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		<id>https://indianpedia.org/index.php?title=K._C._Pant&amp;diff=329936</id>
		<title>K. C. Pant</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://indianpedia.org/index.php?title=K._C._Pant&amp;diff=329936"/>
		<updated>2022-05-31T18:57:30Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;2405:204:A683:141F:0:0:2818:28A4: &lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;{{COI|date=March 2016}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{EngvarB|date=May 2014}}&lt;br /&gt;
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{{Infobox officeholder&lt;br /&gt;
| name               = Krishna Chandra Pant&lt;br /&gt;
| image              = The Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission Shri K.C. Pant speaking at the inauguration of the &amp;quot;6 Asian Security Conference&amp;quot; organized by the Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA) in New Delhi on January 27, 2004.jpg&lt;br /&gt;
| imagesize          =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| caption            = The Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission Shri K.C. Pant speaking at the inauguration of the &amp;quot;6 Asian Security Conference&amp;quot; organized by the [[Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses]] (IDSA) in New Delhi on January 27, 2004&lt;br /&gt;
| birth_date         = {{birth date|1931|08|10|df=y}}&lt;br /&gt;
| birth_place        = [[Bhowali]], [[United Provinces of British India|United Provinces]], [[British India]] &lt;br /&gt;
| death_date         = {{death date and age|2012|11|15|1931|08|10|df=y}}&lt;br /&gt;
| death_place        = [[Delhi]], [[India]]&lt;br /&gt;
| party              = [[Indian National Congress]] &amp;amp; [[Bhartiya Janata Party]]&lt;br /&gt;
| order              = 18th [[Minister of Defence (India)]]&lt;br /&gt;
| term_start         = 1987&lt;br /&gt;
| term_end           = 1989&lt;br /&gt;
| predecessor        = &lt;br /&gt;
| successor          =&lt;br /&gt;
| order2             = 23rd Deputy Chairman, [[Planning Commission of India]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite web|url=http://planningcommission.nic.in/aboutus/history/past_dch.pdf |title= List of Deputy Chairman of Planning Commission of India |publisher=Planning Commission of India }}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| term_start2        = 1999&lt;br /&gt;
| term_end2          = 2004&lt;br /&gt;
| predecessor2       = &lt;br /&gt;
| successor2         = &lt;br /&gt;
| order3             = &lt;br /&gt;
| term_start3        = &lt;br /&gt;
| term_end3          = &lt;br /&gt;
| predecessor3       = &lt;br /&gt;
| successor3         = &lt;br /&gt;
| spouse             = [[Ila Pant]]&lt;br /&gt;
| children           = 2&lt;br /&gt;
| footnotes          =&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Krishna Chandra Pant&#039;&#039;&#039; (10 August 1931 – 15 November 2012) was an Indian Member of Parliament for 26 years and was the Prime Minister&#039;s interlocutor on Kashmir.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl1809/18090390.htm|title=The Pant mission|access-date=13 September 2017}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He was a cabinet minister in the [[Government of India]] and held several constitutional positions over a period of 37 years. Pant had held the positions of [[Minister of Defence (India)|Minister for Defence]], Minister of state for Home Affairs, Minister of Steel and Heavy Engineering, Finance, Atomic Energy and Science and Technology.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;economictimes&amp;quot; /&amp;gt; He was the First Chairman of the Advisory Board on Energy, Chairman of the 10th Finance Commission and the [[Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission|Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission of India]], the economic planning body of India; his Vision 2020 document was published as &#039;&#039;India&#039;s Development Scenario, Next Decade and Beyond&#039;&#039;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite web|url=http://academicfoundation.org/index.php?route=product/product&amp;amp;product_id=490|title=India&#039;s Development Scenario Next Decade and Beyond....(A Set of 2 Volumes) K.C. Pant (Ed.)|website=ACADEMIC FOUNDATION|access-date=7 September 2017}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Early life and family==&lt;br /&gt;
Krishna Chandra Pant (K.C. Pant), informally known as &#039;&#039;&amp;quot;Raja&amp;quot;&#039;&#039; was born to the freedom fighter [[Govind Ballabh Pant]]&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;economictimes&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite web | url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-11-15/news/35133283_1_govind-ballabh-pant-k-c-pant-bjp-ticket | title=An old school politician: Krishna Chandra Pant | publisher=[[The Times Group]] | work=[[The Economic Times]] | date=15 November 2012 | access-date=13 February 2016}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and Smt. Kalawati Pant on 10 August 1931 in Bhowali – Kumaon region of the Himalayas, United Provinces (now [[Uttarakhand]]). His early years were spent in Nainital and his schooling was in [[St. Joseph&#039;s College, Nainital]]. He moved to Lucknow, post-independence when his father was appointed as the Chief Minister of the State of Uttar Pradesh. He completed his post graduation from Lucknow University and went to Germany for further studies. In 1957, he married [[Ila Pant]] in Nainital.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Executive positions held ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Minister of the State for Home Affairs (1971–1973) ===&lt;br /&gt;
In the early 70&#039;s, after winning the Lok-Sabha parliamentary election from Nainital, he took over his first ministerial posting as the minister of state for Home Affairs,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite book|title=War and Secession: Pakistan, India and creation of Bangladesh|last=Sisson|first=Richard|publisher=University of California Press|year=1990|isbn=0-520-06280-9|location=Oxford|pages=[https://archive.org/details/warsecessionpaki00siss/page/139 139]|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/warsecessionpaki00siss/page/139}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and resolved two very critical issues of the time. First, he negotiated to maintain Andhra-Telangana as a single state.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-newdelhi/an-old-school-politician-known-for-negotiating-skills/article4104108.ece|title=An old school politician known for negotiating skills|access-date=13 September 2017}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Secondly he helped the North Eastern states where there was a churning due to Meghalaya being granted full statehood.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite journal|title=THE AUTONOMOUS STATE OF MEGHALAYA|url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/67850/24/24_chapter%2019.pdf|journal=Shodhganga|pages=23}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Minister of Education ===&lt;br /&gt;
Pant was appointed as the Minister for Education in 1985. During his tenure he came up with some major campaigns like Education for the Blind, Mass Literacy Campaign, Delinking jobs from degrees, Education for all initiative, Model School for all the districts and some major job oriented programmes. He also presented and passed the proposal for setting up an open university that would provide higher education to everyone. It was named Indira Gandhi National Open University – IGNOU.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-newdelhi/IGNOU-to-honour-K.C.-Pant-former-V-Cs/article16049075.ece|title=IGNOU to honour K.C. Pant, former V-Cs|date=27 September 2010|work=The Hindu|access-date=4 October 2017}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Minister of Defence (1987–1989) ===&lt;br /&gt;
Pant was Union Minister for Defence for the years 1987–89. The major initiatives taken by him were Modernisation of Defence equipment and services upgrading and making it self–sufficient, improving the foreign ties with Russia, US and other countries. He also played a major role in the Agni and Prithvi missile programmes.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite book|title=Presidents of India, 1950–2003|last=Raj Jai|first=Janak|publisher=Astral International (P) Ltd|year=2003|isbn=9788187498650|pages=314}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/492070/many-rocket-failures-shaped-missile.html|title=Many rocket failures shaped the &#039;Missile Man&#039;|date=29 July 2015|work=Deccan Herald|access-date=4 October 2017}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.dailypioneer.com/columnists/oped/kalams-blueprint-for-a-new-india.html|title=KALAM&#039;S BLUEPRINT FOR A NEW INDIA|date=30 July 2015|work=The Pioneer|access-date=4 October 2017}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Executive Bodies Positions Held ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Chairman of the 10th Finance Commission (1992–95) ===&lt;br /&gt;
Pant was appointed as the Chairman of the 10th Finance Commission&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite web|url=http://fincomindia.nic.in/ShowContent.aspx?uid1=3&amp;amp;uid2=0&amp;amp;uid3=0&amp;amp;uid4=0&amp;amp;uid5=0&amp;amp;uid6=0&amp;amp;uid7=0|title=TENTH FINANCE COMMISSION|website=FincomIndia|access-date=13 September 2017}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; by the then Prime Minister Narsimha Rao. He was responsible for giving recommendations for the distributions of the net proceeds of taxes between the Union and the States and also on the norms related to the grants-in-aid allotted to the states to raise their income in addition to other activities like suggesting changes with respect to the net proceeds in terms of additional excise duties etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Deputy Chairman Task Force for establishing the National Security Council (1998) ===&lt;br /&gt;
Pant was responsible for heading the Long term strategic planning and formulation of strategy of national security, for the coordination of current decision making and followup of policy implementation and for coordinated intelligence assessment for national security planning and management as the Deputy Chairman of the National Security Council.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite news|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/national-security-council-unlikely-to-make-a-mark-due-to-lack-of-innovation/1/265382.html|title=National Security Council unlikely to make a mark due to lack of innovation|access-date=13 September 2017}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Deputy Chairman of the National Commission on Population (1999) ===&lt;br /&gt;
Under Pant&#039;s tenure, the National Population Policy with the objective of Population Control, was constituted on 11 April 2000.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/2004/10/13/stories/2004101306331200.htm|title=Population Commission to come under Health Ministry|date=13 October 2014|work=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=4 October 2017}}{{dead link|date=April 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission (1999–2004) ===&lt;br /&gt;
The Planning Commission was headed by the then Prime Minister, A.B Vajpayee and K.C Pant was appointed as the Deputy Chairman.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite web|url=http://planningcommission.nic.in/aboutus/history/past_dch.pdf|title=List of Deputy Chairman of Planning Commission of India|website=Planning Commission, Government of India|access-date=4 October 2017}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He, along with his committee members, focused on agricultural development to achieve the goal of Hunger Free India. To ensure food security, he implemented strategies to double the food production, increase the employment and income in the agricultural sector, improved the rural infrastructure through poverty alleviation schemes and started distributing free food grains to the people below the poverty line. During his tenure, he concentrated on the other sectors too. In the education sector, investment was made in the PM&#039;s Special Action Plan for the expansion and improvement of social infrastructure in education. Then, measures were adopted to increase the employment in the country. Measures were taken to improve the health of the industrial, railway and telecommunication sectors. On 1 January 2004 Pant as a Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission in his official statement confirmed that India&#039;s GDP growth was at 8%.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite journal|date=December 2002|title=India Vision 2020|url=http://planningcommission.nic.in/reports/genrep/pl_vsn2020.pdf|journal=Planning Commission, Government of India}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
He was Chairman of the 10th Finance Commission.  Chairman, Centre for Research and Information Systems for the Non-Aligned and Other Developing Countries (RIS), New Delhi; Chairman, G.B. Pant Social Science Institute, Allahabad; and, Co-Chairman, Indo-UK Round Table.&lt;br /&gt;
K.C. Pant has represented India in several International Forums from 1965 onwards. He has widely travelled in India and abroad.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Death==&lt;br /&gt;
K C Pant died on 15 November 2012 at the age of 81.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/former-defence-minister-kc-pant-dead-292847 |title=Former Defence Minister KC Pant dead |publisher=NDTV.com |date= 15 November 2012|access-date=15 November 2012}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite web|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/kc-pant-dead/1/229289.html |title=Former defence minister K.C. Pant passes away; PM and Antony offer condolences|publisher=India Today |date= 15 November 2012}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://www.podomatic.com/podcasts/anilrajvanshi/episodes/2020-04-29T01_33_20-07_00 An eulogy for Shri K.C.Pant],&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He left behind his wife [[Ila Pant]] and two sons.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See also==&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Govind Ballabh Pant]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Ila Pant]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist|30em}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== External links ==&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.rediff.com/news/1998/jan/31pant.htm Interview with K.C. Pant]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20081204100036/http://planningcommission.nic.in/aboutus/history/kcprobody.htm Detailed Portfolio]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/kc-pant-passes-away/article4098401.ece K.C. Pant passes away]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{s-start}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{s-off}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{s-bef | before = [[V. P. Singh]]}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{s-ttl | title = [[Minister of Defence (India)|Minister of Defence]]&lt;br /&gt;
| years = 1987–1989}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{s-aft | after = [[Chandra Shekhar Singh]]}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{s-end}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{Energy Ministries and Departments of India}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Authority control}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{commons category}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{DEFAULTSORT:Pant, K. C.}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Uttarakhand]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:1931 births]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:2012 deaths]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Uttarakhand politicians]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:University of Lucknow alumni]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Defence Ministers of India]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Rajya Sabha members from Uttar Pradesh]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Members of the Planning Commission of India]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:3rd Lok Sabha members]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:4th Lok Sabha members]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:5th Lok Sabha members]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:8th Lok Sabha members]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Delhi]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Leaders of the Rajya Sabha]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Education Ministers of India]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Ministers of Power of India]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Lok Dal politicians]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Indian National Congress (U) politicians]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>2405:204:A683:141F:0:0:2818:28A4</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://indianpedia.org/index.php?title=Choli&amp;diff=330177</id>
		<title>Choli</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://indianpedia.org/index.php?title=Choli&amp;diff=330177"/>
		<updated>2022-05-31T17:40:54Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;2405:204:A683:141F:0:0:2818:28A4: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{short description|Type of blouse, worn with the sari}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{About||the villages in Iran|Cheli, Iran (disambiguation){{!}}Cheli, Iran|the village in Cyprus|Choli, Cyprus}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Choli.jpg|thumb|Woman in choli c. 1872.]]&lt;br /&gt;
A &#039;&#039;&#039;choli&#039;&#039;&#039; ([[Hindi]]: चोली, [[Urdu]]: چولی, {{lang-gu| ચોળી}}, {{lang-mr|चोळी}}, [[Nepali language|Nepali]]: चोलो &#039;&#039;cholo&#039;&#039;) (known in South India as &#039;&#039;ravike&#039;&#039; ([[Kannada language|Kannada]]: ರವಿಕೆ, [[Telugu language|Telugu]]: రవికె, [[Tamil language|Tamil]]: ரவிக்கை)) is a [[blouse]] or a [[bodice]]-like upper garment that is commonly cut short leaving the [[midriff]] bare, it is worn along with a [[sari]] in the [[Indian subcontinent]]. The choli is also part of the [[Gagra choli|ghagra choli]] costume in the Indian subcontinent.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In Northern Gujarat bordering Rajasthan, Palanpur in particular (Banaskantha), Polku, {{lang-gu| પોલકું}} word was used.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Evolution==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Kutch blouse.jpg|thumb|Choli from [[Gujarat]] at the [[Peabody Essex Museum]].]]&lt;br /&gt;
{{multiple image&lt;br /&gt;
| align = right&lt;br /&gt;
| direction = vertical&lt;br /&gt;
| width = 170&lt;br /&gt;
| header = &lt;br /&gt;
| image1 = Choli.JPG&lt;br /&gt;
| alt1 = Choli&lt;br /&gt;
| caption1 = &lt;br /&gt;
| image2 = Choli2.JPG&lt;br /&gt;
| alt2 = Choli&lt;br /&gt;
| caption2 = Traditional choli tied at the back from [[Braj]] region of [[Uttar Pradesh]].&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Ghagra Choli.jpg|thumb|upright|Woman in an ancient form of long, front-covering choli, tied at the back.]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:ರವಿಕೆ - ವ&amp;amp;ಅ ಮುಸೆಉಮ್.jpg|thumb|Ravike from [[Karnataka]] with [[Kasuti]] embroidery c. 1855–1879. [[Victoria and Albert Museum|V&amp;amp;A Museum]].]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The choli evolved from the ancient &#039;&#039;[[stanapatta]]&#039;&#039;, also known as &#039;&#039;kurpsika&#039;&#039; or &#039;&#039;[[Kanchuka|kanchuki]]&#039;&#039;, which was one of the forms of three-piece attire worn by women during the ancient period.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Prachya Pratibha, 1978 &amp;quot;Prachya Pratibha, Volume 6&amp;quot;, p. 121&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; This consisted of the &#039;&#039;[[antriya]]&#039;&#039; lower garment; the &#039;&#039;[[uttariya]]&#039;&#039; veil worn over shoulder or head; and the &#039;&#039;stanapatta,&#039;&#039; a chestband, which is mentioned in [[Sanskrit]] literature and Buddhist [[Pali]] literature during the 6th century BC.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Agam Kala Prakashan, 1991 &amp;quot;Costume, coiffure, and ornaments in the temple sculpture of northern Andhra&amp;quot;, p. 118&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Paintings from [[Maharashtra]] and [[Gujarat]] from the first millennium BCE are considered the first recorded examples of the choli.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Prachya Pratibha, 1978 &amp;quot;Prachya Pratibha, Volume 6&amp;quot;, p. 121&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Poetic references from works such as [[Silappatikaram|&#039;&#039;Silapadikkaram&#039;&#039;]] indicate that during the [[Sangam period]] (third-century BCE to fourth-century CE in ancient South India), a single piece of clothing served as both lower garment and upper shawl.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Linda Lynton, Sanjay K. Singh (2002) &amp;quot;The Sari: Styles, Patterns, History, Techniques.&amp;quot;, p. 40&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Paintings and sculpture indicate that the &#039;&#039;stanapatta&#039;&#039; evolved into the choli by the first century CE, in various regional styles.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Prachya Pratibha, 1978 &amp;quot;Prachya Pratibha, Volume 6&amp;quot;, p. 121&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &#039;&#039;[[Rajatarangini]]&#039;&#039;, a tenth-century literary work by [[Kalhana]], states that the choli from the [[Deccan Plateau|Deccan]] was introduced under the royal order in Kashmir.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Vijay Singh Katiyar&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite book|last1=Katiyar|first1=Vijai Singh|title=Indian saris : traditions, perspectives, design|date=2009|publisher=Wisdom Tree in association with National Institute of Design, Ahmedabad|location=New Delhi|isbn=9788183281225|pages=211|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8RjgPQAACAAJ|access-date=31 October 2015}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Early cholis were front-covering and tied at the back. Cholis of this kind are still common in state of [[Rajasthan]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4_Rl5c_v1-kC&amp;amp;q=India:+past+%26+present+By+Prakash+Chander|title=India: past &amp;amp; present – Prakash Chander  |isbn=9788176484558 |via=Google Books|access-date=13 November 2011|last1=Chander |first1=Prakash |year=2003 }}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In Nepal, the garment is known as a &#039;&#039;cholo&#039;&#039;, and in Southern India as a &#039;&#039;ravike.&#039;&#039; Both of these styles are tied at the front, unlike Northern Indian cholis, which are tied at the back. In parts of the Hindi Belt, mostly in Rajasthan, [[Haryana]] and [[Uttar Pradesh]], women wore vest-like garments, known as &#039;&#039;kanchli&#039;&#039;, over choli; this complete costume is known as the &#039;&#039;[[poshak]]&#039;&#039;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nckSAQAAIAAJ|title=Costume, textiles and jewellery of India: traditions in Rajasthan|last=Bhandari|first=Vandana|publisher=Mercury Books|year=2005|isbn=9780811810845|page=84}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Historical paintings===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;gallery&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Image:Ajanta Paintings.jpg|Women in Choli and [[Antariya]] CE 320 [[Gupta Empire]].&lt;br /&gt;
Image:Aj2.jpg|Women in Choli CE 320 [[Gupta Empire]]. The early form of Choli tied at the back with the front covering.&lt;br /&gt;
Image:Iacuci11d0b62ppy.D.0.Ajanta-Cave-painting-Painting-Dance.jpg|Dancing girl in Kurta/Salwar-like Choli [[Gupta Empire]].&lt;br /&gt;
File:Detail of a leaf with the birth of mahavira.jpg| Kalpasutra Manuscript c. 1375–1400. Example of early form of full sleeve choli.&lt;br /&gt;
File:Vasant Rangini, Detail 15th century.jpg| Detail of Vasant Ragini, Rajastani painting 1500s showing early form of choli tied at the back.&lt;br /&gt;
File:Krishna_defeats_Trinavarta.jpg|Bhagavata Purana manuscript c. 1525–40&lt;br /&gt;
File:Bhairavi Ragini, Manley Ragamala, an album painting in gouache on paper.jpg|Bhairavi Ragini, Manley Ragamala manuscript c. 1610.&lt;br /&gt;
File:Female musicians wedding of Aurangzeb.jpg|Female musicians at Aurangzeb&#039;s wedding - Mughal c. 1636.&lt;br /&gt;
File:Kangra Painting.jpg|Krishna flirting with the Gopis, to Radhas sorrow - Kangra Painting c. 1760. Full sleeve choli and bodies are worn in Himalayan states of India.&lt;br /&gt;
File:Lady being offered wine, Deccan, 1600 AD.jpg|Lady being offered wine, Deccan, 1600 CE.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/gallery&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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===Historic photographs===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;gallery&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
File:Ghagra Choli1.jpg|Woman in Gagra Choli&lt;br /&gt;
Image:Tamil Girl.jpg|Tamil girl in choli &lt;br /&gt;
File:Tamil Sari.jpg|Tamil women in choli&lt;br /&gt;
File:Bengali Sari.jpg|Bengali girl in full sleeve choli (1880)&lt;br /&gt;
File:Ceylon India 1880.jpg|[[Sri Lanka]]n woman in choli (1880)&lt;br /&gt;
File:Marathi Women.jpg|Marathi woman in choli&lt;br /&gt;
File:Krishnacart.jpg| Plaque depicting ancient form of long choli and gagra worn during [[Gupta Empire]]&lt;br /&gt;
File:Sindhi lehenga, choli and Sindhi traditional pantaloon shalwar.jpg|Woman in [[Sindh]]i choli 1845&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/gallery&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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==Changing times==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Vidya Balan Insult India Parade or Bollywood Parade.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Bollywood actress [[Vidya Balan]] is known for wearing deep-back cholis.&amp;lt;ref name=str&amp;gt;{{cite news|last=Nimisha Tiwari |title=The choli lowdown!|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-19/trends/29493005_1_choli-saree-blouse|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103172821/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-19/trends/29493005_1_choli-saree-blouse|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 January 2013|access-date=19 July 2017|newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=19 June 2011}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;vidya&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
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Traditionally, the choli has been made from the same fabric as the sari, with many sari producers adding extra length to their products so that women can cut off the excess fabric at the end of the sari and use it to sew a matching choli.{{fact|date=October 2013}} For everyday wear, [[cotton]]-based materials and silk cotton are widely considered the most comfortable. [[Chiffon (fabric)|Chiffon]] and [[silk]] are best suited for formal occasions.&amp;lt;ref name=hind&amp;gt;{{cite news|first=Neeti | last=Sarkar | title=Choli ke peeche | url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/article485880.ece |access-date=21 March 2012 | newspaper=[[The Hindu]] | date=June 26, 2010}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The ideal fabric for cholis in the summer is chiffon and [[Georgette (fabric)|georgette]].&amp;lt;ref name=ad&amp;gt;{{cite news| first=A. D. | last=Singh| title=Summer breezers | url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/channels/lifestyle/fashion/summer-breezers-695|access-date=21 March 2012 | newspaper=[[Deccan Chronicle]] | date=March 10, 2012}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
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Designers have experimented with the choli, influencing pop-culture fashion in the Indian subcontinent, with adventurous tailoring and innovative necklines, such as [[halterneck|halter]], [[tube top|tubes]], [[Backless dress#choli|backless]] or [[Spaghetti strap|stringed]].&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;vidya&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite news|title=Vidya Balan puts plunge cholis on fashion map |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-12-20/trends/30474361_1_cholis-corsets-neeta-lulla|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120701175127/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-12-20/trends/30474361_1_cholis-corsets-neeta-lulla|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 1, 2012|access-date=12 April 2012 |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=December 20, 2011}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Anupama Raj, a designer and boutique owner, commented that &amp;quot;there is a very real need to re-invent the choli so that it can be worn with a variety of outfits. Just as we see the choli to be a deconstructed form of the blouse, we need to deconstruct the choli.&amp;quot; Bobby Malik, an exporter-turned-designer commented &amp;quot;the choli is the most sensuous of all garments created for women. It not only flatters the feminine form, but also brings out the romanticism in a woman. But where Indian designers have failed is at giving it an international look and making it still more beautiful.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;chdes&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite news| first=Sumona | last=Roy|title=Deconstructing the choli into daring designs |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20020831/windows/fashion.htm|access-date=13 April 2012|newspaper=The Tribune|date=August 31, 2002}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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==Recent styles==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;gallery&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
File:Sherlyn Chopra at Playboy press meet 05.jpg|&lt;br /&gt;
File:Priyanka Pripri photograph.jpg&lt;br /&gt;
File:AmeeshaPatel04.jpg&lt;br /&gt;
File:IndianModel.jpg&lt;br /&gt;
File:Sofia hayat arjun.jpg&lt;br /&gt;
File:Kajol at Shantanu-Nikhil&#039;s store launch (42).jpg&lt;br /&gt;
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File:Woman wearing sari (31000048043).jpg&lt;br /&gt;
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File:Koppikar.jpg&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;/gallery&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See also==&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Blouse]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Bralette]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Sari]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Gagra choli]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist|30em}}&lt;br /&gt;
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==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*{{Commons category inline}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{embroidery}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Sri Lankan clothing}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Clothing in South Asia}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{DEFAULTSORT:Choli}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Indian clothing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Pakistani clothing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Embroidery]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Needlework]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Saris]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Tops (clothing)]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Kerala clothing]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Embroidery in India]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Sri Lankan clothing]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>2405:204:A683:141F:0:0:2818:28A4</name></author>
	</entry>
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