M-11 Shtorm

2022-02-26T20:23:25Z

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[[Image:M-11 Shtorm launcher at Minsk World.jpg|thumb|right|300px|M-11 Shtorm launcher with replica missiles, on display at [[Minsk World]] ]]
The '''M-11 Shtorm''' ({{lang-ru|М-11 «Шторм»}}; {{lang-en|[[Storm]]}}) is a Russian [[naval]] [[surface-to-air missile]] system. Its [[GRAU]] designation is '''4K60'''. Its [[NATO reporting name]] is '''SA-N-3 Goblet'''. The system was first installed on {{ship|Soviet helicopter carrier|Moskva||2}}, an [[anti-submarine warfare carrier]], which was commissioned in 1967, but the system was not officially accepted into service until 1969. Unusually for such systems, it has no land-based counterpart. It was only deployed on Russian vessels, and was never used in combat.

==Development==
[[Image:SA-N-3 launcher aboard the Soviet carrier KIEV.JPEG|thumb|right|M-11 Shtorm launcher on the aircraft carrier ''Kiev''.]]
Development of the M-11 Storm system was first authorised on 25 July 1959. Work was carried out by Scientific Research Institute 10 (NII-10) that was also working on the [[SA-N-1]] system. It was originally intended to be installed on the [[Project 1126]] warship, but both the ship and missile system were canceled in June 1961. However, the missile project was re-activated only a month later for installation in the [[Moskva-class helicopter carrier|Project 1123 ''Moskva''-class helicopter carrier]]. The design was completed in April 1962, and included a modified version of the [[ZIF-101]] launcher, that was used with the [[SA-N-1]] missile system. The launcher design proved to be impractical, the resulting redesign delayed production of prototypes until 1964.

Between 1964 and 1966 [[sea trial]]s were conducted on the missile testbed ''OS-24'' which had previously been the [[heavy cruiser]] {{ship|Soviet cruiser|Voroshilov||2}}. The system was installed on {{ship|Soviet helicopter carrier|Moskva||2}}, which was commissioned on 25 December 1967, but development continued until 1969 when it was officially accepted into service.

==Description==
[[File:Авианосец "Минск" 12.jpg|thumb|4K60 Shtorm missiles on the aircraft carrier ''Minsk'']]
The 4K60/41K65 missiles are carried in pairs on rotating twin rail launchers and fly at between [[Mach number|Mach]] 2 and 3. They are {{cvt|6.1|m|ft}} long, weigh {{cvt|1844|kg|lb}} each with an {{cvt|80|kg|lb}} warheads. The effective altitude is around {{cvt|100|–|25000|m|ft}} and the earlier missiles have an engagement range of {{cvt|3|–|30|km|mi}} while the 41K65 extends the maximum range to {{convert|55|km|mi|abbr=on}}. Guidance is via [[command guidance|radio command]].

The radar associated with the SA-N-3 is known as "Head Lights", often found in conjunction with a "Top Sail" search radar.

The initial version of this system, the '''4K60 M-11 "Shtorm"''' with V611 missiles is known to the [[United States Department of Defense|US DoD]] as the '''SA-N-3A'''. The upgraded version is the '''4K65 "Shtorm-M"''' with V611M missiles and is designated the '''SA-N-3B'''.

==Variants==
*4K60 Shtorm V611 (SA-N-3A) - Initial version
*4K65 Shtorm-M V611M (SA-N-3B) - Improved version

==Installations==
A total of 25 systems were produced and installed on the following classes of ships:
* {{sclass|Moskva|helicopter carrier|1}}s (1967–1991) – two twin B-189 launchers, each fed from twin six-round drum magazines, for a total of 180 missiles.
* [[Kara-class cruiser|Kara-class guided missile cruisers]] (1969–2014, one in reserve until April 2020) – two B-189 twin launchers, each fed from twin six-round drum magazines, 80 missiles total.
* [[Kresta II-class cruiser|Kresta II-class guided missile cruisers]] (1968–1993) – two twin launchers. 72 missiles total.
* {{sclass|Kiev|aircraft carrier|1}}s (first launched 1970, last sold to India 2004) – two twin launchers.

==Former operators==
*{{USSR}}
*{{RUS}}

==See also==
* [[Mark 13 Missile Launcher]]

==References==
{{no footnotes|date=November 2014}}
{{reflist}}
{{refbegin}}
*[http://flot.sevastopol.info/arms/rockets/m11.htm ] flot.sevastopol.info (Russian) with real foto
*[http://shooter.com.ua/usilivaya-moshh/301-zenitno-raketnyj-kompleks-m11-shtorm.html ] shooter.com.ua (Russian) with real foto
*[http://militaryrussia.ru/blog/topic-24.html ] militaryrussia.ru (Russian) with real foto
*Jane's Naval Weapon Systems issue thirty three.
*Naval Institute Guide To Naval Weapon Systems.
{{refend}}

{{Russian and Soviet missiles|SAM}}

[[Category:Cold War surface-to-air missiles of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Surface-to-air missiles of Russia|M-011]]
[[Category:Naval surface-to-air missiles]]
[[Category:Surface-to-air missiles of the Soviet Union|M-011]]
[[Category:Military equipment introduced in the 1960s]]

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M-11 Shtorm