts, literature and folk-art. It is associated with famous Kannada writers and thinkers such as Shri Krishna Murty Puranik, Anand Kanda, Prof K. Sharanappa, Dr. S. B. Totad, Dr. Arjun Y. Pangannavar https://www.educreation.in/author/arjunypangannavar/Basavaraj Kattimani, Prof. Kundanagar Rngler, D.C. Pawate and Raghavendra Patil. Many popular folk-artists such as Padmashri Dr.Chandrashekar Kambar, Ningayya Swami Pujari, Ishwarappa Minachi, Yallappa Pujeri, Dr. Hatapaki and Ishwarachandra Betageri are also associated with the town. Gokak has a world famous waterfall known as Gokak Falls.Dr. Arjun Y. Pangannavar has authored 35+ books on economics and literature,his latest contribution is"Shrimad Valmiki Ramayan Mahakaavya-Darshanm: Literature- Epic Poem (Kannada),2021.<ref>Dr. Arjun Y. Pangannavar: Shrimad Valmiki Ramayan Mahakaavya-Darshanm: Part1: Literature- Epic Poem (Kannada) EvincePub Publishing Bilaspur Chhattisgarh ISBN 9789390586134 (2021)</ref>

Gokak is also renowned for its sweets, which are known all over India, such as Karadantu (a Kannada term, which literally means fried edible gum), a sweet richly stuffed with nuts and edible gum, and {{transl|kn|ladagi laadu}}.

===Etymology===
'''Gokak''' ({{lang-kn|ಗೋಕಾಕ}}) was basically an 'Agrahar' founded in pre-historic period, place of tribal people/jungle people then ruled by Rattas (850 Ad-1250Ad), Bijapur Sultans, Tippu-Sultan and British (1819) and became Municipality in 1853, next to Belgaum City. It derives its name from Goki trees that grow abundantly in the region as well as it was the place of 'Cow Grazers. Gokak does not have an [[Anglicisation|anglicised]] name. Gokak is also the last name for many people, most notably the famous scholar [[V. K. Gokak]]. The city is also known for "Gokak Kotwals" who ruled the town in the 16th century and had disputes and fought a battle as well with [[Abbakka Chowta|Rani Abbakka]] at the time.<ref>{{cite web|title=Tourist information for Gokak|date=30 July 2009 |url=http://www.karnataka.com/belgaum/gokak-falls/|publisher=karnataka.com|access-date=6 May 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=North Karnataka Tourism.|url=http://www.gokakcity.gov.in/sites/gokakcity.gov.in/files/tour_0.pdf|publisher=C.M.C Gokak, Government of Karnataka|access-date=22 September 2011|archive-date=24 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924022845/http://www.gokakcity.gov.in/sites/gokakcity.gov.in/files/tour_0.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Dispute regarding district status===
{{See also|Belgaum Border dispute}}
Bifurcation of [[Belagavi district|Belgaum district]], which includes a total of 16 [[taluka]]s, has been a longstanding issue. Being the second largest city in [[Belagavi district|Belgaum district]], Gokak has been a strong contender for a separate administrative district. Most of these protests in Gokak have been peaceful, however sometimes these protests have turned out to be violent leading to the damage of public property. The protests are held in neighbouring towns surrounding Gokak also.<ref>{{cite news|title=Protests in Gokak|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/article1893318.ece|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=17 August 2007|access-date=21 July 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Judicial district status for Chikkodi kicks up dust |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-01-09/hubli/30606878_1_gokak-bandh-gokak-bandh-district-status|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103082654/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-01-09/hubli/30606878_1_gokak-bandh-gokak-bandh-district-status|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 January 2013|date=9 January 2012|work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=14 June 2012}}</ref>

In October 2008, [[Bandh]] was declared in Gokak to demand the District status. All the educational institutions, business establishments, [[Movie theatre]]s and other trading centres remained closed. The North West Karnataka Road Transport Corporation ([[Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation|NWKRTC]]) had suspended its transportation services throughout the day but resumed them in the evening.<ref>{{cite news|title=Bandh in Gokak for District status|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/article1352643.ece|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=7 October 2008|access-date=8 April 2018}}</ref>

The P. C Gaddigoudar committee, set up by the state government, recommended formation of Gokak district which would include the [[taluka]]s of Gokak, [[Hukkeri]], [[Raybag]], [[Chikkodi]] and [[Athani (Karnataka)|Athani]] with its sub-divisions at Gokak and [[Chikkodi]], respectively. As of early 2012 no decision has been made regarding bifurcation.<ref>{{cite web|title=Gokak observes total bandh for District tag|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/article2789214.ece|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=12 January 2012|access-date=2 June 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=P.C. Gaddigoudar committee report submitted to Govt. of Karnataka|url=http://www.karunadu.gov.in/talukareorganisation/pages/gaddigoudar-committee.aspx|publisher=Govt. of [[Karnataka]]|access-date=28 April 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=P.C. Gaddigoudar, Member of Lok Sabha|url=http://164.100.47.132/lssnew/members/Biography.aspx?mpsno=3984|publisher=[[National Informatics Centre|NIC]], [[Govt. of India]]|access-date=12 December 2012|archive-date=1 February 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130201155506/http://164.100.47.132/LssNew/Members/Biography.aspx?mpsno=3984|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Findings of the DRC committee, Govt of Karnataka|url=http://drc.kar.nic.in/image/previous.pdf|publisher=DRC, Govt of Karnataka|access-date=8 April 2018}}</ref>

==Geography==
{{multiple image
| width = 220
| align = right
| direction = vertical
| footer = A view from nearby Kadabgatti hill (top) & [[Ghataprabha River]] at [[Gokak Falls]].
| image1 = A view from nearby Kadabgatti hill..JPG
| alt1 =
| image2 = Ghataprabha river at Gokak Falls.JPG
| alt2 =
}}
Gokak is second biggest city after [[Belgaum]] city in Belgaum district and is surrounded by the [[Western Ghats]]. The [[Ghataprabha River]], which has water almost throughout the year, is the chief source of agricultural and drinking water for local people living in the surrounding villages. It has an average elevation of 553 metres (1814 feet). The city is situated in the central part of [[Belgaum]] district which is located in northwestern parts of Karnataka and lies at the border of two states, [[Maharashtra]] in the north and [[Goa]] on the west. It is located at a distance of 540 km from [[Bangalore]] which is the capital city of the state of [[Karnataka]]. Gokak comes under Tropical deciduous moist belt in south central India. Majority of the soil in Gokak taluka is composed of [[laterite]] soil and small amounts of black soil is found as well.

Vegetation of Gokak can be classified into dry deciduous forests which is generally found scattered in the central and eastern parts of [[Belagavi district|Belgaum district]].<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Dept of Ecology & Environment, Govt. of Karnataka|url=http://parisaramahiti.kar.nic.in/Karnatakamaps/geologynew.jpg|title=Geological map of Karnataka|access-date=20 May 2012}}</ref> Domestic animals which are directly dependent on plants can be found in the region. They are used for agricultural as well as transportation purposes in rural areas. Ground water resources are also extensively tapped in remote areas which are not easily accessible to canals and rivers.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Dept of Ecology & Environment, Govt. of Karnataka|url=http://parisaramahiti.kar.nic.in/Karnatakamaps/grdwaterutil.jpg|title=Ground water utilization in Karnataka|access-date=18 February 2012}}</ref> It has also been found that about 40% of area in [[Belagavi district|Belgaum district]] has a higher concentration of nitrates in drinking water due to extensive dependency on [[fertiliser]]s for agriculture. According to a geological survey, ground water in Gokak has a [[pH]] of about 8.6 with desirable limits being 6.5 to 8.5. The region around Gokak contains large quantities of [[gneisses]] rock which ultimately gives rise to clay deposits. Region lying to the north of Gokak consist of [[sandstone]]s and [[quartzite]] that form low ridges. The [[manganese]] deposits occur in [[Belagavi district|Belgaum district]] between [[Londa, Karnataka|Londa]] and Gokak taluka. Building stones and moulding sand are available around [[Khanapur]] & Gokak in [[Belagavi district|Belgaum district]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Geological overview of Belgaum district|url=http://kspcb.org/PH/Draft%20EIA.pdf|publisher=Karnataka State Pollution Control Board, Govt of Karnataka|access-date=10 June 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://parisaramahiti.kar.nic.in/Karnatakamaps/soil.jpg|title=Soil maps of Karnataka|publisher=Dept of Ecology & Environment, Govt. of Karnataka|access-date=1 June 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|publisher=Dept of Ecology & Environment, Govt. of Karnataka|url=http://parisaramahiti.kar.nic.in/Karnatakamaps/acz.jpg|title=Agricultural climatic zones in Karnataka|access-date=18 February 2012}}</ref>

===Climate===
Being situated in central region of [[Belagavi district|Belgaum district]] which lies in the rugged terrain of north-western [[Karnataka]], Gokak is well known for its pleasant warm climate throughout the year except for the winter. Gokak receives rainfall from both the northeast and the southwest [[monsoons]] and the wettest months are June–September.<ref>{{cite web|title=Southwest and Northeast monsoons in India|url=http://envis.maharashtra.gov.in/envis_data/newsletter/monsoon/Indian_monsoon.html|publisher=Dept. of Environment, Govt. of Maharashtra|access-date=8 April 2018|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121218215150/http://envis.maharashtra.gov.in/envis_data/newsletter/monsoon/Indian_monsoon.html|archive-date=18 December 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Southwest monsoon maps|url=http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/india/southwestmonsoon.htm|publisher=mapsofindia.com}}</ref> It has the [[Tropical savannah]] with dry winter climatic conditions. December & January are generally cold as compared to the rest of year. The coldest month is January with an average low temperature of 15.2 °C and the hottest month is April with an average high temperature of 35.7 °C. Winter temperatures rarely drop below 14 °C (54 °F), and summer temperatures seldom exceed 34–35 °C.<ref>{{cite web|title=Forecasting manuals for Southwest Monsoons|url=http://www.imdpune.gov.in/weather_forecasting/Forecasting_Mannuals/forecasting%20manuals.htm|publisher=[[Indian Meteorological Department]], Govt. of India|access-date=18 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924033851/http://www.imdpune.gov.in/weather_forecasting/Forecasting_Mannuals/forecasting%20manuals.htm|archive-date=24 September 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Weather maps for surface temperature|url=http://www.myweather2.com/activity/play-weather-maps.aspx?mapid=18&id=68007&maptype=SURFACE_TEMP|publisher=myweather2.com|access-date=14 June 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Weekly Rainfall predictions|url=http://www.imdpune.gov.in/weather_forecasting/plot/plots_index.html|publisher=[[Indian Meteorological Department]], Govt. of India|access-date=14 June 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924033853/http://www.imdpune.gov.in/weather_forecasting/plot/plots_index.html|archive-date=24 September 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>

{{Weather box
|location = Gokak
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|Jan record high C = 34.2
|Feb record high C = 37
|Mar record high C = 39.2
|Apr record high C = 40.2
|May record high C = 39.8
|Jun record high C = 38.7
|Jul record high C = 34.6
|Aug record high C = 35.7
|Sep record high C = 38.2
|Oct record high C = 33.7
|Nov record high C = 38.6
|Dec record high C = 39
|year record high C = 40.2
|Jan high C = 29.7
|Feb high C = 32.1
|Mar high C = 34.7
|Apr high C = 35.7
|May high C = 34.2
|Jun high C = 28.7
|Jul high C = 26.3
|Aug high C = 26.1
|Sep high C = 28
|Oct high C = 29.2
|Nov high C = 29.2
|Dec high C = 28.6
|year high C = 30.2
|Jan mean C = 22.4
|Feb mean C = 25.6
|Mar mean C = 26.4
|Apr mean C = 28.1
|May mean C = 27.6
|Jun mean C = 24.8
|Jul mean C = 23.4
|Aug mean C = 23.1
|Sep mean C = 23.7
|Oct mean C = 24.1
|Nov mean C = 23.6
|Dec mean C = 23.1
|year mean C = 24.5
|Jan low C = 15.2
|Feb low C = 16.3
|Mar low C = 18.2
|Apr low C = 20.5
|May low C = 21.1
|Jun low C = 21
|Jul low C = 20.5
|Aug low C = 20.1
|Sep low C = 19.5
|Oct low C = 19.1
|Nov low C = 18.7
|Dec low C = 17.6
|year low C = 18.7
|Jan record low C = 13.9
|Feb record low C = 15.4
|Mar record low C = 16.7
|Apr record low C = 18.3
|May record low C = 19.6
|Jun record low C = 19.1
|Jul record low C = 18.2
|Aug record low C = 17.9
|Sep record low C = 18.5
|Oct record low C = 18.4
|Nov record low C = 17.6
|Dec record low C = 15.1
|year record low C = 13.9
|Jan precipitation mm = 3
|Feb precipitation mm = 2
|Mar precipitation mm = 2.1
|Apr precipitation mm = 32.2
|May precipitation mm = 71.2
|Jun precipitation mm = 157.8
|Jul precipitation mm = 196.8
|Aug precipitation mm = 180.8
|Sep precipitation mm = 117.7
|Oct precipitation mm = 40.2
|Nov precipitation mm = 11
|Dec precipitation mm = 5.6
|year precipitation mm = 820.4
|Jan sun= 262.9
|Feb sun= 246.5
|Mar sun= 274.7
|Apr sun= 260.5
|May sun= 241.8
|Jun sun= 158.0
|Jul sun= 142.4
|Aug sun= 136.7
|Sep sun= 164.0
|Oct sun= 191.7
|Nov sun= 221.4
|Dec sun= 232.6
|year sun= 2533.2
|source 1 = Yearly weather forecasts<ref name=weather>{{cite web|title=Yearly weather forecast for Gokak|url=http://www.meoweather.com/history/India/na/16.166667/74.833333/Gokak.html|publisher=meoweather.com|access-date=21 July 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Mean monthly sunshine hours for Karnataka|url=http://www.worldreviewer.com/holiday-weather-guide/climate-in-karnataka-india|publisher=worldreviewer.com}}</ref>
|source 2 = [[Indian Meteorological Department]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Indian Meteorological Department|url=http://www.imdpune.gov.in/weather_forecasting/Forecasting_Mannuals/forecasting%20manuals.htm|publisher=[[Indian Meteorological Department]], Govt. of India|access-date=1 September 2005|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924033851/http://www.imdpune.gov.in/weather_forecasting/Forecasting_Mannuals/forecasting%20manuals.htm|archive-date=24 September 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Satellite Imaging for weather forecast|url=http://www.imdpune.gov.in/weather_forecasting/satellite_img/satimg_index.html|publisher=[[Indian Meteorological Department]], Govt. of India|access-date=17 June 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019101019/http://www.imdpune.gov.in/weather_forecasting/satellite_img/satimg_index.html|archive-date=19 October 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Weather data from 1901–2000 |url=http://www.imd.gov.in/doc/climateimp.pdf |publisher=[[Indian Meteorological Department]], Govt. of India |access-date=25 August 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413020426/http://www.imd.gov.in/doc/climateimp.pdf |archive-date=13 April 2015 }}</ref>
}}

==Demographics==
{{bar box
|title=Religions in [[Belagavi district|Belgaum district]]<ref name="censusindia.gov.in">{{cite web|title = Census of India (District wise):Socio-cultural aspects|url = http://censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_Data_Online/Social_and_cultural/Religion.aspx|publisher = Ministry of Home Affairs, [[Government of India]]|access-date = 2 March 2011|url-status = dead|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110520054852/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_Data_Online/Social_and_cultural/Religion.aspx|archive-date = 20 May 2011|df = dmy-all}}</ref>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|#FF6600|84.59}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|#009000|10.4}}
{{bar percent|[[Jainism]]|#9955BB|4.1}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity]]|#FFFF00|0.42}}
{{bar percent|Others|#808080|4.63}}
<small>Others include [[Buddhist]]s, [[Sikh]]s & [[Parsi]]s</small>
}}

{{As of|2001}} India [[census]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=16 June 2004|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=1 November 2008|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Gokak had a population of 135,166. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Gokak has an average literacy rate of 67%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 74%, and female literacy is 60%. In Gokak, 13% of the population is under 6 years of age. [[Kannada]] is the common language in the region, however other languages like [[Urdu]], [[Marathi language|Marathi]] are spoken by a small population. According to the 2011 census Gokak had a [[SC and ST]] population of about 7216 and [[Below Poverty Line]] population of about 12203. Total population living in [[slum]]s was about 7496. The literacy rate in men and women as of 2011 was about 76% and 68% respectively which is a little above national average.<ref>{{cite web|title= CMC Gokak, Govt of Karnataka.|url=http://gokakcity.gov.in/sites/gokakcity.gov.in/files/APR_CP.pdf|publisher=Gokak City Municipal Council (C.M.C)|access-date=15 September 2011}}</ref>

{{See also|Religion in Karnataka|Jainism in North Karnataka}}
Majority of the population in Gokak follows [[Hinduism]]. The religions represented in [[Belagavi district|Belgaum district]] include Hindus (84.59%), Muslims (10.4%), Jains (4.1%), Christians (0.42%) along with [[Sikh]]s, [[Buddhist]]s and others making up the rest of the population.

==Economy==
Gokak has a predominant agricultural economy in the rural areas where majority of the people are farmers or affiliated to other [[Agriculture]] related business. However the population living in the city is benefited from a number of [[Industry (economics)|Industries]] such as [[Manufacturing]], [[Engineering]], [[Health care]], [[Agriculture|Agricultural]], [[Automotive]], [[Service industry]], [[Insurance]] and most recently [[Business process outsourcing|IT/BPO]] as well. The region around Gokak and parts of central [[Belagavi district|Belgaum district]] has a good production yield for [[Sugarcane]], [[Maize|Corn]], [[Cotton]], [[Jowar]] and [[Betel|Betel leaf]] owing to which there is an industrial presence of a cotton spinning mill, sugar industry and starch processing plant.<ref>{{cite web|title=Dept of Agricultural marketing, A.P.M.C Gokak|url=http://agmarknet.nic.in/profile/profile_online/displayformdetails.asp?mkt=721|publisher=[[National Informatics Centre|NIC]], Govt. of India|access-date=14 February 2012}}</ref>

===KIADB and KSSIDC===
Gokak is the only area apart from [[Belgaum]] in [[Belagavi district|Belgaum district]] to have a KIADB industrial area (Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Board) and KSSIDC industrial estate (Karnataka State Small Industries Development Corporation).<ref>{{cite web|title=KIADB industrial areas|url=http://kiadb.kar.nic.in/industrialareas/industrialareas.htm|publisher=KIADB, Govt. of Karnataka|access-date=20 January 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071002073352/http://kiadb.kar.nic.in/industrialareas/industrialareas.htm|archive-date=2 October 2007}}</ref> Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Board (KIADB) is a wholly owned infrastructure agency of Government of Karnataka. Some of its aims are to promote rapid industrialisation with "No profit-No loss" policy. It facilitates various infrastructure projects and acquires land to implement various industrialisation schemes approved by the government of [[Karnataka]]. Industries present in KIADB are facilitated with well planned wide asphalted roads, potable water supply & power supply lines and office complexes with accommodation of shops and small business.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://kiadb.kar.nic.in/proj_kiadb.htm|title=Projects of KIADB|publisher=[[National Informatics Centre|NIC]], Govt. of India|access-date=27 April 2011}}</ref> Some of the industries present in KIADB Gokak are related to food processing, edible oil processing, small-scale cotton spinning mills, toys industry and [[Incense of India|Agarbatthi]] industry.<ref>{{cite web|title=Industries in Gokak|url=http://gokakonline.wetpaint.com/page/Industries|publisher=gokakonline.wetpaint.com|access-date=20 March 2012}}</ref> [[KSSIDC]] on the other hand is responsible for the growth and development of small-scale industries. The agency also provides [[ISI mark|ISI]] testing units to help small-scale industry units to process quality products. KSSIDC has well distributed network of raw-material depots across the state which facilitates easy distribution of raw materials for small scale industries.<ref>{{cite web|title=KIADB Gokak layout|url=http://belgaumdic.gov.in/gokak.html|publisher=KIADB, Govt. of Karnataka|access-date=20 January 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=KSSIDC, Govt of Karnataka|url=http://www.kssidc.kar.nic.in/history.htm|publisher=[[National Informatics Centre|NIC]], Govt. of India|access-date=1 April 2012}}</ref>

===Textiles industry===
[[Forbes & Company Ltd.|Forbes Gokak Ltd.]] is a major textile industry located about 6 km west of Gokak in the town of Gokak Falls. It is also known as "''Gokak Mills''".<ref>{{cite web|title=FORBES & CO (FORBES GOKAK) LTD|url=http://www.companyspotlight.com/70793/FORBES--CO-FORBES-GOKAK-LTD|publisher=companyspotlight.com}}</ref> Gokak mills is known for their yarn which is supplied worldwide. Gokak mills have also received [[ISO 9000|ISO 9002]] certification.<ref>{{cite web|title=Forbes Gokak Ltd.|url=http://www.gokakmills.com/mainframe1_company.htm|publisher=gokakmills.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Gokak Mills-Shapoorji Pallonji Conglomerate|url=http://www.sp-group.co.in/groupcompanies/services.php?cid=5|publisher=sp-group.co.in}}</ref>

A unique forestation project known as "''Global cooling''" was initiated by Gokak Mills on rocky terrain areas surrounding [[Gokak Falls]] which led to the planting of 2 million trees. This helped the surrounding area geologically with regard to temperature, rainfall and a better quality of air. This project has won many accolades in the past for the company over and has also received an award in 1994 for its afforestation efforts.<ref name="Gokak Tourism-Govt. of Karnataka">{{cite web|title=Karnataka Tourism.|url=http://www.gokakcity.gov.in/sites/gokakcity.gov.in/files/tour_0.pdf|publisher=CMC Gokak, Govt. of Karnataka|access-date=22 September 2011|archive-date=24 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924022845/http://www.gokakcity.gov.in/sites/gokakcity.gov.in/files/tour_0.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Gokak Afforestation project|url=http://www.birdk.org.in/birdk/projects/82-gokak-afforestation-project.html|publisher=bird-k.org.in}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Industrial Greenbelt development|url=http://www.baif.org.in/pdf/CSR.pdf|publisher=baif.org.in|access-date=2 June 2012}}</ref>

===Starch processing===
Riddhi Siddhi Gluco Biols Ltd. (RSGBL) is a major starch processing facility located 3 km west of Gokak. It is one of the largest starch processing industries in [[India]].<ref name="UNFCCC project-RSGBL">{{cite web|url=https://cdm.unfccc.int/filestorage/B/S/L/BSLT6HA1RUVO02FNIEKG4JQ8DX97CZ/PDD.pdf?t=S218bTV5M3Z2fDBIpLNkQ0G8u9PscI4amywK|title=Wind power project by Riddhi Siddhi Gluco Boils|publisher=[[United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change|UNFCCC]]|access-date=14 June 2012}}</ref> It is headquartered in [[Ahmedabad]], [[Gujarat]] with its manufacturing facilities in Gokak [[Karnataka]], [[Pantnagar]] in [[Uttarakhand]] and [[Viramgam]] in [[Gujarat]]. The industry has an [[ISO 9000|ISO 9001]] certification and is listed on [[Bombay Stock Exchange|BSE]] as well. Riddhi Siddhi has acquired two multi-national corn processing units of [[GlaxoSmithKline|Glaxo]] and [[Hindustan Unilever]] in the last 15 years.<ref>{{cite web|title=Riddhi Siddhi History|url=http://www.riddhisiddhi.co.in/at_a_glance.html|publisher=riddhisiddhi.co.in|access-date=14 June 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.moneycontrol.com/india/stockpricequote/miscellaneous/riddhi-siddhi-gluco-biols/RSG01|title=Riddhi Siddhi Gluco Boils-Company Information|publisher=moneycontrol.com, [[CNBC-TV18]]|access-date=19 June 2012}}</ref>

==Cuisine==
[[Image:Uttar Karnataka food.JPG|200px|thumb|right|[[North Karnataka]] meal]]
{{Main|Cuisine of Karnataka}}
Being close to the border with the state of [[Maharashtra]] and [[Goa]], the cuisine in Gokak is influenced by multiple cultures. Delicacies ranging from the chats like [[Bhelpuri]], [[Sevpuri]], [[Dhokla]] to the south Indian dishes like [[Dosa (food)|Dosa]], [[Idli]], [[Vada (food)]], [[Avalakki]], [[Puri Bhaji|Puri Saagu]] can be found. There are a number of restaurants serving [[Indian Chinese cuisine]] like [[chow mein]], [[Manchow soup]], [[Gobi manchurian]], [[Szechwan]] noodles & [[Spring roll]]. Located in northern part of [[Karnataka]], a typical menu of many households would contain [[Bhakri]], [[Chapathi]], [[Eggplant]] curry, [[Kosambari]] or raita, sambhar or Saaru, [[Papad]] or Happala, [[Yogurt]], [[Onions]], [[Chili pepper|Chilli]], [[Rice]], [[Jolada rotti]], [[Akki rotti]], [[Ragi rotti]], [[Pakora]].<ref>{{cite web|title=North Karnataka recipes-Ootak Enaitri|date=18 December 2007 |url=http://girmitt.wordpress.com/about-2/|publisher=girmitt.wordpress.com|access-date=27 March 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=North Karnataka food festival|url=http://www.gourmetindia.com/topic/774-north-karnataka-food-festival/|publisher=gourmetindia.com|access-date=18 August 2008}}</ref>

Gokak is also known for its sweets namely [[Karadantu]], Ladgi ladu, [[Peda]] and Kunda. [[Karadantu]] consists of a number of dry fruits like [[Almond]]s, [[Pistachio]]s, [[Walnut]]s, [[Raisins]], grated [[Coconut]] flakes, [[Jaggery]], [[Cashew]]nut, [[Apricot]] and [[Anjeer]]. Being very nutritious and healthy it supplies a number of nutrients to the people of all ages. There are a number of restaurants in Gokak which serve these speciality sweets. In the recent years it has been exported in small quantities to countries in [[Europe]] and [[North America]]. Apart from Karadantu, Gokak is also known for its {{transl|kn|[[Laddu|Ladagi Ladu]]}}, a ball-shaped popular sweet in [[India]]. It is made using Gram flour, [[Rava (or Suji)|Bombay rava]], [[Dry fruit]]s and ground coconut. These are combined with sugar along with other flavourings, cooked in ghee and moulded into a ball shape. Sometimes [[Laddu|Ladgi Ladu]] are prepared using edible [[resin]] as well.
<ref>{{cite web|title=Gokak Kardantu|url=http://www.gokakkaradant.com/home.html|publisher=gokakkardant.com|access-date=20 April 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=What is Kardantu.|url=http://eruchi.com/what-is-karadant-and-how-to-purchase-it-online/|publisher=eruchi.com|access-date=19 October 2011}}</ref>

==Transportation==
Majority of public transport in Gokak connecting surrounding villages and towns is through city buses run by [[Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation|NWKRTC]] from Gokak bus depot. [[Auto rickshaw]]s are commonly available at a nominal fare for commuting inside the city.<ref>{{cite web|title=How to get to Gokak-falls|url=http://www.hoparoundindia.com/kerala/sangli-attractions-how-to-reach/gokak-water-falls.aspx|publisher=hoparoundindia.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Local transport in Belgaum district|url=http://www.travelchacha.com/cities/karnataka/belgaum.html|publisher=travelchacha.com|access-date=18 December 2011}}</ref>

===Road===
Gokak is connected by road via State Highway 31 ([[Jath]] to [[Jamboti]]) and to [[National Highway 4 (India, old numbering)|National Highway 4]] (exit at Hattargi cross). NWKRTC which is a sub-division of [[Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation|KSRTC]] runs buses from Gokak to all corners of [[Karnataka]] as well as neighbouring states. There are many prominent private bus services which operate across all major destinations in [[Karnataka]], [[Goa]] and [[Maharashtra]]. The other state highways passing through Gokak are State Highway 44 ([[Sankeshwar]] to [[Sangama, Srirangapatna|Sangam]]), State Highway 45 ([[Arabhavi]] to [[Challakere]]), State Highway 103 (Gokak to [[Saundatti]]), State Highway 134 ([[Badami]] to [[National Highway 4 (India, old numbering)|NH 4]] at Hattargi Cross).<ref>{{cite web |title=Karnataka State Highways |url=http://www.kpwd.gov.in/roads.asp#dsh |publisher=Karnataka PWD, Govt. of Karnataka |access-date=10 July 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120502055107/http://www.kpwd.gov.in/roads.asp#dsh |archive-date=2 May 2012 }}</ref>

===Rail===
Gokak Road (Konnur) and [[Ghataprabha]] are the two main railway stations near Gokak located at a distance of about 12 km and 14 km respectively. These stations fall under [[Indian Railways]] grid and are a part of south western division. [[Miraj]] junction, which comes under [[Central Railway Zone]] is the closest railway junctions to Gokak Road station. They are well connected to major cities like Bangalore, Mysore, Mangalore, Pune, Mumbai, Hyderabad, Goa, New Delhi and Chennai.<ref>{{cite web|title=Indian Rail enquiry|url=http://railenquiry.in/arrivingtrains/GKK/Gokak-road|publisher=railenquiry.in}}</ref>

===Air===
The closest Airport to Gokak is [[Belgaum Airport]] which is the Oldest Airport in [[North Karnataka]] located about 60 km southeast in the town of [[Sambra]] . It is the only airport in [[North Karnataka]] with an Airforce base. Belagavi is directly connected with [[Mumbai]] and [[Bangalore]]. The airport is located at 10 km from [[Belgaum]] on SH 20 ([[Belgaum]]–[[Bagalkot]] Road). [[Hubli]] and [[Kolhapur]] are other domestic airports with 125 and 90 km respectively.
[[Goa]]-[[Dabolim]] [[International airport]] is the nearest international airport.

Belgaum Airport currently has [[Spicejet]] flight services to [[Bangalore]], [[Mumbai]],
Other destinations like [[Chennai]], [[Hyderabad]], [[New Delhi]], [[Chandigarh]], [[Ahmedabad]] are also scheduled in recent days.
[[Air India]] has a daily service to [[Pune]].

==Gallery==
<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px" class="center" caption="">
File:Gokak 4.jpg|Gokak Valley from the falls cliffs.
File:Gokak 2.jpg|Gokak Mills.
File:Gokak 3.jpg|View of [[Gokak Falls]] hanging bridge
File:Gokak.jpg|[[Gokak Falls]]
File:Gokak Taluka Map.gif| Gokak taluka map
File:Gokak Falls During Night.jpg|Gokak Falls During Night
</gallery>

==Gokak toys==
Gokak was once famous for its wooden and paper toys. Artificial fruits, vegetables, animals, birds and more are made up of wood and are popularly known as '''Gokak toys'''. These toys are predominantly used as display items at homes and are rarely used by the children as toys.<ref name="lsi">{{cite web |url=http://lsi.gov.in:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/6077/1/43835_1961_HSM.pdf |access-date=21 March 2021}}</ref><ref name="deccanherald">{{cite news |date=20 July 2019 |title=Gokak: a perfect holiday destination |language=en |work=Deccan Herald |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/supplements/travel/gokak-a-perfect-holiday-destination-747959.html |access-date=21 March 2021}}</ref> The [[Karnataka Government]] is mulling of applying for [[Geographical indication]] tag for Gokak toys.<ref name=thehindu>{{cite news |last1=Kidiyoor |first1=Suchith |title=Govt. pulls out all stops to promote over 40 Karnataka GI products |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/government-pulls-out-all-the-stops-to-promote-over-40-state-gi-products/article29185750.ece/amp/ |access-date=21 March 2021 |work=The Hindu |date=21 August 2019 |language=en-IN}}</ref>

==Books==
A book named ''[https://dspace.gipe.ac.in/xmlui/handle/10973/28349 The Life and Living in the Rural Karnatak: (with Reference to Gokak Taluka)]'' by Madhukar Narasinha Desai gives an account of rural conditions with respect to Gokak taluka in the Bombay Karnataka.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Narain |first1=Dhirendra |last2=Sociology |first2=University of Bombay Department of |last3=Research |first3=Indian Council of Social Science |title=Research in Sociology: Abstracts of M.A. and Ph. D. Dissertations Completed in the Department of Sociology, University of Bombay |year=1989 |publisher=Concept Publishing Company |isbn=978-81-7022-235-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y0yED5k62TsC&q=The+Life+and+Living+in+the+Rural+Karnatak&pg=PA440 |access-date=20 November 2020 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Desai |first1=Madhukar Narasinha |title=The Life and Living in the Rural Karnatak: (with Reference to Gokak Taluka) |year=1960 |publisher=Anand Publishers |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qiURAQAAIAAJ&q=the+life+and+living+in+the+rural+karnatak |access-date=20 November 2020 }}</ref>

==Neighboring locations==
* [[Ajjanakatti, Gokak]]
*[[Konnur]]

==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

{{Geographic Location
|Centre = Gokak Taluka
|North = [[Raybag|Raybag Taluka]]
|Northeast = [[Bagalkot district]]
|East = [[Bagalkot district]]
|Southeast = [[Ramdurg|Ramdurg Taluka]]
|South = [[Saundatti|Saundatti Taluka]]
|Southwest = [[Belagavi|Belagavi Taluka]]
|West = [[Hukkeri|Hukkeri Taluka]]
|Northwest = [[Chikkodi|Chikkodi Taluka]]
}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050707015155/http://www.gokakcity.gov.in/ Official website of the City of Gokak]
* [http://www.belgaum.nic.in/map/index.html Maps for administrative divisions of Belagavi district]
* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Gokak|short=x}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Belagavi district]]
[[Category:Forts in Karnataka]]

IndianPedia - User contributions [en]

Gokak