Kodarma

2021-07-21T16:58:06Z

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{{About|the municipality in India|its namesake district|Kodarma district}}
{{more citations needed|date=July 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2019}}{{Use Indian English|date=May 2019}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Kodarma
| other_name = Koderma
| nickname =
| settlement_type = [[City]]
| image_skyline = {{Photomontage
| photo1a = Koderma Railway station.JPG
| photo2a = Sarmatanr Railway Station.JPG
| photo2b = Sphaerotheca magadha.jpg
| photo3a = Jawaharlal Nehru at the site of Tilaiya Dam, Damodar Valley, 23 April 1950.jpg
}}
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Jharkhand#India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Jharkhand, India
| coordinates = {{coord|24.47|N|85.6|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Jharkhand]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Kodarma district|Kodarma]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =

| founder =
| named_for = Kadram rishi
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 397
| population_total = 24633
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages (*For language details see [[Koderma (community development block)#Language and religion]])
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi]], [[Urdu]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 825410
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 06534
| registration_plate =JH-12
| website = {{URL|http://koderma.nic.in}}
| footnotes =
}}

'''Kodarma''' (also spelled as '''Koderma''') is a city and a [[notified area]] in the [[Koderma subdivision]] of the [[Koderma district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Jharkhand]].

==Geography==
{{Unreferenced section|date=October 2018}}
{{OSM Location map
| width=380| height=450| zoom=10
| coord={{coord|24|33|0|N|85|38|0|E}}| float=left|caption='''Cities, towns and locations in Koderma district in North Chotanagpur Division'''<br/>M: municipality, CT: census town, R: rural/ urban centre, D: dam, P: power plant, T: tourist centre<br/>Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly
|mark-coord1={{coord|24|23|28|N|85|28|34|E}} | label-pos1=bottom|label1= Chandwara | numbered1=R| mark-title1=[[Chandwara]] (R)|label-color1=#800000 |label-size1=11| mark-size1=12|shape1=l-circle|shape-color1= #C40000|shape-outline1=white|label-offset-x1=2
|mark-coord2={{coord|24|34|48|N|85|46|18|E}} | label-pos2=left|label2= Dhab| numbered2=R| mark-title2=[[Dhab]] (R)
|mark-coord3={{coord|24|22|33|N|85|38|37|E}} | label-pos3=left|label3= Jainagar| numbered3=R| mark-title3=[[Jainagar, Koderma]] (R)
|mark-coord4={{coord|24|19|38|N|85|50|4|E}} | label-pos4=left|label4= Markacho| numbered4=R| mark-title4=[[Markacho]] (R)
|mark-coord5={{coord|24|24|26|N|85|48|41|E}} | label-pos5=right|label5= Nawadih| numbered5=R| mark-title5=[[Nawadih, Markacho]] (R)
|mark-coord6={{coord|24|25|51|N|85|46|21|E}} | label-pos6=left|label6= Nawalsahi| numbered6=R| mark-title6=[[Nawalsahi]] (R)
|mark-coord7={{coord|24|44|47|N|85|46|10|E}} | label-pos7=right|label7= Satgawan| numbered7=R| mark-title7=[[Satgawan]] (R)
|mark-coord8={{coord|24|19|55|N|85|31|0|E}} | label-pos8=left|label8= Tilaiya| numbered8=R| mark-title8=[[Tilaiya]] (R)
|mark-coord9={{coord|24|21|20|N|85|27|55|E}} | label-pos9=right|label9= Urwan| numbered9=R| mark-title9=[[Urwan]] (R)
|mark-coord10={{coord|24|28|12|N|85|36|0|E}} | label-pos10=bottom|label10=Kodarma| numbered10=M| mark-title10= Kodarma (M)|shape-color10=black| label-size10=13|label-color10=black 
|mark-coord11={{coord|24|25|44|N|85|32|7|E}} | label-pos11=bottom|label11=Jhumri Telaiya| numbered11=M| mark-title11= [[Jhumri Telaiya]] (M) |label-size11=13 |label-color11=#800000
|mark-coord12={{coord|24|28|23|N|85|41|23|E}}| label-pos12=top|label12=Domchanch| numbered12=CT| mark-title12= [[Domchanch]] (CT) |shape-color12= #A40000
|mark-coord13={{coord|24|25|50|N|85|35|22|E}}| label-pos13=right|label13=Bekobar| numbered13=CT| mark-title13= [[Bekobar]] (CT) |shape-color13= #A40000
|mark-coord14={{coord|24|26|40|N|85|33|9|E}}| label-pos14=left|label14=Karma| numbered14=CT| mark-title14= [[Karma, Koderma]] (CT) |shape-color14= #A40000
|mark-coord15={{coord|24|19|26|N|85|31|40|E}}| label15= Tilaiya|labela15= Dam| label-color15 = #C42222 | label-angle15=0| label-pos15=right| label-size15=10| mark-size15=12| numbered15=D|mark-title15 =[[Tilaiya Dam]]| shape-color15=#C42222
|mark-coord16={{coord|24|23|28|N|85|33|40|E}} | label-pos16=right|label16= Koderma Thermal Power Station | numbered16=P| mark-title16= [[Koderma Thermal Power Station]] |shape-color16=#967117
|mark-coord17={{coord|24|34|0|N|85|36|0|E}} | label-pos17=bottom|label17=Koderma|labela17=Wildlife|labelb17= Sanctuary| numbered17=T|shape-color17= #74C365| mark-title17= [[Koderma Wildlife Sanctuary]] (T)
|mark-coord18={{coord|24|20|0|N|85|37|0|E}} |label18= Barakar River |label-color18 = #77A1CB| label-angle18= 10| label-pos18=top| label-size18=10| mark-size18=0| mark-title18 =none
|mark-coord19={{coord|24|40|0|N|85|50|0|E}} |label19= Sakri River|label-color19 = #77A1CB| label-angle19= 50| label-pos19=top| label-size19=10| mark-size19=0| mark-title19 =none
|arc-coordA={{coord|24|40|0|N|85|25|0|E}}|arc-textA= BIHAR| arc-text-colorA=hard grey| arc-angleA= -75| arc-gapA=15.0| arc-radiusA=0.35}}

===Location===
Koderma is located at {{coord|24.47|N|85.6|E|display=inline}}.

Koderma district lies in the [[Chhota Nagpur Plateau]] at {{cvt|397|m}} above the [[sea level]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chota_Nagpur_Plateau|title=Chota Nagpur Plateau - Wikipedia|website=en.m.wikipedia.org|language=en|access-date=2020-04-28}}</ref>{{Circular reference|date=May 2020}} The area exhibits undulating topography comprising hills, hillocks, plains and mounds. The northern part of the district is occupied by Koderma Reserve Forest. The highest peak is Debour Ghati (677 m) which is the boundary of Jharkhand and Bihar states. The section line from south to north from Jharkhand to Bihar passes through Hazaribag plateau. The rocks at the edge of this plateau have been cut deeply by innumerable streams. There are a number of rills and gullies of various types such as figure or shoe-lace gullies.

The district is bound on the north by the [[Nawada]] district of [[Bihar]], on the south by [[Hazaribagh]] district of [[Jharkhand]], on the east by [[Giridih]] district of [[Jharkhand]] and on the west by the [[Gaya district]] of [[Bihar]].

The main rivers flowing through the district are Barakar, Barsoi and Sakri river.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://koderma.nic.in/|title=Koderma {{!}} Welcome To Koderma District Website {{!}} India|language=en-US|access-date=2020-04-29}}</ref> [[Barakar River]] flows from west to east in the southern part of the district and supports the [[Tilaiya Dam]] project, a multipurpose dam constructed on it. Poanchkhara, Keso, Akto, Gurio, Gukhana Nadi are the main tributaries of the Barakar River. Sakri River is the main river in the northern part of the district which flows from south east to northwest. [[Madhuca longifolia|Mahua]], [[banyan]], [[Shorea robusta|sakhua]], [[Butea monosperma|palash]], [[Ficus religiosa|peepal]], [[Azadirachta indica|neem]], [[Date palm|khajoor]], [[bamboo]] are the flora of the area. Fauna such as leopard, bear, pig, deer, and hare are found in the forest area of Koderma Reserve forest. Koderma is surrounded by forests and many natural resources, Dhawajadhari Pahar (hill) that is dedicated to Lord Shiva and on the [[Mahashivratri]] many devotees get together to worship.

At one time, Koderma was considered as the mica capital of India.<ref>{{cite web |title=Which State is the Largest Mica Producer? |url=https://www.mapsofindia.com/answers/india/state-largest-mica-producer/ |website=Maps of India |access-date=1 March 2020 |date=August 22, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=A Report on Child Labour in Mica Mines of Koderma & Giridih District of Jharkhand |url=https://www.cini-india.org/news-and-press/child-labour-mica-mines-koderma-giridih-district-jharkhand/ |publisher=Child in Need Institute |access-date=1 March 2020 |date=January 10, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Ground Water Information Booklet Koderma District, Jharkhand State |url=http://cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/Jharkhand/KODERMA.pdf |publisher=Central Ground water Board Ministry of Water Resources (Govt. of India) |access-date=1 March 2020 |page=5 |date=September 2013}}</ref> During that time, the townships of Koderma and Jhumri Tilaiya had seen the rise of several mica tycoons. Now, it is a fast developing city in Jharkhand state. Koderma holds the world record in terms of holding the largest deposits of mica in the world.{{Citation needed|date=October 2018}}

==Demographics==
As per [[2011 Census of India]], Kodarma [[Nagar Parishad]] had a total population of 24,633 of which 12,941 were males and 11,692 females. [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Castes]] numbered 1,691 and [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Tribes]] numbered 153.<ref name=census3-2011>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/pcadata/Houselisting-housing-JK.html |title = 2011 Census – Primary Census Abstract Data Tables | work= Jharkhand – District-wise |publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 16 December 2015}}</ref>

{{As of|2001}} India [[census]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Kodarma had a population of 17,160. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Kodarma has an average literacy rate of 63%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 71%, and female literacy is 53%. In Kodarma, 17% of the population is under 6 years of age.

==Education==
There are a number of schools and degree colleges in Kodarma:

*[[Capital University, Jharkhand|Capital University]] is a private university established in 2018.
*[[Jharkhand Vidhi Mahavidyalaya]]
*[[Jagannath Jain College]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://jjcollege.edu.in/|title=Welcome to Jagannath Jain College, Jhumri Telaiya|website=jjcollege.edu.in|access-date=2020-01-16}}</ref>
*Govt. Polytechnic, Koderma<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gp-koderma.org/|title=Government Polytechnic Koderma|website=gp-koderma.org|access-date=2020-01-16}}</ref>
*Grizzly College of Education<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.grizzlycollege.org/Home-Page|title=Welcome to Grizzly College of Education, Jhumri Telaiya, Koderma. Affiliated to Vinoba Bhave University,Hazaribag(Jharkhand)|website=www.grizzlycollege.org|access-date=2020-01-16}}</ref>
*Ramgovind Institute of Technology,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rgc.edu.in/|title=Ramgovind Group Of Colleges - Koderma|website=www.rgc.edu.in|access-date=2020-01-16}}</ref> it is a private polytechnic college
* Koderma Industrial Training Centre, Koderma
*PVSS DAV Public School, Jhumri Telaiya

Koderma is widely known for one of the most prestigious [[Sainik School, Tilaiya|Sainik School]] at [[Tilaiya]]. It is one known for training boys for future defence entrances.

==Transport==
===Road===
Koderma is located along [[National Highway 20 (India)|National Highway 31]] that connects [[Ranchi]] and [[Patna]] and [[Koderma]] [[Giridih]] state highway.

===Railway===
[[Koderma railway station]] is on the [[Grand Chord]] railway line of East Central Railway connecting [[Calcutta]] and [[Delhi]] via [[Dhanbad]]. The railway station is actually located in adjacent Jhumri Tilaiya town and not in Koderma town which is some distance away (9 km).

Three new railway lines are being laid from Koderma railway station in three different directions:
#Koderma-[[Giridih]] 111 km long
#Koderma-[[Hazaribagh]] 79 km long (eventually to [[Ranchi]] railway junction, 200  km from Koderma via Barkakana Junction)
#Koderma-Tilaiya (Bihar)

The 85-km-long railway line from Koderma to Kawar towards [[Giridih]] has been commissioned in August 2015 and a DMU passenger train has started running on this 86 km section. This has made Koderma a grand railway junction. In 2013 it was only commissioned to Nawadih station of Koderma district.

The railway line to Hazaribagh has been laid. It began regular running as of 20 February 2015. One passenger train is running Hazaribagh Town to Koderma Station. Now this train is upgraded and runs between Koderma junction to Barkakana junction.{{citation needed|date=March 2019}}

== Hospitals ==

Sadar Hospital is the government owned public hospital in the city.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ray |first1=Dhritiman |title=Modi lays foundations of two 300 bed medical colleges in Jharkhand |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/modi-lays-foundations-of-two-300-bed-medical-colleges-in-jharkhand/articleshow/65925753.cms |access-date=17 May 2019 |work=The Times of India |date=23 September 2018 |language=en}}</ref>

==Economy==
[[File:Jawaharlal Nehru at the site of Tilaiya Dam, Damodar Valley, 23 April 1950.jpg|thumb|Jawaharlal Nehru at the site of Tilaiya Dam, Damodar Valley, 23 April 1950]]
Koderma is known for the world's largest reserve of [[mica]] and was once a bustling town along with its neighbourhood town [[Jhumri Telaiya]]. During the 1960s, the city had one of the world's biggest mica tycoons and traders. [[Soviet Union|USSR]] was the biggest consumer of mica's extracted from Koderma and exported there for making space and military equipments. Later, Govt. of Bihar took over the mica mines under Bihar Mica Syndicate which got formed as Bihar State Mineral Development Corp. (now Jharkhand State Mineral Development Corporation).

Tilaiya Hydel Power Plant was built at [[Tilaiya Dam]] which got established in 1953 by [[Damodar Valley Corporation]].

[[Koderma Thermal Power Station]] a coal-based 1000MW power plant of [[Damodar Valley Corporation|DVC]] was established in 2012 employing thousands of people.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/energy/power/first-unit-of-koderma-thermal-power-commissioned/articleshow/17092133.cms?from=mdr|title=First unit of Koderma Thermal Power commissioned|date=2012-11-04|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2020-01-16}}</ref>

Hazaribagh-Koderma Industrial Area setuped by RIADA and operates many small & middle scale industries in the region. R.K.Sahana & Sons (Sahana Minerals) are one of the biggest miners of [[mica]], [[quartz]] and [[Feldspar|felspar]] in Koderma.

===Commercial places===
The main commercial hub or place where most of the business happens is Station Road & Jhanda Chowk Area. The town is growing and one of the first mall-type premium commercial complexes is coming.{{citation needed|date=March 2019}}

==Religion==
Among the major temples in Kodarma are
*Shree Sankat Mochan Trust Mandir, Built by Lal Khatuwala{{Citation needed|date=May 2019}}
*Kali Mandir, built by Samonta Family
*Dwajadhari Pahari Mandir
*Balaji Temple, Station road

==See also==
*[[Kodarma district]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Koderma District}}
{{North Chotanagpur Division topics}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Kodarma| ]]
[[Category:Koderma district]]
[[Category:Community development blocks in Jharkhand]]
[[Category:Community development blocks in Koderma district]]

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Kodarma