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Lucknow Lok Sabha constituency

2022-01-04T22:38:43Z

2405:201:6007:498F:FC88:3C3D:4734:419F:

{{short description|Lok Sabha Constituency in Uttar Pradesh, India}}
{{More footnotes|date=August 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2019}}
{{Infobox Lok Sabha Constituency
|Name = Lucknow
|State=[[Uttar Pradesh]]
|ElectedByYear= 2019
|image=[[File:Rajnath.jpg|150px]]
|caption= Current MP of Lucknow, [[Rajnath Singh]]
|CurrentMP=[[Rajnath Singh]]
|CurrentMPParty=[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|AssemblyConstituencies= [[Lucknow West (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Lucknow West]] [[Lucknow North (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Lucknow North]] [[Lucknow East (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Lucknow East]] [[Lucknow Central (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Lucknow Central]] [[Lucknow Cantonment (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Lucknow Cantt.]]
|Existence=1952- Present|Reservation=None}}
'''Lucknow Lok Sabha constituency''' is one of the 80 [[Lok Sabha]] (parliamentary) constituencies in [[Uttar Pradesh]] state in northern India. It is the capital of Uttar Pradesh.

Since 1991 the seat has been held by the [[BJP]]. Its best-known MP is [[Prime Minister of India|Former Prime Minister]], [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]. Vajpayee contested from this seat eight times. First time, he contested 1955 bypoll and came third. Then he came second in 1957 and 1962. After these 3 losses, he won the seat five consecutive times, in 1991, 1996, 1998, 1999 and 2004.

==Assembly Segments==
{|class="wikitable" width="500px"
!width="50px" style="font-size:75%"|Constituency number
!width="150px"|Name
!width="100px" style="font-size:75%"|Reserved for ([[Dalit|SC]]/[[Adivasi|ST]]/None)
! width="150px" |District
!width="100px" style="font-size:75%"|Winning Party (2017)
!width="150px" style="font-size:75%"|Number of electorates (2019)
|-
|171
|[[Lucknow West (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Lucknow West]]
|None
|[[Lucknow district|Lucknow]]
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|4,12,201
|-
|172
|[[Lucknow North (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Lucknow North]]
|None
|[[Lucknow district|Lucknow]]
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|4,24,848
|-
|173
|[[Lucknow East (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Lucknow East]]
|None
|[[Lucknow district|Lucknow]]
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|4,48,016
|-
|174
|[[Lucknow Central (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Lucknow Central]]
|None
|[[Lucknow district|Lucknow]]
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|3,69,533
|-
|175
|[[Lucknow Cantonment (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Lucknow Cantt.]]
|None
|[[Lucknow district|Lucknow]]
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|3,85,769
|-
| colspan="5" align="right" bgcolor="fff999" |Total:
|bgcolor="fff999"| 20,40,367
|}

==Members of Parliament==

{| class="wikitable"
! colspan=2|Name
! Portrait
! Election Year
! Political party
|-
| rowspan="4" style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}" |
| [[Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit]]
|[[File:Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit 1965c.jpg|75px]]
| [[1952 Indian general election|1952]]
| rowspan="4""|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|[[Sheorajvati Nehru]]
|
|1955*
|-
|[[Pulin Behari Banerji]]
|
|[[1957 Indian general election|1957]]
|-
|[[B. K. Dhaon]]
|
|[[1962 Indian general election|1962]]
|-
|rowspan="1" style="background-color: {{party color|Independent}}" |
||[[Anand Narain Mulla]]
|
|[[1967 Indian general election|1967]]
|[[Independent (politician)|Independent]]
|-
|rowspan="1" style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}" |
|[[Sheila Kaul]]
|
|[[1971 Indian general election|1971]]
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|rowspan="1" style="background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Lok Dal}}"|
|[[H. N. Bahuguna|Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna]]
|[[File:Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna 2018 stamp of India.jpg|75px]]
|[[1977 Indian general election|1977]]
|[[Bharatiya Lok Dal]]
|-
|rowspan="2" style="background-color: {{party color|INC}}" |
|rowspan="2""|[[Sheila Kaul]]
|rowspan="2"|
|[[1980 Indian general election|1980]]
|rowspan ="2"|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|[[1984 Indian general election|1984]]
|-
|rowspan="1" style="background-color: {{party color| Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |
|[[Mandhata Singh]]
|
|[[1989 Indian general election|1989]]
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|-
|rowspan="8" style="background-color: {{party color|BJP}}" |
|rowspan="5""|[[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
|rowspan="5"| [[File:Atal_Bihari_Vajpayee_tribute_image_(cropped).jpg|75px]]
|[[1991 Indian general election|1991]]
|rowspan ="8"|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|-
|[[1996 Indian general election|1996]]
|-
|[[1998 Indian general election|1998]]
|-
|[[1999 Indian general election|1999]]
|-
|[[2004 Indian general election|2004]]
|-
|[[Lal Ji Tandon]]
|[[File:The Governor of Bihar, Shri Lalji Tandon in New Delhi on August 28, 2018 (cropped).JPG|75px]]
|[[2009 Indian general election|2009]]
|-
|rowspan="2""|[[Rajnath Singh]]
|rowspan="2"|
|[[2014 Indian general election|2014]]
|-
||[[2019 Indian general election|2019]]
|}

* *By Election in 1955 due to resignation of [[Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit]].

==Election results==
===2019 results===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2019 Indian general elections]]: [[Lucknow]]}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Rajnath Singh]]
|votes = 6,33,026
|percentage = 56.70
|change = +2.43
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Poonam Sinha]]
|party = Samajwadi Party
|votes = 2,85,724
|percentage = 25.59
|change = +20.10
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Acharya Pramod Krishnam
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = 1,80,011
|percentage = 16.12
|change = -11.77
}}
{{Election box candidate|
|party = [[None of the above|NOTA]]
|candidate = [[None of the above|None of the Above]]
|votes = 7,416
|percentage = 0.66
|change = +0.21
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 3,47,302
|percentage = 31.11
|change = +4.73
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 11,16,445
|percentage = 54.72
|change = +1.70
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|swing = +2.43
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2014 results===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2014 Indian general elections]]: [[Lucknow]] }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Rajnath Singh]]
|votes = 5,61,106
|percentage = 54.27
|change = +19.34
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Rita Bahuguna Joshi]]
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = 2,88,357
|percentage = 27.89
|change = -0.04
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Nakul Dubey]]
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|votes = 64,449
|percentage = 6.23
|change = -16.65
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Abhishek Mishra]]
|party = Samajwadi Party
|votes = 56,771
|percentage = 5.49
|change = -5.03
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Aam Aadmi Party
|candidate = [[Jaaved Jaffrey|Syed Jaaved Ahmed Jaaferi]]
|votes = 41,429
|percentage = 4.01
|change = ''N/A''
}}
{{Election box candidate|
party = [[None of the above|NOTA]]
|candidate = [[None of the Above]]
|votes = 4,696
|percentage = 0.45
|change = +0.45
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 2,72,749
|percentage = 26.38
|change = +19.38
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 10,33,883
|percentage = 53.02
|change = +17.69
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|swing = +19.34
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2009 results===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2009 Indian general elections]]: [[Lucknow]] }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Lal Ji Tandon]]
|votes = 2,04,028
|percentage = 34.93
|change = -21.19
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Rita Bahuguna Joshi]]
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = 1,63,127
|percentage = 27.93
|change = +27.93
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Akhilesh Das|Dr. Akhilesh Das Gupta]]
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|votes = 1,33,610
|percentage = 22.88
|change = +13.62
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Nafisa Ali|Nafisa Ali Sodhi]]
|party = Samajwadi Party
|votes = 61,457
|percentage = 10.52
|change = -7.86
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Rajesh Kumar Pandey
|party = All India Trinamool Congress
|votes = 20,130
|percentage = 4.97
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Amresh Mishra
|party = Independent (politician)
|votes = 3,164
|percentage = 0.37
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate |
|candidate = Anupam Mishra
|party = Swarajya Party Of India
|votes = 1,230
|percentage = 0.21
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Rajiv Ranjan Tiwari
|party = Independent (politician)
|votes = 1,224
|percentage = 0.21
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 40,901
|percentage = 7.00
|change = -49.18
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 6,14,058
|percentage = 37.49
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2004 results===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2004 Indian general elections]]: [[Lucknow]] }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
|votes = 3,24,714
|percentage = 56.12
|change = +21.19
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Dr. Madhu Gupta]]
|party = Samajwadi Party
|votes = 1,06,339
|percentage = 18.38
|change = +7.92
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Ram Jethmalani|Ram Boolchand Jethmalani]]
|party = Independent (politician)
|votes = 57,685
|percentage = 9.97
|change = N/A
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Nasir Ali Siddiqui
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|votes = 53,566
|percentage = 9.26
|change = -7.86
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Krishna Pal
|party = Samata Party
|votes = 6,928
|percentage = 1.20
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Sheikh Ajij Ahmad Dyer
|party = Independent (politician)
|votes = 4,051
|percentage = 0.70
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Salahuddin
|party = Independent (politician)
|votes = 3,965
|percentage = 0.60
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Arun Kumar Patel
|party = Apna Dal
|votes = 2,804
|percentage = 0.48
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Ajay Chaturvedi
|party = Independent (politician)
|votes = 2,110
|percentage = 0.36
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Domai
|party = Independent (politician)
|votes = 1,203
|percentage = 0.21
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Ajay Kumar Pandey
|party = Independent (politician)
|votes = 1,043
|percentage = 0.18
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = D.P.Pal
|party = Independent (politician)
|votes = 1,026
|percentage = 0.18
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Jaffar Ali
|party = Independent (politician)
|votes = 1,018
|percentage = 0.18
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Nand Kumar Rajpoot
|party = Janata Party
|votes = 981
|percentage = 0.17
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Mohd. Kamran Siddiqui
|party = Independent (politician)
|votes = 918
|percentage = 0.16
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Askari Shakti
|party = Rashtriya Krantikari Samajwadi Party
|votes = 885
|percentage = 0.15
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Dr. Vijay Narayan Pal
|party = Indian Justice Party
|votes = 864
|percentage = 0.15
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Khem Singh Arya
|party = Independent (politician)
|votes = 829
|percentage = 0.14
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Pradeep Kumar Rawat
|party = Independent (politician)
|votes = 753
|percentage = 0.13
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Faguram
|party = Independent (politician)
|votes = 671
|percentage = 0.12
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Neelam Singh
|party = Independent (politician)
|votes = 639
|percentage = 0.11
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 2,18,375
|percentage = 37.74
|change = +21.34
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 5,78,556
|percentage = 35.28
|change = -13.29
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===1999 results===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1999 Indian general election]]: [[Lucknow]] }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
|votes = 3,62,709
|percentage = 48.11
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = [[Karan Singh|Dr. Karan Singh]]
|votes = 2,39,085
|percentage = 31.71
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Bhagwati Singh]]
|party = Samajwadi Party
|votes = 78,826
|percentage = 10.46
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Ijaharul Haque
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|votes = 43,948
|percentage = 5.83
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Dr. Vijay Agarwal
|party = Independent (politician)
|votes = 8,527
|percentage = 1.13
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 1,23,624
|percentage = 16.40
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 7,53,943
|percentage = 48.57
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===1998 results===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1998 Indian general election]]: [[Lucknow]] }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
|votes = 4,31,738
|percentage = 57.82
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Muzaffar Ali]]
|party = Samajwadi Party
|votes = 2,15,475
|percentage = 28.86
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Dauji Gupta|Dr. Dau Ji Gupta]]
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|votes = 56,887
|percentage = 7.62
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Ranjeet Singh
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = 38,636
|percentage = 5.17
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Kumari Katori Devi
|party = Independent (politician)
|votes = 1,099
|percentage = 0.15
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 2,16,263
|percentage = 28.96
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 7,46,669
|percentage = 49.35
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===1996 results===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1996 Indian general election]]: [[Lucknow]] }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
|votes = 3,94,865
|percentage = 52.25
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Raj Babbar]]
|party = Samajwadi Party
|votes = 2,76,194
|percentage = 36.55
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Ved Prakash Grover
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|votes = 42,993
|percentage = 5.69
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Om Pathak
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = 19,042
|percentage = 2.42
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Ramdev
|party = Independent (politician)
|votes = 3,639
|percentage = 0.48
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 1,18,671
|percentage = 15.70
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 7,55,746
|percentage = 50.78
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===1991 results===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1991 Indian general election]]: [[Lucknow]] }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
|votes = 1,94,886
|percentage = 50.90
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Ranjeet Singh
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = 77,583
|percentage = 20.26
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Heeru Saxena
|party = Janata Party
|votes = 59,385
|percentage = 15.51
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Mandhata Singh]]
|party = Janata Dal
|votes = 22,357
|percentage = 5.84
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Balbir Singh Saluja
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|votes = 13,728
|percentage = 3.59
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 1,17,303
|percentage = 30.64
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 3,82,877
|percentage = 32.23
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser = Janata Dal
|swing = 16.82
}}
{{Election box end}}

===1989 results===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1989 Indian general election]]: [[Lucknow]] }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Mandhata Singh]]
|party = Janata Dal
|votes = 1,10,433
|percentage = 34.08
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Dau Ji
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = 95,137
|percentage = 29.36
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = [[Balraj Madhok]]
|votes = 73,839
|percentage = 22.78
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Jagmohan Singh Verma
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|votes = 20,393
|percentage = 6.29
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 15,614
|percentage = 4.72
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 3,24,073
|percentage = 28.65
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Janata Dal
|loser = Indian National Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===1984 results===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1984 Indian general election]]: [[Lucknow]] }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Sheila Kaul]]
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = 1,69,260
|percentage = 55.67
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Mohammad Yunus Saleem]]
|party = Lok Dal
|votes = 47,140
|percentage = 15.50
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Lal Ji Tandon]]
|votes = 36,973
|percentage = 12.16
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = D. P. Bora
|party = Janata Party
|votes = 15,783
|percentage = 6.29
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 1,22,120
|percentage = 40.17
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 3,04,058
|percentage = 40.30
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Indian National Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===1980 results===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1980 Indian general election]]: [[Lucknow]] }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Sheila Kaul]]
|party = Indian National Congress (Indira)
|votes = 1,23,231
|percentage = 47.65
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Mahmood Butt
|party = Janata Party
|votes = 92,849
|percentage = 35.90
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Triloki Singh
|party = Indian National Congress (Urs)
|votes = 17,163
|percentage = 6.64
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 30,382
|percentage = 11.75
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 2,58,620
|percentage = 37.63
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Indian National Congress (Indira)
|loser = Bharatiya Lok Dal
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===1977 results===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1977 Indian general election]]: [[Lucknow]] }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna]]
|party = Bharatiya Lok Dal
|votes = 2,42,362
|percentage = 72.99
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Sheila Kaul]]
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = 77,017
|percentage = 23.19
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = Sarju Prasad
|votes = 5,534
|percentage = 1.67
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 1,65,345
|percentage = 49.80
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 3,32,049
|percentage = 53.52
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Bharatiya Lok Dal
|loser = Indian National Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===1971 results===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1971 Indian general election]]: [[Lucknow]] }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Sheila Kaul]]
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = 1,71,019
|percentage = 71.61
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Purushottam Das Kapoor
|party = Bharatiya Jana Sangh
|votes = 51,818
|percentage = 21.70
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate|
|party = [[Bharatiya Kranti Dal|BKD]]
|candidate = D. P. Bora
|votes = 12,039
|percentage = 5.04
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 1,19,201
|percentage = 49.91
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 2,38,808
|percentage = 46.49
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Indian National Congress
|loser = Independent (politician)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===1967 results===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1967 Indian general election]]: [[Lucknow]] }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Anand Narain Mulla]]
|party = Independent (politician)
|votes = 92,535
|percentage = 36.55
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = V. R. Mohan
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = 71,563
|percentage = 28.27
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Jana Sangh
|candidate = R. C. Sharma
|votes = 60,291
|percentage = 23.81
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 20,972
|percentage = 8.28
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 2,53,175
|percentage = 27.63
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Independent (politician)
|loser = Indian National Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===1962 results===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1962 Indian general election]]: [[Lucknow]] }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = B. K. Dhaon
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = 1,16,637
|percentage = 50.45
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
|party = Bharatiya Jana Sangh
|votes = 86,620
|percentage = 37.47
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Jagdish Ghandi
|party = Independent (politician)
|votes = 14,774
|percentage = 6.39
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Socialist Party
|candidate = M. A. Haleem
|votes = 6,928
|percentage = 3.00
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Radhey Shyam
|party = Akhil Bharatiya Hindu Mahasabha
|votes = 4,356
|percentage = 1.88
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 30,017
|percentage = 12.98
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 2,38,485
|percentage = 58.49
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Indian National Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===1957 results===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1957 Indian general election]]: [[Lucknow]] }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Pulin Behari Banerji]]
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = 69,519
|percentage = 40.75
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
|party = Bharatiya Jana Sangh
|votes = 57,034
|percentage = 33.44
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Communist Party of India
|candidate = Fazal Abbas Kazmi
|votes = 28,542
|percentage = 16.73
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 12,485
|percentage = 7.31
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 1,70,579
|percentage = 45.12
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Indian National Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===1955 bypoll results===
{{Election box begin | title=By Election, 1952: [[Lucknow|Lucknow Central]] }}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=[[Sheorajvati Nehru]]|party=Indian National Congress|votes=49,324|percentage=41.83|change=}}
{{Election box candidate|
|party = [[Praja Socialist Party|PSP]]
|candidate = [[Triloki Singh|Tirloki Singh]]
|votes = 34,578
|percentage = 29.33
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=[[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]|party=Bharatiya Jana Sangh|votes=33,986|percentage=28.82|change=}}
{{Election box majority||votes=14,746|percentage=12.50|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=1,17,888|percentage=33.35|change=}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Indian National Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===1951-52 results ===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1952 Indian general election|General Election, 1951]]: [[Lucknow|Lucknow Central]] }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit]]
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = 1,02,764
|percentage = 69.17
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Har Govind Dayal
|party = Bharatiya Jana Sangh
|votes = 35,112
|percentage = 23.63
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate|
|party = [[Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad|ABRRP]]
|candidate = Gaya Prasad Shukla
|votes = 6,021
|percentage = 4.05
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Nathu Ram
|party = Independent (politician)
|votes = 4,672
|percentage = 3.14
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 67,652
|percentage = 45.54
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 1,48,569
|percentage = 42.03
|change =
}}
{{Election box end}}

==See also==
* [[Lucknow district]]
* [[List of Constituencies of the Lok Sabha]]
* [[Lucknow (Mayoral Constituency)]]
* [[Lucknow (Division Graduates Constituency)]]
* [[Mohanlalganj (Lok Sabha constituency)|Lucknow Rural (Lok Sabha constituency)]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*http://ceouttarpradesh.nic.in/035_PC_Statistics_English.aspx
*http://ceouttarpradesh.nic.in/171_AC_Statistics_English.aspx
*http://ceouttarpradesh.nic.in/172_AC_Statistics_English.aspx
*http://ceouttarpradesh.nic.in/173_AC_Statistics_English.aspx
*http://ceouttarpradesh.nic.in/174_AC_Statistics_English.aspx
*http://ceouttarpradesh.nic.in/175_AC_Statistics_English.aspx

{{Lok Sabha constituencies of Uttar Pradesh}}
{{Lucknow division topics}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-par|in-lwr}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Nandyal (Lok Sabha constituency)|Nandyal]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Constituency represented by the [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]]|years=1996}}
{{s-vac|next=Lucknow|reason=until 1998 ''(Prime Minister in Rajya Sabha)''}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-vac|last=Lucknow|reason=since 1996 ''(Prime Minister in Rajya Sabha)''}}
{{s-ttl|title=Constituency represented by the [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]]|years=1998-2004}}
{{s-vac|next=[[Varanasi (Lok Sabha constituency)|Varanasi]]|reason=until 2014 ''(Prime Minister in Rajya Sabha)''}}
{{end}}
{{Coord|26.85|80.94|display=title}}

[[Category:Lok Sabha constituencies in Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Politics of Lucknow district]]

Ashutosh Tandon

2022-01-04T22:25:08Z

2405:201:6007:498F:FC88:3C3D:4734:419F:

{{short description|Indian politician}}
{{use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2017}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Ashutosh Tandon
| office =[[Government of Uttar Pradesh|Minister of Urban Development, Uttar Pradesh]]
| term_start = 5 August 2019
| predecessor = [[Suresh Khanna]]
| 1blankname = Chief Minister
| 1namedata = [[Yogi Adityanath]]
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| education = [[Bachelor of Arts]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=y|12 May 1960}}
| birth_place = [[Lucknow]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]]
| parents = [[Lalji Tandon]]
| spouse = {{marriage|Madhu Tandon|1982}}
| children = 1
| alma_mater = [[Lucknow University]]
| profession = {{hlist|Agriculture|Business}}
}}
'''Ashutosh Tandon''' (born 12 May 1960), also known as '''Gopal Tandon''', is an Indian politician and currently serving as Minister of Urban Development, Overall Urban Development, Urban Employment and Poverty Alleviation in the [[Government of Uttar Pradesh]]. Tandon was also a member of the [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]] from the [[Lucknow East (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Lucknow East]] constituency in [[Lucknow district]].<ref name="MyNeta"/> He is son of [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]'s senior leader and former [[List of governors of Madhya Pradesh|Governor of Madhya Pradesh]] [[Lal Ji Tandon]].

==Personal life==
Tandon was born on 12 May 1960 to politician [[Lalji Tandon]] in [[Lucknow]], [[Uttar Pradesh]].<ref name="Profile"/> He graduated with a [[Bachelor of Arts]] degree from [[Lucknow University]] in 1980.<ref name="MyNeta">{{cite web |title=Ashutosh Tandon (Gopalji)(Bharatiya Janata Party(BJP)):Constituency- Lucknow East : Bye- Election on 13-09-2014 (Lucknow) - Affidavit Information of Candidate |url=http://myneta.info/upbye13/candidate.php?candidate_id=119 |website=myneta.info |accessdate=8 October 2020}}</ref> He married Madhu Tandon on 6 May 1982, with whom he has a daughter.<ref name="Profile">{{cite web |title=Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly (UPLA): Member info |url=http://www.upvidhansabhaproceedings.gov.in/member?memberId=20810 |website=upvidhansabhaproceedings.gov.in |access-date=4 January 2021}}</ref>

==Career==
In 2014, Tandon defeated Juhie Singh by 26,459 votes for the Lucknow East assembly seat.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sinha |first1=Arunav |title=Ashutosh Tandon defeats Juhie Singh by a margin of 26,459 votes to claim Lucknow East assembly seat. - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Ashutosh-Tandon-defeats-Juhie-Singh-by-a-margin-of-26459-votes-to-claim-Lucknow-East-assembly-seat-/articleshow/42617041.cms |access-date=4 January 2021 |work=The Times of India |date=16 September 2014 |language=en}}</ref>

In 2017, Ashutosh Tandon defeated SP-Congress joint candidate Anurag Bhadoria by record 79,230 votes.{{citation needed|date=January 2021}} Tandon was appointed the ministries of Technical and Medical Education.<ref>{{cite news |title=CM Yogi Adityanath keeps home, revenue: UP portfolio allocation highlights |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/live-updates-on-uttar-pradesh-govt-portfolios-keshav-prasad-maurya-gets-pwd/story-JafGBgr7Oe7VXxcBsnAOdM.html |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |date=22 March 2017|accessdate=4 January 2020}}</ref>

In a portfolio reshuffle in August 2019, Tandon was allocated Urban Development Department.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/lucknow/up-cm-yogi-adityanath-effects-major-reshuffle-of-portfolios-keeps-home/story-Pt0CYgyJqtxVTZQWX7mHYP.html|title=UP CM Yogi Adityanath effects major reshuffle of portfolios, keeps home|date=23 August 2019|website=Hindustan Times |accessdate=4 January 2020}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Yogi Adityanath ministry (2017–)]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tandan, Ashutosh}}
[[Category:1960 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Politicians from Lucknow]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:State cabinet ministers of Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Yogi ministry]]
[[Category:Uttar Pradesh MLAs 2017–2022]]

Hardoi district

2022-01-03T20:45:23Z

2405:201:6007:498F:FC88:3C3D:4734:419F:

{{About|the district|its eponymous headquarters|Hardoi}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2019}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Hardoi district
| settlement_type = [[Districts of Uttar Pradesh|District of Uttar Pradesh]]
| total_type = Total
| image_map = India Uttar Pradesh districts 2012 Hardoi.svg
| map_caption = Location of Hardoi district in Uttar Pradesh
| coordinates =
| coor_pinpoint = Hardoi
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of India|Division]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Lucknow division|Lucknow]]
| established_title = Established
| established_date =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Hardoi]]
| parts_type = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| parts_style = para
| p1 = [[Hardoi]], [[Shahabad, Hardoi|Shahabad]], [[Sawayajpur]], [[Bilgram]] and [[Sandila]].
| area_total_km2 = 5947
| area_footnotes =
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 4,092,845
| population_footnotes =
| population_urban =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1 = 50%
| demographics1_title2 = Sex ratio
| demographics1_info2 = 856
| leader_title = M.P.
| leader_name = Jay Prakash Rawat
| leader_title1 =
| leader_name1 =
| leader_title2 = [[Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name2 = 8
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| registration_plate =
| blank_name_sec1 =
| blank_info_sec1 =
| blank_name_sec2 =
| blank_info_sec2 =
| website = http://hardoi.nic.in/
}}

'''Hardoi district''' is a [[Districts of Uttar Pradesh|district]] situated in the center of [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]]. The district headquarters is in the city of [[Hardoi]]. Hardoi is the third largest district of Uttar Pradesh. It falls under Lucknow division in the history region of [[Oudh State|Awadh]]

As of the [[2011 Census of India|2011 census]], the total population of Hardoi district is 4,092,845 people, in 730,442 households.<ref name="Census 2011">{{cite web |title=Census of India 2011: Uttar Pradesh District Census Handbook - Hardoi, Part A (Village and Town Directory) |pages=xiii-xv, 4-5, 578-81|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/09/0924_PART_A_DCHB_HARDOI.pdf |website=Census 2011 India|access-date=17 May 2021}}</ref> It is the 13th-most populous district in Uttar Pradesh.<ref name="Census 2011"/>

==History==
The present-day Hardoi district was created by the British after their takeover of Awadh in 1856.<ref name="Gazetteer">{{cite book |last1=Nevill |first1=H.R. |title=Hardoi - A Gazetteer |date=1904 |publisher=Government Press |location=Allahabad |pages=1–18, 59-71, 100, 134–142 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.48076 |access-date=18 March 2021}}</ref> At the time of [[Akbar]] in the 1500s, the area of the modern district was divided between the [[sarkar (country subdivision)|sarkar]]s of [[Lucknow]] and [[Khairabad, Sitapur|Khairabad]].<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Five ''mahal''s were in Lucknow sarkar: [[Sandila]], [[Mallanwan]], Kachhandao, "Garanda" (probably a miscopying of [[Gundwad|Gundwa]]), and [[Bilgram]].<ref name="Gazetteer" /> The [[Ain-i-Akbari]] does list a mahal of Hardoi in Lucknow district, but this was referring to the [[Hardoi, Raebareli|Hardoi]] in modern [[Rae Bareli district]] instead of the one in Hardoi district.<ref name="Gazetteer" /> As for the sarkar of Khairabad, the mahals of [[Gopamau]], Sara, [[Bawan]], [[Sandi, Uttar Pradesh|Sandi]], [[Pali, Hardoi|Pali]], and Barwar-Anjana were either partially or entirely in the territory of modern Hardoi district.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

In the following centuries, the administrative setup in the area underwent various changes.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The [[pargana]] of [[Balamau]] was formed out of Sandila around the end of Akbar's reign, and it included an area of 42 villages cleared from the jungle by a [[Kurmi]] named Balai.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The pargana of Barwan was also established at an early date, being split off from Sandi.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> [[Kalyanmal]] became a separate pargana during the reign of [[Aurangzeb]], when a fort was built there; it had previously been part of Gundwa.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> [[Shahabad, Hardoi|Shahabad]] became a pargana in 1745, almost 70 years after the town itself was established; it was split off from the pargana of Pali.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Pachhoha was separated from Pali to become a pargana in about 1840.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The pargana of [[Katiari]] was formed in the early 1800s by taking some areas belonging to Sandi and some belonging to Pali, and the small pargana of [[Saromannagar]] was created in 1803 from parts of Pali and parts of Sara.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> [[Mansurnagar]] was created in 1806 from parts of Sara and Gopamau.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> [[Bangar (pargana)|Bangar]] was split off from Bilgram in 1807, when the lowlands (''kachh'') and uplands (''bangar'') of Bilgram were separated.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Finally, Barwar-Anjana was entirely dismantled in 1703 and replaced with 9 smaller parganas, including [[Pindwara]], [[Pihani]], and [[Alamnagar]].<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

Under the [[Nawabs of Awadh]], the area of present-day Hardoi district was divided between several different [[chakla]]s.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Sandila became a chakla in 1821, consisting of the parganas of Sandila, Mallanwan, Kachhandao, and [[Malihabad]] (the last of which is now in [[Lucknow district]]).<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

Hardoi district was first formed after the British annexed Awadh in February 1856, and it was originally called '''Mallanwan district''' because its headquarters were at Mallanwan.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> After the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|1857 uprising]] the seat was moved to Hardoi due to its more central location.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> At that time, Hardoi district consisted of four [[tehsil]]s: Shahabad, Hardoi, Bilgram, and Sandila.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Shahabad tehsil contained eight parganas: Shahabad, Pali, Pachhoha, Saromannagar, Barwan, Mansurnagar, Alamnagar, and Pindarwa-Pihani.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Hardoi tehsil contained the parganas of Bangar, Gopamau, Sara, and Bawan.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Bilgram tehsil contained the parganas of Bilgram, Mallanwan, Kachhandao, Sandi, and Katiari; and finally, Sandila tehsil comprised the four parganas of Sandila, Gundwa, Kalyanmal, and Balamau.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> In 1869, Sara pargana was divided into Sara North and Sara South, and Sara North was transferred into Shahabad tehsil, while at the same time Barwan was transferred into Hardoi tehsil.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

==Geography==
Hardoi is the westernmost district of [[Awadh]].<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Its eastern border is formed by the [[Gomti River]], which separates it from [[Sitapur district|Sitapur]] and [[Lakhimpur Kheri district|Lakhimpur Kheri]] districts.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> To the south, it borders [[Lucknow district|Lucknow]] and [[Unnao district|Unnao]] districts.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> On the west, its border is formed partly by the [[Sendha]] river until it joins the [[Ramganga]], and then the district border cuts south to the [[Ganges]], which then forms the western boundary the rest of the way.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

There are two main geographic divisions of Hardoi district: the ''[[kachh]]'' or lowlands in the west and the ''[[Khadir and Bangar|bangar]]'' or uplands in the east.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The dividing line between them is a high bank of barren sandhills on the east side of the [[Garra]] basin, running north-south in the western part of the district.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

In the east, a broad upland belt with sandy soil overlooks the Gomti.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Between them and the river, there is a small area of [[tarai]] lowlands with mostly poor sandy soil, some of which is covered by swamps.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The uplands are characterized by rolling sandhills, which are often covered with tufts of [[munj grass]] several meters tall.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> These hills are otherwise dry and barren, and they present a constant hazard to the farms below them because they are liable to shift during high winds.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> They are most prominent in the area around Gopamau.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The sandy ridges are broken up by steep ravines, which drain the water that collects in lower-lying areas to the west.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> In some of those depressions, there are large reedy swamps.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

Further west is the [[Sai River (Uttar Pradesh)|Sai]] valley, which consists of alternating patches of loamy and clayey soil.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> There are many depressions and [[jhil]]s, stretches of barren [[usar]] land, and, historically, scattered patches of [[Butea monosperma|dhak]] jungle.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Especially in the north, the banks of the Sai were in many places heavily forested.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Further south, both banks of the Sai are high and sandy, although here it is much more fertile than along the Gomti.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Between them and the river itself, there are narrow strips of tarai lowlands, vulnerable to flooding.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

The western border of the bangar uplands is formed by another high bank of barren sandhills, which mark the eastern part of the Garra basin and may have once done the same for the Ganges.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> This bank is narrow, scoured by many ravines, and slopes steeply down to the kachh lowlands on the west.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> These lowlands are traversed by many rivers and streams, and they are prone to flooding and often covered by marshes.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Continuing westward, the final river that crosses the kachh is the mighty Ganges, whose course often shifts around in its extremely wide bed.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The annual floods cover this entire lowlying area, depositing a sandy soil which is less conducive to agriculture than the more loamy deposits of the Garra and Ramganga.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

Hardoi district was once heavily wooded, especially in the upland areas, but by the turn of the 20th century much of this had been cleared, mostly since the 1870s.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The remaining jungle at that time was described as mostly dhak, [[karaunda]], and scrub, with other trees such as the [[banyan|bargad]], [[Ficus religiosa|pipal]], [[pakar]], [[shisham]], and [[neem]] being much less common and "mere relics of the old jungles."<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

===Geology===
The geology of Hardoi district is fairly unremarkable, with most of the district being covered in Gangetic [[alluvium]] like the rest of the Awadh region.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> In the eastern parts of the district, the surface soil is a reddish clay with an average depth of about 8 feet.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Below that is black clay, which is 2 to 10 feet deep.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Below that is sandy soil, either grey, white, or yellow and unmixed with clay.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> In the Sai basin, the sandy layer is closer to the surface; above it is sandy clay, and at the top is a thin layer of yellow clay.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> For three miles on either side of the Sai, the surface is pure sand.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Around the jhils near Pipri, the bottom sandy layer gives way to a bluish, sandy clay, possibly marking an ancient river channel.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

===Wildlife===
The [[blackbuck]] is a common site all throughout the district, especially in the area around Gopamau and along the sandy banks of the Gomti.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> [[Indian wolf|wolves]] are also sometimes seen in the ravines along the Gomti and other rivers in the district, but not in especially large numbers.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> [[Nilgai]]s are most common in the tamarisk jungles around Dharampur between the Ganga and Ramganga, but they are also found in the larger dhak jungles to the east and northeast.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Rarely, [[leopard]]s are seen in the jungles north of [[Pihani]].<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The [[chital]], or spotted deer, was once fairly common in the area, but by the early 20th century it had "practically disappeared".<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The [[four-horned antelope]] was also formerly native to the area, but the last one known was shot by hunters in 1865.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> [[Jackal]]s and [[hare]]s are very common.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

Common birds in the district include the [[grey partridge]] and [[quail]].<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The [[black partridge]] is also found in the grass jungles along the Gomti, as well as a few other scattered areas.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> During colder months, [[snipe]] are also a common sight.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> [[Geese]] and [[duck]]s inhabit the district's various jhils.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

[[Sandi Bird Sanctuary]] is a freshwater marsh and wildlife sanctuary located in Hardoi district, 19km from the city of Hardoi.<ref name="RSIS">{{Cite web|title=Sandi Bird Sanctuary|website=[[Ramsar Convention|Ramsar]] Sites Information Service|url=https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/2409|accessdate=14 June 2021}}</ref> It is typical of wetlands in the Indo-Gangetic plains and receives most of its water from monsoon rains.<ref name="RSIS"/> Rich in aquatic plant life and home to a large population of [[waterfowl]], the sanctuary is managed jointly by the Office of the Conservator of Forests and local forest and wildlife officials.<ref name="RSIS"/> It is a popular recreation spot and tourist destination.<ref name="RSIS"/> The sanctuary is vulnerable to drought; in 2014 and 2015 it was dry, and the local bird population declined precipitously.<ref name="RSIS"/> It was designated as a [[Ramsar site]] on 26 September 2019.<ref name="RSIS"/>

==Economy==
In 2006 the [[Ministry of Panchayati Raj]] named Hardoi one of the country's 250 [[Poverty in India|most backward districts]] (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=brgf/> It is one of the 34 districts in Awadh, Uttar Pradesh currently receiving funds from the [[Backward Regions Grant Fund|Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme]] (BRGF).<ref name=brgf>{{cite web|author=Ministry of Panchayati Raj|date=8 September 2009|title=A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme|publisher=National Institute of Rural Development|url=http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf|access-date=27 September 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf|archive-date=5 April 2012}}</ref>

==Divisions==
[[File:Hardoi district subdivisions map.png|thumb|Map of Hardoi district's tehsils and blocks]]
Hardoi district is divided into five [[tehsil]]s - Hardoi, [[Shahabad, Hardoi|Shahabad]], [[Sawayajpur]], [[Bilgram]], and [[Sandila]].<ref name="Census 2011"/> These tehsils consist of 19 blocks ([[Ahrori]], [[Hariyawan]], [[Sursa]], [[Shahabad, Hardoi|Shahabad]], [[Bharkhani]], [[Bharawan]], [[Harpalpur, Hardoi|Harpalpur]], [[Bilgram]], [[Madhoganj]], [[Mallawan]], [[Tadiyawan]], [[Tondarpur]], [[Kothwan]], [[Sandila]], [[Behadar]], [[Pihani]], [[Sandi, Uttar Pradesh|Sandi]], [[Kachhauna]], [[Bawan]]).<ref name="Census 2011"/> The district has 1,101 [[gram panchayat]]s and 2,070 revenue villages (1,907 of them are inhabited and 163 are uninhabited).<ref name="Census 2011"/> There are also 191 [[Nyaya panchayat]]s.

The district has 13 towns, including 7 [[Nagar Palika Parishad]]s (municipal boards) and 6 [[Nagar Panchayat]]s.<ref name="Census 2011"/> There was previously also the [[census town]] of [[Som, Uttar Pradesh|Som]], but it was reclassified as a village for the 2011 census.<ref name="Census 2011"/> The current towns in the district are listed below:<ref name="Census 2011"/>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Town name
! Classification
! Tehsil
! Population (in 2011)
|-
| [[Shahabad, Hardoi|Shahabad]] || [[Nagar Palika Parishad]] || Shahabad || 80,226
|-
| [[Pihani]] || [[Nagar Palika Parishad]] || Shahabad || 36,014
|-
| [[Pali, Hardoi|Pali]] || [[Nagar Panchayat]] || Sawayajpur || 18,708
|-
| [[Gopamau]] || [[Nagar Panchayat]] || Hardoi|| 15,526
|-
| [[Hardoi]] || [[Nagar Palika Parishad]] || Hardoi || 197,029
|-
| [[Sandi, Uttar Pradesh|Sandi]] || [[Nagar Palika Parishad]] || Bilgram || 26,007
|-
| [[Bilgram]] || [[Nagar Palika Parishad]] || Bilgram || 29,768
|-
| [[Madhoganj]] || [[Nagar Panchayat]] || Bilgram || 11,523
|-
| [[Mallawan]] || [[Nagar Palika Parishad]] || Bilgram || 36,915
|-
| [[Kursath, Hardoi|Kursath]] || [[Nagar Panchayat]] || Bilgram || 5,924
|-
| [[Kachhauna Patseni]] || [[Nagar Panchayat]] || Sandila || 15,647
|-
| [[Beniganj]] || [[Nagar Panchayat]] || Sandila || 10,173
|-
| [[Sandila]] || [[Nagar Palika Parishad]] || Sandila || 58,346
|}

This district is a district of the Lucknow Commissionary in Uttar Pradesh Province of India, it is situated in between 26-53 to 27-46 north latitude and 79-41 to 80-46 east longitude. Its north border touches [[Shahjahanpur district]] and [[Lakhimpur Kheri]] district. Lucknow (capital of U.P.) and [[Unnao]] are situated at the southern border. The western border touches [[Kanpur]] (industrial city of U.P.) and [[Farrukhabad district]] and on the eastern border the [[Gomati River]] separates the district from the [[Sitapur district]]. 'Nemisharayan, the Pilgrim of [[Dvapara Yuga]] (3rd age)' is just 45 km from district headquarters. The length of this district from northwest to southeast is 125.529 km and width from east to west is 74.83 km., the area 5947 km2.{{citation needed|date=March 2019}}

==Demographics==
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=10,92,236|13=1911|14=11,20,542|15=1921|16=10,83,727|17=1931|18=11,26,750|19=1941|20=12,39,083|21=1951|22=13,61,562|23=1961|24=15,73,171|25=1971|26=18,49,519|27=1981|28=22,74,929|29=1991|30=27,47,082|31=2001|32=33,98,306|33=2011|34=40,92,845|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=left}}
According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Hardoi district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 4,092,845,<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 30 September 2011 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref> roughly equal to the nation of [[Lebanon]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 1 October 2011 | quote = Lebanon 4,143,101 July 2011 est.
}}</ref> or the US state of [[Oregon]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php|title=2010 Resident Population Data|publisher=U. S. Census Bureau|access-date=30 September 2011| quote =Oregon 3,831,074
}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 51st in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert| 683 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} .<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 20.39%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Hardoi has a [[sex ratio]] of 868 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males (the 62nd-highest ratio in Uttar Pradesh) and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 64.6%.(51st in the state).<ref name="Census 2011"/> Additionally, 15.9% of the district's population is in the 0-6 age group as of 2011.<ref name="Census 2011"/>

In 1901, the population of Hardoi district was 1,092,834 and Hardoi had 12,174 inhabitants. By the time, the main city was Shahabad with 20,036 inhabitants, [[Mallanwan]] 11,158.

=== Language ===
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
| caption=Hardoi district: mother-tongue of population, according to the 2011 Census.<ref name="census2011-C16"/>
|label1 = Hindi |value1 = 97.43 |color1 = Yellow
|label2 = Urdu |value2 = 2.45 |color2 = Red
|label3 = Others |value3 = 0.12 |color3 = Black
}}
The predominant language spoken in Hardoi district is the [[Kannauji language|Kannauji]] dialect of Hindi.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> This sets it apart from the other districts in Awadh, where the [[Awadhi language|Awadhi]] dialect is spoken.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> However, in the eastern parts of Hardoi district, the form of Kannauji spoken is very close to the form of Awadhi spoken in neighbouring Unnao and Sitapur districts.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

At the time of the [[2011 Census of India]], 97.45% of the population in the district spoke [[Hindi]] (or a related language) and 2.45% [[Urdu]] as their first language.<ref name="census2011-C16"/>

{|class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
! colspan=4| Hardoi district: mother-tongue of population, according to the 2011 Census.<ref name="census2011-C16">{{cite report |title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue – Uttar Pradesh |url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-0900.XLSX |publisher = Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India |access-date=15 July 2020}}</ref>
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
! Mother tongue code
! Mother tongue
! People
! Percentage
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
|| 002007 || [[Bengali language|Bengali]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 265
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.01%
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
|| 006030 || [[Awadhi language|Awadhi]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 421
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.01%
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
|| 006240 || [[Hindi]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 3,987,645
| style="text-align:right;" | 97.43%
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
|| 016038 || [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 3,575
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.09%
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
|| 022015 || [[Urdu language|Urdu]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 100,136
| style="text-align:right;" | 2.45%
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| style="text-align:center;" | –
|| [[Languages of India|Others]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 803
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.02%
|-valign=top class="sortbottom"
| colspan=2 | Total
| style="text-align:right;" | 4,092,845
| style="text-align:right;" | 100.00%
|-
|}

=== Religion ===
{{bar box
|title=Religions in Hardoi District<ref name="Census 2011 religion">{{cite web |title=Hardoi District Religion Census 2011 |url=https://www.census2011.co.in/data/religion/district/526-hardoi.html |publisher=census2011.co |access-date=11 December 2018}}</ref>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hindus]]|orange|75.71}}
{{bar percent|[[Muslims]]|green|23.59}}
{{bar percent|Others|blue|0.70}}
}}
The majority of Hardoi district's population are [[Hindu]]s.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The proportion of Hindus in the district is high for Awadh, but lower than some districts such as [[Unnao district|Unnao]], [[Raebareli district|Raebareli]], and [[Pratapgarh district, Uttar Pradesh|Pratapgarh]].<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Most Hindus in Hardoi district do not belong to any particular sect, which have relatively few followers compared to other districts.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> [[Muslim]]s are most numerous in the district's old historic towns, although they are still usually in the minority there.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> [[Shahabad, Hardoi|Shahabad]] and [[Sandila]] are home to high proportions of Muslims, while in [[Hardoi]] itself the proportion is lower.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Over 90% of the district's Muslims practice [[Sunni Islam]]; the proportion that practices [[Shia Islam]] is somewhat higher than average for the region, but not especially so.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

== Notable people ==
Notable people from the district include:

* [[Brajesh Pathak]] – Cabinet Minister in [[Government of Uttar Pradesh]].
* [[Babu Mohan Lal Verma]] – local leader of the [[Seva Dal|Indian independence movement]] from 1932, and [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|member of the national legislative assembly (Vidhan Sabha)]] 1956-1967

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|http://hardoi.nic.in}}

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Hardoi district
|North = [[Kheri district]]
|Northeast = [[Sitapur district]]
|East = [[Lucknow district]]
|Southeast = [[Unnao district]]
|South = [[Kanpur Nagar district]]
|Southwest = [[Kannauj district]]
|West = [[Farrukhabad district]]
|Northwest = [[Shahjahanpur district]]
}}

{{Hardoi district}}
{{Districts of Uttar Pradesh}}
{{Lucknow division topics}}
{{Authority control}}

{{Coord|27|25|N|80|15|E|region:IN_type:adm2nd|display=title}}

{{Uttar Pradesh}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hardoi District}}
[[Category:Hardoi district| ]]
[[Category:Districts of Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Lucknow division]]

Gorakh Prasad Jaiswal

2022-01-03T19:35:53Z

2405:201:6007:498F:FC88:3C3D:4734:419F:

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2015}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix =
| name = Gorakh Prasad Jaiswal
| honorific-suffix =
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| constituency = [[Deoria (Lok Sabha constituency)|Deoria]]<ref name=" Member Profile ">{{cite news|title= Member Profile|publisher= [[Lok Sabha]] website|accessdate=1 January 2014|url= http://164.100.47.132/LssNew/Members/Biography.aspx?mpsno=4302|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140108140952/http://164.100.47.132/LssNew/Members/Biography.aspx?mpsno=4302|archive-date= 8 January 2014|url-status= dead}}</ref>
| office = [[Member of Parliament]], [[Lok Sabha]]
| term = 2009–2014<ref name=" Member Profile " />
| predecessor = [[Mohan Singh]]
| successor = [[Kalraj Mishra]]
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1938|09|25}}<ref name=" Member Profile " />
| birth_place = [[Deoria, Uttar Pradesh|Deoria]], [[United Provinces (1937-50)|United Provinces]], [[British India]]
| death_date =
| death_place =
| birthname =
| nationality = Indian
| party = [[Bahujan Samaj Party]].<ref name=" Member Profile " />
| otherparty = 
| residence = [[Deoria, Uttar Pradesh|Deoria]] & New Delhi.<ref name=" Member Profile " />
| alma_mater =
| occupation =
| profession = [[Agriculture|Agriculturist]], Businessperson & Politician.<ref name=" Member Profile " />
| cabinet =
| committees = Member of one committee
| portfolio =
| religion =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}

''' Gorakh Prasad Jaiswal ''' (born 25 September 1938) is an Indian Politician and was a Member of [[Parliament of India|Parliament]] of the [[15th Lok Sabha]] of [[India]]. He represented the [[Deoria (Lok Sabha constituency)|Deoria]] constituency of [[Uttar Pradesh]] as a member of the [[Bahujan Samaj Party]] political party.<ref name=" Member Profile " /><ref name=" Detailed Profile ">{{cite news|title=Detailed Profile |publisher=Indian Government official website |accessdate=1 January 2014 |url=http://india.gov.in/my-government/indian-parliament/gorakh-prasad-jaiswal }}{{dead link|date=March 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

==Early life and education==
Gorakh Prasad Jaiswal was born in [[Deoria, Uttar Pradesh|Deoria]] in the state of [[Uttar Pradesh]]. His highest attained education is [[Matriculation#India|matriculation]]. By profession, he is an [[Agriculture|Agriculturist]] and a Businessperson.<ref name=" Member Profile"/>

==Political career==
Gorakh Prasad Jaiswal is a first time [[Member of Parliament#India|M.P]]. He succeeded [[Mohan Singh]] who was a [[Member of Parliament#India|M.P]] in the [[14th Lok Sabha]] and belonged to [[Samajwadi Party]].<ref name=" Member Profile " /><ref name=" Earlier Lok Sabha ">{{cite news|title=Earlier Lok Sabha|publisher=Lok Sabha website|accessdate=1 January 2014|url=http://164.100.47.132/LssNew/members/former_Biography.aspx?mpsno=3604|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140108140947/http://164.100.47.132/LssNew/members/former_Biography.aspx?mpsno=3604|archive-date=8 January 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Posts held==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! # !! From !! To !! Position
|-
| 01 || 2009 || 2014 || Member, [[15th Lok Sabha]]
|-
| 02 || 2009 || 2014 || Member, Committee on Petroleum and Natural Gas
|-
|}

==See also==
{{Portal|India}}
*[[15th Lok Sabha]]
*[[Politics of India]]
*[[Parliament of India]]
*[[Government of India]]
*[[Bahujan Samaj Party]]
*[[Deoria (Lok Sabha constituency)]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jaiswal, Gorakh Prasad}}
[[Category:15th Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:1938 births]]
[[Category:Bahujan Samaj Party politicians from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:People from Deoria, Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:People from Deoria district]]
[[Category:Living people]]

Ambedkar Nagar district

2022-01-03T15:42:31Z

2405:201:6007:498F:FC88:3C3D:4734:419F:

{{short description|District of Uttar Pradesh in India}}
{{distinguish|Dr. Ambedkar Nagar|Ambedkar Nagar, Jodhpur}}
{{More citations needed|date=June 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2019}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Ambedkar Nagar
| settlement_type = [[Districts of Uttar Pradesh|District of Uttar Pradesh]]
| total_type = Total
| native_name = Akbarpur
| image_map = India Uttar Pradesh districts 2012 Ambedkar Nagar.svg
| map_caption = Location of Ambedkar Nagar district in Uttar Pradesh
| coordinates =
| coor_pinpoint = Akbarpur, Ambedkar Nagar
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = State
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of India|Division]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Faizabad division]] (Ayodhya)
| established_title = Established
| established_date = {{start date and age|df=yes|1995|9|29}}
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Akbarpur, Ambedkar Nagar]]
| parts_type = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| parts_style = para
| p1 = [[Akbarpur, Ambedkar Nagar|Akbarpur]], [[Tanda, Ambedaker Nagar|Tanda]], [[Jalalpur]], [[Rajesultanpur|Alapur]], [[Bheeti]]
| area_total_km2 = 2350
| area_footnotes =
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 2,397,888
| population_footnotes =
| population_urban =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1 = 74.37%
| demographics1_title2 = Sex ratio
| demographics1_info2 = 976
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| leader_title1 = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name1 = 1. [[Ambedkar Nagar (Lok Sabha constituency)]]- Akbarpur, Jalalpur, Katehari, Tanda 2. [[Sant Kabir Nagar (Lok Sabha constituency)]]-Rajesultanpur, Alapur
| leader_title2 = [[Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name2 = 1. [[Katehari (Assembly constituency)|Katehari]] 2. [[Akbarpur (Assembly constituency)|Akbarpur]] 3. [[Tanda (Assembly constituency)|Tanda]] 4. [[Jalalpur (Assembly constituency)|Jalalpur]] 5. [[Alapur (Assembly constituency)|Alapur]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| registration_plate =
| blank_name_sec1 = [[Roads in India|Major highways]]
| blank_info_sec1 = [[National Highway 28 (India)|NH 28]], [[National Highway 128 (India)|NH 128]], [[National Highway 233A (India)|NH 233A]], [[National Highway 233B (India)|NH 233B]] State Highway 30 (Uttar Pradesh)
| blank_name_sec2 =
| blank_info_sec2 =
| website = http://ambedkarnagar.nic.in/
}}

'''Ambedkar Nagar''' is a district in [[Faizabad division]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]]. This district was established on 29 September 1995. It was built by the then Chief Minister [[Mayawati]] and named in memory of [[B. R. Ambedkar|Bhimrao Ambedkar]], who worked for the advancement of the deprived classes, women and other weaker sections of society. The total area of Ambedkar Nagar district is 2350 Sq. Km.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ambedkarnagar {{!}} Birthplace Of Ram Manohar Lohiya {{!}} India|url=https://ambedkarnagar.nic.in/|access-date=8 March 2021|language=en-US}}</ref>

==Geography==
Ambedkar Nagar is located on the north-eastern part of Uttar Pradesh. It lies between 26° 09' N to 26° 40' N latitudes and 82° 12' E to 83° 05' E longitudes. It is bounded on the north by Basti and Sant Kabir Nagar districts, on the north-east by Gorakhpur district, on the south by Sultanpur district, on the west by Faizabad district, on the east by Azamgarh district, and on the south east by Shahganj tehsil of Jaunpur district. The total area of the district is {{cvt|2,520|km2}}>. The total length of the district from east to west is approximately {{cvt|75|km}} and the breadth from north to south is about {{cvt|42|km}}.

The district of Ambedkar Nagar forms a part of the central Ganga basin. The soils of the Ambedkar Nagar district are alluvium.

The [[Sarayu]] River is the main river and is located at the northern boundary of the district. The Tanda, Rajesultanpur, Ramnagar and Baskhari blocks are located along this river and use its water for irrigation. Irrigation in the Baskhari block is also from Lake Devhat, the [[Rajesultanpur]] Lake and the [[Hanswar]] Lake. Lake Darvan provides water in the Katehari block. The Akbarpur, Bhiti, Bhiyaon, and Jalalpur blocks depend upon smaller rivers and seasonal streams. The city of Akbarpur is situated on the banks of the River [[Tamsa River|Tons (Tamsa)]], which divides the city into the two parts Akbarpur and Shahzadpur, with the latter being the main commercial centre of the city.

===Climate===
The climate of the district resembles that of eastern Uttar Pradesh. It is characterised by a rhythm of seasons, which are produced by south-west and north-east monsoon. The reversal of winds takes place twice a year. The climate of the district may be classified into three distinct seasons.
* Cold weather season (November to February)
* Hot weather season (March to mid-June)
* Season of rains (mid-June to October)

The cold weather season lasts from November to February. In November, the belt of high pressure extends from north-west India and covers the whole of the Uttar Pradesh. The temperature beings to decline and the maximum and minimum are {{cvt|32.15 and 8.95|°C}} respectively, in this month. The prevailing winds blow from west to east and are influenced by the pressure distribution and pattern of the Himalayas.

==Cities and towns==
===Ambedkar Nagar Nagar Panchayat and Nagar Palika===
* [[Akbarpur, Ambedkar Nagar|Akbarpur]]
* [[Tanda, Ambedaker Nagar|Tanda]]
* [[Rajesultanpur]]
* [[Jalalpur]]
* [[Ashrafpur Kichhauchha]]
* [[Iltifatganj]]
* [[Jahangir Ganj]]

===Blocks===
* [[Akbarpur, Ambedkar Nagar|Akbarpur]]
* [[Baskhari]]
* [[Bhiti]]
* [[Bhiyaon]]
* [[Jahangeerganj|Jahangir Ganj]]
* [[Jalalpur]]
* [[Katehari]]
* [[Ramnagar, Alapur]]
* [[Tanda, Ambedkar Nagar|Tanda]]

==Demography==
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=6,41,783|13=1911|14=6,04,679|15=1921|16=6,14,107|17=1931|18=6,31,356|19=1941|20=6,91,971|21=1951|22=7,77,416|23=1961|24=8,66,321|25=1971|26=10,46,122|27=1981|28=12,91,125|29=1991|30=16,29,353|31=2001|32=20,26,876|33=2011|34=23,97,888|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html |title=Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901 |website=censusindia.gov.in|access-date=30 January 2021}}</ref>|align=right}}

According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Ambedkar Nagar district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 2,397,888,<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 30 September 2011 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 186th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert| 1021 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} .<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 18.35%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Ambedkar Nagar has a [[sex ratio]] of 976 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 74.37%.<ref name=districtcensus/> The distribution of population in each block is controlled by physical conditions and socio-economic causes. Akbarpur block has the highest share of population (16.56%t) of the study area, followed by Jalalpur (13.80%), Tanda (12.32%), Ramnagar (10.26%), Katehri (10.03%), Bhiyaon (9.78%), Baskhari (9.53%), Jahangirganj (9.17%) and Bhiti (8.55%).

===Languages===
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
| caption=Ambedkar Nagar District: mother-tongue of population, according to the 2011 Census.<ref name="census2011-C16"/>
|label1 = Hindi
|value1 = 79.45
|color1 = Orange
|label2 = Awadhi
|value2 = 10.71
|color2 = Tomato
|label3 = Urdu
|value3 = 8.09
|color3 = Green
|label4 = Bhojpuri |value4 = 1.63 |color4 = Yellow
|label5 = Others
|value5 = 0.12
|color5 = Gray
}}

The official languages of the district are [[Hindi]] and [[Urdu]]. The most spoken languages of Ambedkarnagar district are [[Hindi]] and [[Awadhi]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Ambedkar Nagar district - About |url=http://ambedkarnagar.nic.in/ |access-date=23 May 2019}}</ref> At the time of the [[2011 Census of India]], 91.82% of the population in the district spoke [[Hindi]] (or a related language including Awadhi, Bhojpuri and Chhattisgarhi) and 8.09% [[Urdu]] as their first language.<ref name="census2011-C16"/>

{|class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
! colspan=4| Ambedkar Nagar district: mother-tongue of population, according to the 2011 Census.<ref name="census2011-C16">{{cite report |title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue – Uttar Pradesh |url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-0900.XLSX |publisher = Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India |access-date=15 July 2020}}</ref>
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
! Mother tongue code
! Mother tongue
! People
! Percentage
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
|| 002007 || [[Bengali language|Bengali]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 303
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.01%
|- valign-top
|| 006030 || [[Awadhi language|Awadhi]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 256,822
| style="text-align:right;" | 10.71%
|- valign-top
|| 006102 || [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 39,100
| style="text-align:right;" | 1.63%
|- valign-top
|| 006142 || [[Chhattisgarhi language|Chhattisgarhi]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 490
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.02%
|- valign-top
|| 006240 || [[Hindi]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 1,905,077
| style="text-align:right;" | 79.45%
|- valign-top
|| 015043 || [[Odia language|Odia]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 504
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.02%
|- valign-top
|| 016038 || [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 362
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.02%
|- valign-top
|| 022015 || [[Urdu language|Urdu]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 193,932
| style="text-align:right;" | 8.09%
|- valign-top
|| 028001 || [[Arabic language|Arabic/Arbi]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 474
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.02%
|- valign-top
| style="text-align:center;" | –
|| [[Languages of India|Others]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 824
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.03%
|-valign=top class="sortbottom"
| colspan=2 | Total
| style="text-align:right;" | 2,397,888
| style="text-align:right;" | 0.03%
|-
|}

==Economy==
Ambedkar Nagar is known for its textile industry, power plant, sugar plant and cement manufacturing plant. Tanda town is well known for its "Tanda [[Terrycloth|Terrycot]]".<ref>{{cite news |last1=Varma |first1=Subodh |title=Region where almost all kids anaemic {{!}} Uttar-Pradesh Election News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/uttar-pradesh/news/region-where-almost-all-kids-anaemic/articleshow/57339178.cms |access-date=5 January 2021 |work=The Times of India |date=25 February 2017 |language=en}}</ref> The major economic activity of the district is agro-based industries, firms small, power looms and farming. There is a thermal power plant belonging to the NTPC called [[Tanda thermal power plant]] at Makhdoom Nagar area near Tanda. Jaypee Group (Jaypee Ayoudha Greeding) has set up a cement manufacturing plant at Naseebjot Village near Tanda. The district has a sugar factory called Akbarpur Sugar Mill, which is situated near Mijhaura, about ten kilometres from the district headquarters. Akbarpur is a very important town and district headquarter of Ambedkar Nagar district with active participation in the production of plastic along with farm based products.

In 2006 the [[Ministry of Panchayati Raj]] named Ambedkar Nagar one of the country's 250 [[Poverty in India|most backward districts]] (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=brgf/> It is one of the 34 districts in Uttar Pradesh currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).<ref name=brgf>{{cite web|author=Ministry of Panchayati Raj |date=8 September 2009 |title=A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme |publisher=National Institute of Rural Development |url=http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |access-date=27 September 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |archive-date=5 April 2012 }}</ref>

==Education==
===Medical and engineering colleges===

* [[Mahamaya Rajkiya Allopathic Medical College]], a government [[Medical college]] in [[Akbarpur, Ambedkar Nagar|Akbarpur]]
* [[Rajkiya Engineering College, Ambedkar Nagar]], a government [[Engineering education in India|Engineering College]] in Akbarpur
* [[Mahamaya College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology]], a government Agriculture [[Engineering education in India|Engineering college]] in Akbarpur
* [[VJV College of Technology]], Ramnagar



===Other colleges===

* [[Ramabai Government Women Post Graduate College]]
* [[Hira Public School]], [[Hanswar]], [[Ambedkar Nagar]]
* [[BBS PG College]]. Rajesultanpur
* [[Pt. Ram Lakhan Shukla Rajkeey Post Graduate College Alapur]]
* [[SLJB PG College]]
* [[Gandhi Smarak Inter College, Rajesultanpur]]
* [[Rahul Sankrityayan Inter College Rajesultanpur]]
* [[RMRS PG College]]
* [[Raj Inter College]], [[Rajesultanpur]]
*[[Gandhi Smarak Inter College, Rajesultanpur|Gandhi Smarak Inter College]], Natthupur Laudhna


==Tourism==
The shrine of [[Ashraf Jahangir Semnani]]<ref>'Hayate Makhdoom Syed [[Ashraf Jahangir Semnani]](1975), Second Edition(2017) {{ISBN|978-93-85295-54-6}}, Maktaba Jamia Ltd, Shamshad Market, Aligarh 202002, [[India]].</ref> is located in Kicchocha Sharif (Kichhauchha Sharif).

==Media==
Ambedkar Nagar has some active media groups which continuously give news updates on Ambedkar Nagar news in Hindi, including breaking news and current news. These media groups include ''[[Amar Ujala]]'',<ref name=NSP>{{cite news|title=Hindi Newspapers|url=http://www.amarujala.com/uttar-pradesh/ambedkar-nagar|newspaper=[[Amar Ujala]]|access-date=13 July 2016}}</ref> ''[[Dainik Jagaran]]'', ''Avadhnama Urdu'' ''[[Dainik Bhaskar]]'', ''[[Hindustan (newspaper)|Hindustan]]'' and ''Soochna News''.{{citation needed|date=September 2020}}

==Notable people==
[[File:Ram_Manohar_Lohia_1977_stamp_of_India.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Ram Manohar Lohia]]]]
[[File:Arunima_sinha.png|thumb|upright|[[Arunima Sinha]]]]


* [[Masood Ahmad]], Ex-MLA Tanda and member of the 1993 Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh of India.
* [[Muhammad Madni Ashraf Ashrafi Al-Jilani]], Grand Mufti of India and Islamic scholar, Sufi, author
* [[Syed Amin Ashraf]] (1931-2013), Urdu poet and academic at Department of English, Aligarh Muslim University, from Kichaucha Sharif
* [[Syed Waheed Ashraf]], Sufi poet and scholar of Persian and Urdu languages hailing from Kichaucha Sharif in Ambedkar Nagar district
* [[Mahdi Hasan]], anatomist and Padma Shree awardee
* [[Anwar Jalalpuri]] (1947 - 2 January 2018) an Urdu poet from Jalalpur, Ambedkar Nagar, who translated the Bhagavad Gita from Sanskrit to Urdu.
* [[Ram Manohar Lohia]], politician from [[Akbarpur, Ambedkar Nagar|Akbarpur]]
* [[Hashmi Miya]], Muslim scholar, Sufi, author, also known as Syed Mohammed Hashmi Ashrafi Al Jilani
* [[Azimulhaq Pahalwan]], Ex-MLA Tanda and member of the Sixteenth Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh of India.
* [[Hari Om Pandey]], member of parliament from BJP
* [[Ritesh Pandey]], politician
* [[Arunima Sinha]], first Indian woman amputee to climb Mount Everest
* [[Lalji Verma]] Ex. Minister Uttar Pradesh government and leader of the BSP legislative assembly.
* [[Ram Murti Verma]], Ex-MLA Akbarpur.



==Bus stations==
* [[Akbarpur, Ambedkar Nagar|Akbarpur]]
* [[Tanda, Ambedkar Nagar|Tanda]]
* [[Rajesultanpur]]
* [[Baskhari]]
* [[Hanswar]]
* [[Jahangir Ganj]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Ambedkar Nagar district}}

{{Uttar Pradesh}}

[[Category:Ambedkar Nagar district| ]]
[[Category:Districts of Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:1995 establishments in Uttar Pradesh]]

Jayender Kumar Dabas

2021-12-27T16:38:28Z

2405:201:6007:498F:FC88:3C3D:4734:419F:

{{short description|Indian politician and is councillor|bot=PearBOT 5}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2020}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix =
| name = Jayender Kumar Dabas
| honorific-suffix =
| image = File:Jayender Kumar Dabas.jpg
| alt =
| caption =
| constituency = [[Rani Khera, Delhi|Rani Khera]], [[Mundka (Delhi Assembly constituency)|Mundka]]
| office = [[Councillor]] (Delhi)<ref name="Member Profile">{{cite web|url=http://www.myneta.info/delhi2017/candidate.php?candidate_id=1111|title=Jayender Kumar Dabas(Bharatiya Janata Party(BJP)):Constituency- 036-N-RANI KHERA(NORTH DELHI) – Affidavit Information of Candidate|website=myneta.info}}</ref>
| term_start = 26 April 2017
| term_end =
| predecessor =
| successor =
| constituency2 =

| office1 = Chairman, Narela Zone, North MCD
| term_start1 = 26 June 2020
| term_end1 =
| predecessor1 = Sunit Chauhan
| office2 = Member, Delhi Development Authority
| term_start2 = 18 June 2018
| term_end2 = 31 December 2018
| predecessor2 = Veena Virmani
| successor2 =
| office3 = Member, Standing committee , North MCD
| term_start3 = 18 May 2017
| term_end3 = 30 May 2018
| predecessor3 =
| successor3 =
| constituency3 =
| office4 = Leader of the House, North MCD
| term_start4 = 31 July 2017
| term_end4 = 25 May 2018
| predecessor4 =
| successor4 = Tilakraj Kataria
| office5 = President, District Outer Delhi, Bhartiya Janta Party, Delhi Pardesh
| term_start5 = 27 October 2014
| term_end5 = 16 December 2016
| predecessor5 = Vinay Rawat
| successor5 = Vinay Rawat

| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=y|1968|01|01}}<ref name="Member Profile2"/>
| birth_place = [[Delhi]], [[India]]<ref name="Member Profile"/>
| birthname =
| parents = Mahabir Singh (father)<ref name="Member Profile"/>
| citizenship =
| nationality = Indian
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| otherparty =
| spouse = Sunita Dabas<ref name="Member Profile"/>
| partner =
| relations =
| children = 2 sons; Arun Dabas, Tarun Dabas
| residence = Village Madanpur Dabas
| occupation =
| profession = Politician
}}
'''Jayender Kumar Dabas''' is an Indian politician and [[municipal council]]lor. He is Chairman, Narela Zone, [[North Delhi Municipal Corporation]] (NDMC; North DMC). A member of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP), he represents Ward 36, [[Rani Khera, Delhi|Rani Khera]], which is in [[North West Delhi]], within the NDMC.<ref name=" Election result ">{{cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/elections/delhi/mcd/rani-khera-mcd-north-ward-result|title=RANI KHERA Elections Result 2017, MCD North, Delhi|website=NDTV.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/interactives/mcd-election-candidates-2017/ward-rani-khera|title=Find out who won in Rani Khera in the MCD elections.|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref>

==Early life and education==
Jayender Kumar Dabas was born on 1 January 1967 in [[Madanpur Dabas]] village, North West District of Delhi, to Mahabir Singh, a farmer, and Channo Devi. He was educated to [[twelfth grade]] and then completed an [[industrial training institute]] (ITI) certificate course at Delhi in 1988.<ref name="Member Profile2">{{cite web|website= DElhi State Election Commission|url=http://www.delhi.gov.in/wps/wcm/connect/doit_dsec/Delhi+State+Election+Commission/Home/M+C+D+General+Election+2017/Affidavit/NDMC-Affidavit/Ward-036N/JAYENDER%20KUMAR%20DABAS|title=Jayender Kumar Dabas(Bharatiya Janata Party(BJP)):Constituency- 036-N-RANI KHERA(NORTH DELHI) – Affidavit Information of Candidate}}</ref>

==Post held==
He began his socio-political journey as a volunteer in the [[Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh]] and later worked in the BJP on various posts.
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! S.No !! From !! To !! Position !!
|-
| 01 || 2020 || Present || Chairman, Narela Zone, North MCD ||
|-
| 02 || 2018 || 2019 || Member, [[Delhi Development Authority]] ||
|-
| 03 || 2017 || 2018 || Leader of the House, North MCD ||
|-
| 04 || 2017 || 2018 || Member Standing Committee, North MCD ||
|-
| 05 || 2017 ||Present|| Councillor, from ward 36N Rani Khera Of [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP) ||
|-
| 06 || 2014 || 2016 || District President, outer Delhi Bharatiya Janata Party ||
|-
| 07 || 2010 || 2012 || General Secretary , Outer delhi District Bharatiya Janata Party ||
|-
| 08 || 2008 || 2010 || Secretary, Kishan Morcha Delhi State Bharatiya Janata Party ||
|-
| 09 || 2003 || 2007 || General Secretary, Bawana District Bharatiya Janata Party ||
|-
| 10 || 2000 || 2002 || Youth District President, Bawana District Bharatiya Janata Party ||
|-
| 11 || 1992 || 1994 || General Secretary, Bawana Mandal Bharatiya Janata Party ||
|-
| 12 || 1990 || 1992 || Secretary, Kanjhawala Mandal Bharatiya Janata Party ||
|-
|}

<ref>{{cite web|title=Swacchh Bharat |url=https://swachhbharat.mygov.in/user/3146193|place=Delhi |date=2 October 2016 |accessdate=9 April 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jagran.com/delhi/new-delhi-city-13728653.html|title=दिल्ली सरकार ने पिछले वर्ष भी नहीं दिया फसलों का मुआवजा : सतीश उपाध्याय|website=Dainik Jagran}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/metro/delhi/other-news/-/articleshow/7078650.cms|title=बीजेपी : बाहरी जिला के पदाधिकारियों का ऐलान|website=Navbharat Times|accessdate=23 September 2020}}</ref>

==Electoral politics==
Jayender Kumar Dabas is a member of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP). For his first term as Councillor, he defeated Krishan Rathi of [[Aam Aadmi Party]] (AAP) by a margin of 5989 votes in the [[2017 Municipal Corporation of Delhi election]]. Dabas also served as Leader of the House of NMCD from 2017 to 2018, and as a standing committee member for NMCD. He also worked as DDA Member{{explain|date=November 2021}}. He is Chairman, Narela Zone, NMCD.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tOkBI9-fx8Q|title=Leader of the House North MCD Shri Jayender Dabas interview on dilli aaj tak on budget|last=Tarun Dabas|via=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.ptinews.com/news/8846671_BJP-announces-Leader-of-House-for-all-three-civic-bodies.html | title=Fullstory}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dabas, Jayender}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from New Delhi]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Delhi]]
[[Category:1968 births]]

Arun Sood

2021-12-27T16:08:00Z

2405:201:6007:498F:FC88:3C3D:4734:419F:

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2017}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Arun Sood
| image =
| caption =
| birth_date = 22 May 1971 (age 50)
| birth_place = [[Moga, Punjab|Moga]], [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], [[India]]
| residence = [[Chandigarh]]
| death_date =
| death_place =
| office = President of
[[Bharatiya Janata Party]], [[Chandigarh]] unit
| term_start = 18 January 2020
| office1 = Mayor of [[Chandigarh]]
| term_start1 = 8 January 2016
| term_end1 = 31 December 2016
| nationality = [[India]]n
| constituency1 = [[Chandigarh]]
| successor1 =
| predecessor1 = Poonam Sharma
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| children = Son & Daughter
| website =
| footnotes =
| date =
| year =
| source =
}}

'''Arun Sood''' (born 22 May 1971) is an Indian politician from [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] serving as city President of [[Bharatiya Janata Party, Chandigarh]] as elected on 18 January 2020. He has also served as 20th Mayor of [[Chandigarh]] elected on January 2016. He is the third person from the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] to become the Mayor of [[Municipal Corporation Chandigarh]], after [[Kamla Sharma]] in 1997 and [[Shanta Hit Abhilashi]] in 2000. He was a member of [[Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad]]. He is an advocate at [[Punjab and Haryana High Court]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=BJP sweeps mayoral polls Arun Sood new mayor of Chandigarh|url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/state-editions/chandigarh/bjp-sweeps-mayoral-polls-arun-sood-new-mayor-of-chandigarh.html|url-status=live|access-date=2021-10-03|website=www.dailypioneer.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=January 3, 2016|title=Arun Sood to be BJP's candidate for mayor {{!}} Chandigarh News - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/arun-sood-to-be-bjps-candidate-for-mayor/articleshow/50424674.cms|access-date=2021-10-03|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-01-11|title=Will end deadlock between MC & administration: Chandigarh Mayor Arun Sood|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chandigarh/will-end-deadlock-between-mc-administration-chandigarh-mayor-arun-sood/|access-date=2021-10-03|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Best friends Bassi, Arun Sood to slug it out for Mayor’s post|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/features/best-friends-bassi-arun-sood-to-slug-it-out-for-mayors-post-179556|access-date=2021-10-03|website=Tribuneindia News Service|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-01-05|title=Congress’ Bassi to take on BJP’s Sood for mayor’s post|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/congress-bassi-to-take-on-bjp-s-sood-for-mayor-s-post/story-tQxeRLJwpCvhYvPbR95ZhK.html|access-date=2021-10-03|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.yespunjab.com/punjab/news/item/83466-arun-sood-elected-chandigarh-mayor-bjp-wrests-post-after-15-years |title=Arun Sood elected Chandigarh mayor: BJP wrests post after 15 years |access-date=3 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160510184653/http://www.yespunjab.com/punjab/news/item/83466-arun-sood-elected-chandigarh-mayor-bjp-wrests-post-after-15-years |archive-date=10 May 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sood, Arun}}
[[Category:1972 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Chandigarh local politicians]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Chandigarh]]
[[Category:Place of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Mayors of places in India]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian politicians]]

{{Chandigarh-BJP-politician-stub}}
{{India-mayor-stub}}