IndianPedia - User contributions [en]

Clinical trials on Ayurveda

2021-09-14T15:05:34Z

14.139.128.43:

'''Clinical trials on Ayurveda''' refers to any [[clinical trials]] done on [[Ayurveda|Ayurvedic treatment]]. Ayurveda is a [[traditional medicine]] system in India and like other cultural medical practices includes both [[conventional medicine]] and also [[complementary and alternative medicine]]. When there are clinical trials in Ayurveda, the focus tends to be on practices in alternative medicine.

A 2017 essay described that in India, Ayurveda is inadequately equipped to manage many modern diseases, owing to insufficient research and development.<ref name="Goyal 2017">{{cite journal |last1=Goyal |first1=M |title=Clinical trials in Ayurveda: Issues, challenges and approaches. |journal=Ayu |date=2017 |volume=38 |issue=1–2 |pages=1–2 |doi=10.4103/ayu.AYU_51_18 |pmid=29861583|pmc=5954257 }}</ref> The essay argued that clinical trials in Ayurveda should focus on areas outside the scope of modern medicine.<ref name="Goyal 2017"/>

Also, while there is a short history of clinical research on Ayurvedic treatments, there is no existing systematic review available which identifies all the studies and interprets them as a whole.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Goyal |first1=M |title=Need of systematic review of clinical trials in Ayurveda. |journal=Ayu |date=2017 |volume=38 |issue=3–4 |pages=95–96 |doi=10.4103/ayu.AYU_115_18 |pmid=30254385|pmc=6153911 }}</ref>

Educational organizations which teach Ayurveda require training if they are to design clinical trials on Ayurvedic treatments.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Patwardhan |first1=K |last2=Prasad |first2=BS |last3=Aftab |first3=A |last4=Raghunath More |first4=V |last5=Savrikar |first5=SS |title=Research orientation in Ayurveda educational institutions: Challenges and the way forward. |journal=Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine |date=2019 |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=45–49 |doi=10.1016/j.jaim.2018.12.001 |pmid=30770172|pmc=6470304 }}</ref>

As of 2016 the [[Clinical Trials Registry - India]] contained approximately 200 records of clinical trials on Ayurvedic treatments.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sridharan |first1=K |last2=Sivaramakrishnan |first2=G |title=Clinical trials in Ayurveda: Analysis of clinical trial registry of India. |journal=Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine |date=2016 |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=141–143 |doi=10.1016/j.jaim.2016.08.009 |pmid=27658912|pmc=5052373 }}</ref>

==List of clinical trials==
Of all the recorded clinical trials, the following treatments are those for which there are [[meta-analysis|meta-analyses]] of multiple trials:
*''[[Bacopa monnieri]]'' for [[cognitive skill]]<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kongkeaw |first1=Chuenjid |last2=Dilokthornsakul |first2=Piyameth |last3=Thanarangsarit |first3=Phurit |last4=Limpeanchob |first4=Nanteetip |last5=Norman Scholfield |first5=C. |title=Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on cognitive effects of Bacopa monnieri extract |journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology |date=January 2014 |volume=151 |issue=1 |pages=528–535 |doi=10.1016/j.jep.2013.11.008|pmid=24252493 }}</ref>
*''[[Withania somnifera]]'' for [[anxiety]]<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Pratte |first1=MA |last2=Nanavati |first2=KB |last3=Young |first3=V |last4=Morley |first4=CP |title=An alternative treatment for anxiety: a systematic review of human trial results reported for the Ayurvedic herb ashwagandha (Withania somnifera). |journal=Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine |date=December 2014 |volume=20 |issue=12 |pages=901–8 |doi=10.1089/acm.2014.0177 |pmid=25405876|pmc=4270108 }}</ref>
*treatment for [[osteoarthritis]]<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kessler |first1=CS |last2=Pinders |first2=L |last3=Michalsen |first3=A |last4=Cramer |first4=H |title=Ayurvedic interventions for osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. |journal=Rheumatology International |date=February 2015 |volume=35 |issue=2 |pages=211–32 |doi=10.1007/s00296-014-3095-y |pmid=25062981|s2cid=4504888 }}</ref>
*[[Yoga]] as treatment<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Cramer |first1=Holger |last2=Lauche |first2=Romy |last3=Langhorst |first3=Jost |last4=Dobos |first4=Gustav |title=Are Indian yoga trials more likely to be positive than those from other countries? A systematic review of randomized controlled trials |journal=Contemporary Clinical Trials |date=March 2015 |volume=41 |pages=269–272 |doi=10.1016/j.cct.2015.02.005|pmid=25705015 }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Ayurveda]]
[[Category:Clinical trials]]

Hogenakkal Falls water dispute

2021-06-27T09:04:53Z

14.139.128.43:

{{EngvarB|date=April 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2014}}
The '''Hogenakkal Water Dispute''' is a [[water conflict|conflict]] between the Indian states of [[Tamil Nadu]] and [[Karnataka]] over the implementation of [[Hogenakkal Integrated Drinking Water Project]], whose [[foundation stone]] was laid in February 2008. The [[Rupee|Rs.]] 13.34 billion project envisages water supply to 4040,000 people in the [[Dental fluorosis|fluorosis]] affected [[Dharmapuri district|Dharmapuri]] and [[Krishnagiri district|Krishnagiri]] districts of Tamil Nadu.<ref>[http://www.ibnlive.com/news/karunanidhi-asks-centre-to-intervene-in-water-war/62433-3.html IBNlive: Karunanidhi asks Centre to intervene in water war]</ref>

==Background==

===Kaveri water dispute===
{{main|Kaveri river water dispute}}
Water from [[Kaveri river]] has been a bone of contention between the states of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu and its erstwhile [[Kingdom of Mysore]] and [[Madras Presidency]] and thus a century old dispute.<ref name="pdf">{{cite web |url=http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/bcid/research/papers/Paper3.pdf |access-date=2007-08-13 |publisher=[[University of Bradford]] |author=P. B. Anand |title=Water and identity – An analysis of the Cauvery river water dispute. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070709210811/http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/bcid/research/papers/Paper3.pdf |archive-date=9 July 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref> As part of several reconciliation measures taken to ease the crisis the Union Water Resource Ministry of [[Government of India]] convened a meeting between the representatives of the states in which Governments of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu agreed on two projects, drinking water for Bangalore city in Karnataka drawn from KRS Dam and other in Hogenakkal in Tamil Nadu.<ref name=indianex/>
According to the project, at a particular spot in the waterfall water from the Cauvery is to be drawn and distributed to people of Tamil Nadu.<ref>[http://www.timesnow.tv/Newsdtls.aspx?NewsID=6979 TimesNow – Who's Hogenakkal is it, anyway?]</ref> Karnataka agreed to abide by the conditions imposed by the Union Water Resources Ministry if Tamil Nadu withdrew its objections to Cauvery water being used to augment supply to [[Bangalore]] for which Tamil Nadu had voiced objections but Tamil Nadu later withdrew its objections to Karnataka using its share of Cauvery water for supply to Bangalore.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080408041355/http://www.hindu.com/2008/04/05/stories/2008040557820100.htm The 1998 story of Hogenakkal] The Hindu</ref> The project was put on hold after widespread protests in Karnataka.

===Hogenakkal island (unnamed) ownership dispute===
Hogenakkal is part of [[Koothapadi]] [[panchayat]] village within the [[Pennagaram]] sub-district of Dharmapuri district.,<ref>[http://omms.nic.in/aspnet/Citizens/DG/05DVC/CensusStatus.aspx?state=TN&district=4&block=3&reportLevel=3 Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana – Census List]</ref> but the ownership of a piece of an uninhabited island near the waterfalls is contested by Karnataka and this further strains the relationship between the states.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080318181312/http://www.hindu.com/2008/03/14/stories/2008031455040600.htm The Hindu – Joint survey of island at Hogenakkal postponed]</ref><ref name="timesofindia.indiatimes.com">[https://web.archive.org/web/20121020061749/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-04-01/india/27778785_1_hogenakkal-issue-karnataka-bjp-h-n-ananth-kumar Time of India – Hogenakkal issue: Karnataka BJP wants Centre to intervene]</ref><ref name="livemint1">[http://www.livemint.com/2008/04/06230338/Hogenakkal-issue-Time-to-love.html Livemint – Hogenakkal issue: Time to love thy neighbour?]</ref>

==Karnataka perspective==
Karnataka is opposed to the project on the grounds that its share of the Kaveri waters will be affected and that the picturesque waterfall belongs to it (based on erstwhile topographical map of [[Madras Presidency]]), thereby alleging that the drinking water project at Hogenakkal is illegal.<ref name="timesofindia.indiatimes.com"/><ref name="livemint1"/>

==Tamil Nadu perspective==
The Hogenakkal project was approved in 1998 by Union government of India. The project just like the Bangalore project an extra demand on the neighbouring state for Cauvery water since each state would use its share. [https://web.archive.org/web/20080405182956/http://www.hindu.com/2008/04/01/stories/2008040160980100.htm The Hindu – Karnataka gave consent in 1998 to Hogenakkal project: Tamil Nadu]

==Timeline==
* May 1997 – States of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu agree on two projects to be set for both power and irrigation, with one in [[Mekedatu]] in Karnataka and other in Hogenakkal in Tamil Nadu.<ref name=indianex>[http://www.indianexpress.com/res/web/pIe/ie/daily/19970502/12250523.html The Indian Express- Cauvery water talks caught in local politics]</ref>
* 26 February 2008 – [[List of Chief Ministers of Tamil Nadu|Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu]], [[M. Karunanidhi]] laid the foundation stone for the project.
* 16 March 2008 – [[Chief Minister of Karnataka]], [[B.S. Yeddyurappa]] organised a protest at [[Hogenakkal Falls|Hogenakkal]] against the project.
* 27 March 2008 – the Tamil Nadu Assembly adopted a resolution, urging the Centre to extend "full cooperation and help" in executing the project.
* 31 March 2008 – Karnataka state government requested Tamil Nadu to stop all development projects at Hogenakkal. It sought Central Government's intervention to resolve the controversy.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080407225501/http://www.hindu.com/2008/04/01/stories/2008040157670100.htm The Hindu – Tamil Nadu urged to stop work on Hogenakkal water supply project]</ref>
* 2 April 2008 – Widespread protests across Karnataka against the project.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://news.in.msn.com/national/article.aspx?cp-documentid=1320539 |title=MSN News: Hogenakkal row: Time to show restraint |access-date=5 April 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080408015636/http://news.in.msn.com/national/article.aspx?cp-documentid=1320539 |archive-date=8 April 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* 5 April 2008 – Chief Minister Karunanidhi announced that the project would be put on hold until a new government assumes charge in Karnataka.<ref>[http://www.indianexpress.com/sunday/story/293058.html Indian Express: TN Govt puts Hogenakkal project on hold]</ref>
* 17 June 2008 – unit office of the Hogenakkal water supply project was opened at Oddapatti near Dharmapuri .<ref>[http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/thscrip/print.pl?file=2008061953740400.htm&date=2008/06/19/&prd=th&]</ref>

==See also==
*[[Hogenakkal Falls]]
*[[Hogenakkal Integrated Drinking Water Project]]
*[[Kaveri River Water Dispute]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080407045723/http://sify.com/news/specials/hogenakkalrow/ Sify – Falls Alarm – Hogenakkal: Old war, new battle]

[[Category:1990s in Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:1990s in Karnataka]]
[[Category:2000s in Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:2000s in Karnataka]]
[[Category:Inter-state disputes in India]]
[[Category:Water disputes in India]]

H. R. Krishnamurthy

2021-03-07T03:19:58Z

14.139.128.43:

{{short description|Indian theoretical physicist}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}}
{{Infobox scientist
| honorific_prefix = Prof.
| name = H. R. Krishnamurthy
| honorific_suffix =
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| image = 
| image_size =
| image_upright =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name = 
| birth_date = 1951
| birth_place =
| death_date = 
| death_place =
| death_cause =
| resting_place =
| resting_place_coordinates = 
| other_names =
| pronounce =
| residence = [[India]]
| citizenship = [[India]]
| nationality = [[Indian people|Indian]]
| fields = {{ublist | [[Condensed matter physics]]}}
| workplaces = {{ublist | [[Indian Institute of Science]]}}
| patrons =
| education =
| alma_mater = [[Cornell University]]
| thesis_title = 
| thesis_url = 
| thesis_year = 
| doctoral_advisor = [[Kenneth G. Wilson]], [[John W. Wilkins]]
| academic_advisors =
| doctoral_students = [[Madan Rao]], [[Pinaki Majumdar]], [[Tathagat Avatar Tulsi]]
| notable_students =
| known_for = [[numerical renormalization group|Numerical Renormalization Group]], [[Anderson impurity model|Anderson Impurity Model]], [[High-temperature superconductivity|High T<sub>c</sub> Superconductors]], [[Superfluidity]], [[Ultracold atom|Ultracold Quantum Gases]], [[optical lattice|Optical Lattices]]
| influences =
| influenced =
| awards = {{ublist| 1967 National Science Talent Search Scholarship | 1970 Karnataka state Award | 1973 IBM Graduate Fellowship | 1983 Science Academy Medal for Young Scientists | 2000 DAE-Raja Ramanna Prize | 1983 IISc Alumni Award for Excellence in Research for Science | 2006 J C Bose National Fellowship, Department of Science and Technology, Government of India | 2016 CNR Rao Vijnana Puraskara}}
| author_abbrev_bot =
| author_abbrev_zoo =
| spouse =
| partner = 
| children =
| signature = 
| signature_alt =
| website = http://www.physics.iisc.ac.in/~hrkrish/
| footnotes =
}}

'''Hulikal Ramaiengar Krishnamurthy''' (born 1951) is an Indian theoretical physicist. He specializes in theoretical condensed matter physics, especially quantum many-body theory and statistical physics.<ref name="View Bhatnagar Awardees">{{Cite web |url=https://www.icts.res.in/news/h-r-krishnamurthy-elected-fellow-twas |title=H. R. Krishnamurthy Elected Fellow of TWAS |date=2011-11-28 |publisher=[[International Centre for Theoretical Sciences]] |access-date=2018-06-29}}</ref> He was the chairman of the Department of Physics, [[Indian Institute of Science]].<ref>[http://www.physics.iisc.ernet.in/people-faculty.php Faculty: Department of Physics]. [[Indian Institute of Science]]. Retrieved 29 July 2013.</ref> He is one of the research scholars who worked under Kenneth G. Wilson. His most well-known work is titled ''Renormalization Group Approach to the Anderson Model of Dilute Magnetic Alloys''.<ref>[http://www.physics.iisc.ernet.in/~hrkrish/publications.htm Publications: H. R. Krishnamurthy]. [[Indian Institute of Science]]. Retrieved 29 July 2013.</ref>

== Biography ==
[[File:IISc Admin Building.jpg|thumb|left|Indian Institute of Science]]
Krishnamurthy obtained his BSc (Hons) in Physics (1970) from Bangalore University and MSc (Physics) (1972) from [[Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur|IIT, Kanpur]]. He studied in [[Cornell University]] (1972–76) as an IBM fellow, working with [[Kenneth G. Wilson]] and [[John W. Wilkins]]. In his PhD thesis, he extended Wilson's [[numerical renormalization group]] solution for the [[Kondo Effect|Kondo problem]] to the symmetric [[Anderson impurity model]].<ref>{{cite journal | url=https://journals.aps.org/prb/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevB.21.1003 | first1=H. R. | last1=Krishnamurthy | first2=J. W. | last2=Wilkins | first3=K. G. | last3=Wilson | title=Renormalization-group approach to the Anderson model of dilute magnetic alloys. I. Static properties for the symmetric case | journal=Physical Review B | volume=21 | issue=1003 | date=1 February 1980 | accessdate=13 May 2018 | doi=10.1103/PhysRevB.21.1003 }}</ref> The extension to the asymmetric case was completed during his post-doctoral tenure (1976–78) at the University of Illinois. Krishnamurthy returned to India and joined the Department of Physics, IISc, Bangalore (1978) and became a Professor (1996). He has held sabbatical positions at Princeton University, Harvard University, Ohio State University, University of Cincinnati, UC Davis and Georgetown University.

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Krishnamurthy, H. R.}}
[[Category:1951 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Cornell University alumni]]
[[Category:Indian condensed matter physicists]]
[[Category:Indian Institute of Science faculty]]
[[Category:Bangalore University alumni]]

{{india-physicist-stub}}