Khanakul II

2026-04-09T23:06:00Z

174.104.137.194:

{{Infobox settlement
| name = Khanakul II
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| settlement_type = Community development block
| image_skyline = DARGAHI PARA MOSQUE, HIRAPUR - panoramio.jpg
| image_alt = File:Khanakul-II in Hooghly (West Bengal).svg
| image_caption = Dargahi Para Mosque, Khanakul II
| nickname =
| pushpin_map =
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in West Bengal, India
| coordinates = {{coord|22.6615021|N|87.8980064|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Hooghly district|Hooghly]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = [[Representative democracy]]
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 121.83
| area_rank =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 6
| population_total = 184,734
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_footnotes =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rank =
| population_demonym =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 712417 (Rajhati Bandar), 712416 (Natibpur), 712406 (Khanakul)
| area_code = 03211
| area_code_type = [[Subscriber Trunk Dialling|STD]]
| registration_plate = [[List of RTO districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-15, [[List of RTO districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-16, [[List of RTO districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-18
| blank1_name_sec1 = Literacy
| blank1_info_sec1 = 79.16%
| website = {{URL|hooghly.gov.in/}}
| footnotes =
| demographics1_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[English language|English]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Arambagh (Lok Sabha constituency)|Arambagh]]
| blank3_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank3_info_sec1 = [[Khanakul (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Khanakul]]
}}
'''Khanakul II''' is a [[Community development block in India|community development block]] that forms an administrative division in [[Arambag subdivision]] of [[Hooghly district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]].

==Overview==
The Khanakul II CD Block is part of the Dwarakeswar-Damodar inter-riverine plain with [[alluvium|alluvial]] soil. The [[Mundeswari River|Mundeswari]] flows through the region, carrying water from the [[Damodar River|Damodar]] and joins the [[Rupnarayan River|Rupnarayan]] at the tri-junction of the [[Hooghly district|Hooghly]], [[Howrah district|Howrah]] and [[Purba Medinipur district|Purba Medinipur]] districts.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1912_PART_A_DCHB_HUGLI.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Hugli, Series-20, Part XIIA | work= Physiography, Page 17-24|publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 15 June 2017 }}</ref> It is a flood prone area.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.hooghly.gov.in/disaster/Affected_Flood_Areas.htm | title = Identification of areas vulnerable to floods and water logging | publisher = Hooghly district administration | access-date = 15 June 2017 | archive-date = 31 July 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170731004430/http://www.hooghly.gov.in/disaster/Affected_Flood_Areas.htm | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/Bengal-floods-50-killed-lakhs-left-homeless/articleshow/48322748.cms |title = Bengal floods: 50 killed, lakhs left homeless | work= Kolkata |publisher= The Times of India, 3 August 2015 | access-date = 15 June 2017 }}</ref>

==Geography==
[[File:Map of hooghly district .jpg|thumb|500 px|left|Map of Hooghly district showing CD blocks and municipal areas]]
[[File:Khanakul-II CD block map.svg|thumb|right|Map of Khanakul II CD block Sowing GP areas]]
Natibpur, a constituent panchayat of Khanakul II block, is located at {{coord|22.6615021|N|87.8980064|E|format=dms|}}.

Khanakul II CD Block is bounded by [[Khanakul I]] CD Block in the north, [[Udaynarayanpur (community development block)|Udaynarayanpur]] CD Block, in Howrah district, in the east, [[Amta II]] CD Block, in Howrah district, in the south, and [[Daspur II (community development block)|Daspur II]] and [[Ghatal (community development block)|Ghatal]] CD Blocks, in Paschim Medinipur district, in the west.

It is located 72 km from [[Chinsurah]], the district headquarters.

Khanakul II CD Block has an area of 121.83 km<sup>2</sup>. It has 1 [[Panchayat Samiti (Block)|panchayat samity]], 11 [[gram panchayat]]s, 145 gram sansads (village councils), 53 [[mouza]]s and 52 inhabited villages. [[Khanakul#Police station|Khanakul]] police station serves this block.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Hooghly |work = Tables 2.1, 2.2 |publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal |access-date = 15 October 2018 |archive-date = 21 January 2019 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |url-status = dead }}</ref> Headquarters of this CD Block is at Khanakul.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1912_PART_A_DCHB_HUGLI.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Hugli, Series-20, Part XIIA | work= Map of Hooghly district with CD Block HQs and Police Stations (on the fifth page) |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 1 June 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.hooghlyzp.org/html/khanakul_II.html | title = Khanakul II| work= Local Self-government| access-date = 6 June 2017 | publisher = Hooghly Zilla Parishad}}</ref>

[[Gram panchayat]]s of Khanakul II block/ panchayat samiti are: Chingra, Dhanyaghori, Jagatpur, Marokhana, Natibpur I, Natibpur II, Palaspai I, Palaspai II, Rajhati I, Rajhati II and Sabal Singhapur.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://wbprd.gov.in/HtmlPage/PANCHAYATS.aspx |title = Directory of District, Subdivision, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal |work = Hooghly – Revised in March 2008 | publisher= Panchayats and Rural Development Department, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 16 May 2016}}</ref>

==Demographics==
===Population===
As per the [[2011 Census of India]], Khanakul II CD Block had a total population of 184,734, all of which were rural. There were 93,379 (51%) males and 90,755 (49%) females. Population below 6 years was 22,035. [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Castes]] numbered 55,544 (30.07%) and [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Tribes]] numbered 29 (0.02%).<ref name=census2011>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/cdb_pca_census/Houselisting-housing-WB.html |title = C.D. Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA) | work= 2011 census: West Bengal – District-wise CD Blocks|publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 26 May 2016}}</ref>

As per the 2001 census, Khanakul II block had a total population of 160,861, out of which 79,564 were males and 81,297 were females. Khanakul II block registered a population growth of 6.90 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for Hooghly district was 15.72 per cent.<ref name=census>{{cite web|url= http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_12.htm|title=Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4 |access-date=2011-01-20 |work=Census of India 2001 – Hooghly district |publisher=Census Commission of India |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110928211036/http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_12.htm|archive-date=September 28, 2011 }}</ref> Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm |title=Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4 |access-date=2011-01-20 |work=Census of India 2001 |publisher=Census Commission of India |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927041813/http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm |archive-date=September 27, 2007}}</ref>

Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Khanakul II CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Hirapur (5,486), Ramchandrapur (5,299), Kaknan (5,833), Dhanyaghari (5,482), Ghoradaha (6,707), Jagatpur (7,142), Bara Nandanpur (4,763), Nandanpur (7,778), Marakhana (5,526), Hayatpur (7,805), Harish Chak (9,705), Sabalsinghapur (10,109), Rajhati (6,677), Routkhana (6,114), Ranjitbati (4,208), Chinra (12,924), [[Natibpur, Hooghly|Natibpur]] (6,466), Balpai (5,856), Palashpai (6,450) and Mostafapur (5,670).<ref name=census2011/>

===Literacy===
As per the 2011 census the total number of literates in Khanakul II CD Block was 128,790 (79.16% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 71,206 (86.12% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 57,584 (71.96% of the female population over 6 years). The [[Literacy#Gender disparities|gender disparity]] (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 14.16%.<ref name=census2011/>

As per the 2001 census, Khanakul II block had a total literacy of 49.27 per cent. While male literacy was 72.54 per cent, female literacy was 38.76 per cent.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.hooghlyzp.org/html/khanakul_II.html | title = Khanakul II| work= Local Self-government| access-date = 2011-08-04 | publisher = Hooghly Zilla Parishad}}</ref>

See also – [[List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate]]

{{Literacy in CD Blocks of Hooghly district|collapsible=y}}

===Language and religion===

{{bar box
|title=Religion in Khanakul II CD block (2011)<ref name="religion"/>
|titlebar=#FCD116
|left1=
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in West Bengal|Hinduism]]|darkorange|84.21}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam in West Bengal|Islam]]|green|15.67}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.12}}
}}

As per the 2011 census, majority of the population of the district belong to the Hindu community with a population share of 82.9% followed by Muslims at 15.8%. The percentage of the Hindu population of the district has followed a decreasing trend from 87.1% in 1961 to 82.9% in the latest census 2011. On the other hand, the percentage of Muslim population has increased from 12.7% in 1961 to 15.8% in 2011 census.<ref name=census2>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1912_PART_A_DCHB_HUGLI.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Hugli, Series-20, Part XIIA | work= Religion, Mother-tongue Pages 50-51|publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 1 June 2017 }}</ref>

In 2011 census Hindus numbered 155,566 and formed 84.21% of the population in Khanakul II CD Block. Muslims numbered 28,946 and formed 15.67% of the population. Others numbered 222 and formed 0.12% of the population.<ref name="religion">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11396/download/14509/DDW19C-01%20MDDS.XLS |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

[[Bengali language|Bengali]] is the predominant language, spoken by 99.95% of the population.<ref name="languages">{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10226/download/13338/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1900.XLSX |website=www.censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

==Administration==
===Zilla Parishad===
Khanakul II has 3 [[District council (India)|Zilla Parishad]] seats. The latest elections were held in [[2023 West Bengal local elections|July 2023]] where the [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] won 2 seats and the [[Trinamool Congress]] won 1 seat.

{| class="wikitable sortable" width="75%" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! Zilla Parishad
! ZP No.
! Councillor
! colspan="2" | Party
! Remarks
|-
| rowspan=3| Khanakul-II || 51 || Kashinath Mondal || {{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress}}
|
|-
| 52 || [[Susanta Ghosh (Khanakul politician)|Susanta Ghosh]] || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=2}}
|
|-
| 53 || Kalipada Adhikari
|
|}

===Panchayat Samiti===
Khanakul II [[Panchayat samiti|Panchayat Samiti]] has 33 wards. The latest elections were held in [[2023 West Bengal local elections|July 2023]] where the [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] captured this block from the [[Trinamool Congress]] by winning a simple majority of 18 wards against Trinamool's 15.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://portal.wbsec.org/|title=2023 WB Local Election Results|work=SEC West Bengal|accessdate=2 January 2026}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" width="75%" style="text-align:center;"
|-
!style="background-color:#F98C1F; color:white" colspan=8|Chairperson: Rumpa Mondal
|-
!style="background-color:#F98C1F; color:white" colspan=8|Deputy Chairperson: Arun Mohish
|-
! Gram Panchayat
! No.
! Councillor
! colspan="2" | Party
! Remarks
|-
| rowspan=3| Rajhati-I || 1 || Dipali Bag || {{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress|rowspan=3}}
|
|-
| 2 || Amit Changdar
|
|-
| 3 || Joytsna Buduk
|
|-
| rowspan=3| Dhannyaghori || 4 || Anup Dolui || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=9}}
|
|-
| 5 || Rumpa Mondal
|
|-
| 6 || Rabindranath Patel
|
|-
| rowspan=3| Jagatpur || 7 || Bishnupriya Kanji
|
|-
| 8 || Kabita Maity
|
|-
| 9 || Tarun Maji
|
|-
| rowspan=3| Rajhati-II || 10 || Mithun Santra
|
|-
| 11 || Rama Patra
|
|-
| 12 || Uma Ghosh
|
|-
| rowspan=3| Natibpur-I || 13 || Munshi Firoz Ahamed || {{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress|rowspan=3}}
|
|-
| 14 || Haridas Charchari
|
|-
| 15 || Bijali Lahari
|
|-
| rowspan=3| Chingra || 16 || Arun Mohish || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=3}}
|
|-
| 17 || Kajali Mondal
|
|-
| 18 || Radharani Biswas
|
|-
| rowspan=3| Palaspai-I || 19 || Pratap Bag || {{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress}}
|
|-
| 20 || Umesh Adhikari || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|
|-
| 21 || Babita Dey || {{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress}}
|
|-
| rowspan=3| Natibpur-II || 22 || Rupali Karmakar || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|
|-
| 23 || Mushtaq Ali Mallick || {{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress}}
|
|-
| 24 || Janakinath Adak || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|
|-
| rowspan=3| Sabalsinghapur || 25 || Ajmira Begum || {{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress|rowspan=3}}
|
|-
| 26 || Shabnam Khatun
|
|-
| 27 || Iqbal Hossain Khan
|
|-
| rowspan=3| Marokhana || 28 || Soumen Mondal || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=3}}
|
|-
| 29 || Kakoli Santra
|
|-
| 30 || Sujata Mondal
|
|-
| rowspan=3| Palaspai-II || 31 || Nur Nabi Mandal || {{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress|rowspan=3}}
|
|-
| 32 || Utpal Das
|
|-
| 33 || Karunamoy Jana
|
|}

===Gram Panchayats===
Khanakul II [[Panchayat samiti|Panchayat Samiti]] has 11 villages or [[Gram panchayat|gram panchayats]]. The latest elections were held in [[2023 West Bengal local elections|July 2023]] where the [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] won majority of the villages.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://portal.wbsec.org/|title=2023 WB Local Election Results|work=SEC West Bengal|accessdate=2 January 2026}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan=4 align="Centre" |No.
! rowspan=4 align="Centre" |Gram Panchayat
! rowspan=4 align="Centre" |Total Seats
|{{party color cell|Trinamool Congress}}
|{{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|colspan="3" {{party color cell|Sanjukta Morcha}}
|{{party color cell|Independent}}
!rowspan=4 colspan=2|Majority
|-
!rowspan=3|[[Trinamool Congress|AITC]]
!rowspan=3|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
!colspan="3"|[[Secular Democratic Alliance|Sanjukta Morcha]]
!rowspan=3|Others
|-
|{{party color cell|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
|{{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|{{party color cell|Indian Secular Front}}
|-
![[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]]
![[Indian National Congress|INC]]
![[Indian Secular Front|ISF]]
|-
!1
|Rajhati-I
|'''18'''
|9
|9
|colspan=3|0
|0
| align=center style="background-color:#B2B2B2; color:black"|Tied
|-
!2
|Dhannyaghori
|'''18'''
|2
|16
|colspan=3|0
|0
| align=center style="background-color:#FF9933; color:black"|BJP
|-
!3
|Jagatpur
|'''20'''
|2
|18
|colspan=3|0
|0
| align=center style="background-color:#FF9933; color:black"|BJP
|-
!4
|Rajhati-II
|'''14'''
|2
|12
|colspan=3|0
|0
| align=center style="background-color:#FF9933; color:black"|BJP
|-
!5
|Natibpur-I
|'''11'''
|8
|3
|colspan=3|0
|0
| align=center style="background-color:#20C646; color:black"|AITC
|-
!6
|Chingra
|'''18'''
|6
|12
|colspan=3|0
|0
| align=center style="background-color:#FF9933; color:black"|BJP
|-
!7
|Palaspai-I
|'''14'''
|6
|7
|1
|colspan=2|0
|0
| align=center style="background-color:#FF9933; color:black"|BJP
|-
!8
|Natibpur-II
|'''14'''
|5
|9
|colspan=3|0
|0
| align=center style="background-color:#FF9933; color:black"|BJP
|-
!9
|Sabalsinghapur
|'''18'''
|12
|6
|colspan=3|0
|0
| align=center style="background-color:#20C646; color:black"|AITC
|-
!10
|Marokhana
|'''21'''
|5
|15
|colspan=3|0
|1
| align=center style="background-color:#FF9933; color:black"|BJP
|-
!11
|Palaspai-II
|'''13'''
|10
|3
|colspan=3|0
|0
| align=center style="background-color:#20C646; color:black"|AITC
|-
! colspan=2 align=center style="background-color:#CDCDCD; color:black"|Total
! align=center style="background-color:#CDCDCD; color:black"|179
! align=center style="background-color:#20C646; color:black"|67
! align=center style="background-color:#FF9933; color:black"|110
! align=center style="background-color:#CC0D0D; color:white"|1
! align=center style="background-color:#00BFFF; color:black"|0
! align=center style="background-color:#000180; color:white"|0
! align=center style="background-color:#B2B2B2; color:black"|1
| {{Party color cell|Independent}}
|}

==Rural poverty==
As per poverty estimates obtained from household survey for families living [[Below Poverty Line (India)|below poverty line]] in 2005, [[rural poverty]] in Khanakul II CD Block was 16.47%.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Hooghly.pdf |title = District Human Development Report: Hooghly |work = Table 2.38: Empirical Measurement of Rural Poverty in Hooghly 2005, page 89 |publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2011 |access-date = 14 June 2017 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170807182323/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR_Hooghly.pdf |archive-date = 7 August 2017 |url-status = dead }}</ref>

==Economy==
===Livelihood===
{{Pie chart
|caption= '''Livelihood<br/>in Khanakul II CD Block'''
|value1 = 19.14
|label1 = Cultivators
|value2 = 29.25
|label2 = Agricultural labourers
|value3 = 7.68
|label3 = Household industries
|value4 = 43.93
|label4 = Other Workers}}

In Khanakul II CD Block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators formed 19.14%, agricultural labourers 29.25%, household industry workers 7.68% and other workers 43.93%.<ref name=handbook2014>{{cite web | url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Hooghly | work = Tables 2.7, 17.2, 16.1, 18.1, 18.2, 20.1, 21.2, 4.4, 3.1, 3.3 – arranged as per use | publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 15 October 2018 | archive-date = 21 January 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | url-status = dead }}</ref>

===Infrastructure===
There are 52 inhabited villages in Khanakul II CD Block. 100% villages have power supply. All 52 villages have more than one source of drinking water (tap, well, tube well, hand pump). 5 villages have sub post offices. 47 villages have landlines, 47 villages have public call offices and 51 villages have mobile phone coverage. 32 villages have pucca roads and 16 villages have bus service (public/ private). 19 villages have agricultural credit societies and 6 villages have commercial/ co-operative banks.<ref name=censushandbook>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1912_PART_A_DCHB_HUGLI.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Hugli, Series-20, Part XIIA | work= Appendices to Village Directory, 2009, Pages 775-779|publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 1 June 2017 }}</ref>

{| class="toccolours" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; font-size: 85%; background:#ffffcc; color:black; width:20em; max-width: 25%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
! style="background-color:#cccccc;" | Important Handicrafts of Hooghly District
|-
| style="text-align: left;" |
*'''Zari Work on Sari''' - Pandua, Pursurah, Jangipara, Tarakeswar and other blocks - 3,000 families involved
*'''Chikon Embroidery''' – Babnan, Pandua, Singur - 2,500 families involved
*'''Silk and Cotton Printing''' – Serampore (Chanditala) - 300 families involved
*'''Brass and Bell Metal''' – Manikpat, Goghat, Arambagh - 150 families involved
*'''Conch Shell''' – Pandua, Khanakul, Makla, Chandannagar
*'''Jute Diversified Product''' – Baidyabati, Mogra
*'''Terracota''' – Chinsurah, Chandannagar, Baidyabati, Mogra
Source:District [[Human Development Report]] 2010: Hooghly P. 67
|}

===Agriculture===
Some of the primary and other ''hats'' or markets in the Khanakul II CD Block are: Bander market, Magareenga market, Morarkhana market, Natibpur hat, Rajhati market, Balipur hat, Chatrasati hat, Melam market, Krishnanagar market, Modharanga market, Marakhena market, Thakrani Chawk and 24-pore hat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbagrimarketingboard.gov.in/bazar/hooghly.html | title = Primary Hats/Markets of District | publisher = West Bengal State Marketing Board | work = Hooghly | access-date = 2009-01-29 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090707074955/http://wbagrimarketingboard.gov.in/bazar/hooghly.html | archive-date = 2009-07-07 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

The [[Tebhaga movement]] launched in 1946, in 24 Parganas district, aimed at securing for the share-croppers a better position within the existing land relation structure. Although the subsequent Bargadari Act of 1950 recognised the rights of [[bargadar]]s to a higher share of crops from the land that they tilled, it was not implemented fully. Large tracts, beyond the prescribed limit of land ceiling, remained with the rich landlords. From 1977 onwards major land reforms took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | title = District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas | work = (1) Chapter 1.2, South 24 Parganas in Historical Perspective, pages 7-9 (2) Chapter 3.4, Land reforms, pages 32-33 | publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2009 | access-date = 7 August 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161005044029/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | archive-date = 5 October 2016 | url-status = dead }}</ref> Following [[Land reform in India|land reforms]] land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In 2013-14, persons engaged in agriculture in Khanakul II CD Block could be classified as follows: [[bargadar]]s 20.93%, patta (document) holders 3.60%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 0.48%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 33.36% and agricultural labourers 41.63%.<ref name=handbook2014/>

Khanakul II CD Block had 96 fertiliser depots, 39 seed stores and 49 [[Public distribution system|fair price shops]] in 2013-14.<ref name=handbook2014/>

In 2013-14, Khanakul II CD Block produced 1,102 tonnes of [[Rice#Ecotypes and cultivars|Aman paddy]], the main winter crop from 823 hectares, 16,374 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 6,129 hectares, 114 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 52 hectares, 24 tonnes wheat from 9 hectares, 23,090 tonnes of jute from 1,207 hectares and 15,076 tonnes of potatoes from 2,000 hectares. It also produced pulses and oilseeds.<ref name=handbook2014/>

In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in Khanakul II CD Block was 7,261 hectares, out of which 2,000 hectares were irrigated by canal water, 850 hectares by tank water, 2,960 hectares by river lift irrigation, 720 hectares by deep tube wells and 731 hectares by shallow tube wells.<ref name=handbook2014/>

===Banking===
In 2013-14, Khanakul II CD Block had offices of 5 commercial banks and 3 [[Regional Rural Bank|gramin banks]].<ref name=handbook2014/>

==Transport==
Khanakul II CD Block has 11 ferry services and 4 originating/ terminating bus routes. The nearest railway station is 25 km from CD Block headquarters.<ref name=handbook2014/>

==Education==
In 2013-14, Khanakul II CD Block had 150 primary schools with 12,132 students, 7 middle schools with 700 students, 14 high schools with 8,804 students and 8 higher secondary schools with 11,985 students. Khanakul II CD Block had 254 institutions for special and non-formal education with 8,462 students<ref name=handbook2014/>

In Khanakul II CD Block, amongst the 52 inhabited villages, all villages have schools, 48 villages had more than 1 primary school, 24 villages had at least 1 primary and 1 middle school and 18 villages had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary school.<ref name=censushandbook/>

==Healthcare==
In 2014, Khanakul II CD Block had 1 block primary health centre, 3 [[Primary Health Centre (India)|primary health centre]] and 1 private nursing home with total 40 beds and 5 doctors (excluding private bodies). It had 28 family welfare subcentres. 1,412 patients were treated indoor and 316,145 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD Block.<ref name=handbook2014/>

Khanakul II CD Block is one of the areas of Hooghly district where ground water is affected by moderate level of [[Arsenic contamination of groundwater|arsenic contamination]]. The [[World Health Organization|WHO]] guideline for arsenic in drinking water is 10 mg/ litre, and the Indian Standard value is 50 mg/ litre. In Hooghly district, 16 blocks have arsenic levels above WHO guidelines and 11 blocks above Indian standard value. The maximum concentration in Khanakul II CD Block is 137 mg/litre.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.soesju.org/arsenic/wb8.htm| title = Groundwater Arsenic contamination in West Bengal-India (20 years study)| publisher = SOES| work = Hugli| access-date = 13 June 2017| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170524133243/http://www.soesju.org/arsenic/wb8.htm| archive-date = 24 May 2017| url-status = dead}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|3}}

{{Municipalities of West Bengal}}
{{Hooghly topics}}

[[Category:Community development blocks in Arambag subdivision]]

IndianPedia - User contributions [en]

Khanakul II