Kadaknath

2022-07-27T22:17:08Z

172.70.218.68:

{{Short description|Breed of chicken}}
{{For|other dark-meat chickens|Black chicken (disambiguation){{!}}Black chicken}}

{{infobox poultry breed
| name = Kadaknath Chicken
| image = கடக்நாத் சேவல்.jpg
| image_size =
| alt =
| image_caption =
| status =
| altname = Black chicken/black hen
| country = [[India]]
| distribution =
| standard =
| use = Dual-purpose breed: eggs, meat
| nickname = Kali Masi
| apa =
| aba =
| aps =
| ee =
| pcgb =
| maleweight = 1.8kg - 2kg
| femaleweight = 1.2kg - 1.4kg
| skincolor = Greyish Black with a Turquoise glow
| eggcolor = Cream
| comb =
| note =
}}

'''Kadaknath''', also called '''Kali Masi''' ("fowl having black flesh"), is an Indian breed of [[chicken]]. They originated from [[Dhar]] and [[Jhabua]], [[Madhya Pradesh]]. These birds are mostly bred by the rural and tribals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Breeds Selection |url=http://agrigoaexpert.res.in/icar/category/animals_husbandry/animal_production/poultry/chicken/backyard/breed.php |publisher=ICAR-CCARI |access-date=2019-12-31}}</ref> There are three varieties: jet black, golden and pencilled.<ref>{{cite journal|journal=Indian Journal of Biotechnology |volume=6 |year=2007 |pages=205–209 |title=Analysis of genetic relationship among three varieties of indigenous Kadaknath breed using 25 chicken microsatellite markers |author1=Parmar, S N S|author2=Tolenkhomba, T C|author3=M S Thakur| author4= C G Joshi| author5= D N Rank|author6=J V Solanki| author7= P N Srivastava| author8= P V A Pillai|url= http://nopr.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/3029/1/IJBT%206(2)%20205-209.pdf}}</ref> The meat from this breed has a [[geographical indication]] (GI Tag) tag that was approved by the Indian government on 30 July 2018.<ref>{{Cite news|url= https://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/famous-kadaknath-chicken-meat-from-jhabua-of-mp-gets-geographical-indication-tag/1267723/ |title=Famous Kadaknath chicken meat from Jhabua of C.G. gets Geographical Indication tag|date=2018-08-02 |work=The Financial Express |access-date=2018-08-04 |language=en-US}}</ref>

==Breed==
The Kadaknath is popular for its adaptability and its grey-black meat,<ref>{{cite journal|url= http://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?target=ijor:jbvc&volume=12&issue=1and2&article=023 |last1=Belsare |first1=R. M. |first2=S.G. |last2=Narayankhedkar |year=2004 |title=Relative selection efficiency and expected selection estimates in Kadakanath breed of poultry |journal=The Journal of Bombay Veterinary College |volume=12 |issue=1-2 |pages=64–65}}</ref> which is believed to infuse vigour.<ref name="timesindia">{{cite news|url= https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/For-kadaknath-lovers-party-no-bar/articleshow/3757718.cms |title=For 'kadaknath' lovers, party no bar |last=Mahapatra |first=Dhananjay |date=2008-11-26 |work=[[The Times of India]] |accessdate=2019-12-31}}</ref> Its colour is caused by [[melanin]]. The breed is considered to have originated from the Kathiwar Alirajapur jungles in [[Jhabua district]] of Madhya Pradesh.<ref name=KPC>{{Cite web|url= https://www.kvkjhabua.org/2018/09/Kadkanath-Poultry-Chicks.html |title=कड़कनाथ मुर्गीपालन |language=hi |access-date=2019-12-30}}</ref>

The [[rooster]]s weigh {{cvt|1.8|-|2|kg|lb}} and the hens {{cvt|1.2|-|1.5|kg|lb}}.<ref name=KPC /> Kadaknath hens' eggs are brown with a slightly pink tint;<ref name=KPC /> they are poor setters and rarely hatch their own brood. Eggs weigh an average of {{cvt|30|-|35|g|oz}}.<ref name=KPC />

===Colour===
Kadaknath birds are grey-black all over and have gold plumage with greenish [[iridescence]]. The greyish black colour is present in the legs and toenails, beak, tongue, comb and wattles; even the meat, bones and organs have grey colouration.

==Threat of extinction==
Due to the relatively high consumption of the breed, its numbers have sharply declined throughout the years. To save the breed from extinction, the state government started a Kadaknath poultry breeding program involving 500 families who are [[Below Poverty Line (India)|below the poverty line]], who were to receive financial support and assistance.<ref name="timesindia"/>{{when|date=December 2019}}

==Scams==
Because of the limited availability and increased popularity of the breed since the mid-2000s, there have been multiple types of scams in which both poultry farmers and consumers have been swindled.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/mumbai/other/kadaknath-chicken-scheme-fraud-four-officials-of-poultry-firm-held-after-farmers-lodge-firs/articleshow/71164600.cms|title='Kadaknath' chicken scheme fraud: Four officials of poultry firm held after farmers lodge FIRs|website=Mumbai Mirror}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/karnataka/2019/sep/15/kadaknath-poultry-scam-farmers-who-took-loan-to-invest-worst-hit-2033835.html|title=Kadaknath poultry scam: Farmers who took loan to invest worst hit|website=The New Indian Express}}
In West Bengal a similar type of poultry fraud was made by a lady(Annwesha Mukherjee) in south 24 parganas cheating about 200 farmers.
</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolhapur/kadaknath-poultry-scam-one-more-case-registered-in-satara-district/articleshow/71029721.cms|title=Kadaknath poultry scam: One more case registered in Satara district | Kolhapur News - Times of India|website=The Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/kadaknath-chicken-scam-three-arrested-for-duping-farmers-119091701521_1.html|title=Kadaknath chicken scam: three arrested for duping farmers|agency=Press Trust of India|date=September 17, 2019|via=Business Standard}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist|colwidth=35em}}

{{Chicken breeds originating in India}}

[[Category:Chicken breeds originating in India]]
[[Category:Chicken breeds]]
[[Category:National symbols of India]]

{{poultry-stub}}

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Kadaknath