Enforcement Directorate

2021-10-06T13:47:37Z

64.235.96.110:

{{Short description|Law Enforcement Agency and Economic Intelligence Agency of India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2019}}
{{Infobox law enforcement agency
| agencyname = '''Enforcement Directorate'''
| commonname =
| patch =
| patchcaption =
| logo = Enforcement_Directorate.svg
| logocaption = Enforcement Directorate logo
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| flag =
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| abbreviation = ED
| motto =
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| mission =
| formed = {{Start date and age|1956|05|01|df=y|p=y|br=y}}
| preceding1 =
| employees =
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| legalpersonality = [[Government agency]]
| country = India
| federal =
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| legaljuris =
| governingbody = Government of India
| governingbodyscnd =
| constitution1 = [[Foreign Exchange Management Act|Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999]]
| constitution2 = [[Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002]]
| restriction =
| speciality1 = corruption
| speciality2 = [[Intelligence assessment|Economic intelligence]]
| overviewtype =
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| headquarters = [[New Delhi]], [[India]]
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| electeetype = Minister
| minister1name = [[Nirmala Sitharaman]]
| minister1pfo = [[Minister of Finance (India)|Finance minister]]
| chief1name = Sanjay Kumar Mishra, [[Indian Revenue Service|IRS]]
| chief1position = Director Enforcement
| chief2name = Simanchala Dash, [[Indian Revenue Service|IRS]]
| chief2position = Principal Special Director
| parentagency = [[Department of Revenue (India)|Department of Revenue]], [[Ministry of Finance (India)|Ministry of Finance]]
| child1agency =
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| officetype = Division
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| website = {{Official website|https://enforcementdirectorate.gov.in/|name=enforcementdirectorate.gov.in}}
}}

The '''Directorate of Enforcement''' ('''ED''') is a [[Law enforcement in India|law enforcement agency]] and [[Economic warfare|economic intelligence agency]] responsible for enforcing economic laws and fighting economic crime in [[India]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Official Website|url=https://enforcementdirectorate.gov.in}}</ref> It is part of the Department of Revenue, [[Ministry of Finance (India)|Ministry of Finance]], Government Of India.<ref name="Official-webpage">{{Cite web|title=ED (Enforcement Directorate) |publisher=Department of Revenue, Ministry of Finance, Government of India |url=https://dor.gov.in/preventionofmoneylaundering/ed-enforcement-directorate |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180407192443/https://dor.gov.in/preventionofmoneylaundering/ed-enforcement-directorate |archive-date=7 April 2018 |url-status=live |df=dmy}}</ref> It is composed of officers from the [[Indian Revenue Service]], [[Indian Police Service]] and the [[Indian Administrative Service]] as well as promoted officers from its own cadre. The total strength of the department is less than 2000 officers out of which around 70% of officials came from deputation from other organizations while ED has its own cadre, too.

The origin of this Directorate goes back to 1 May 1956, when an ‘Enforcement Unit’ was formed, in Department of Economic Affairs, for handling Exchange Control Laws violations under Foreign Exchange Regulation Act, 1947. In the year 1957, this Unit was renamed as ‘Enforcement Directorate’.<ref>{{cite web|title=Organisational History|url=http://www.enforcementdirectorate.gov.in/organisational_history.html?p1=1157101439240939219|website=Enforcement Directorate}}</ref>
Sanjay Kumar Mishra former Chief Commissioner of Income Tax, New Delhi was appointed as ED chief in the rank of Secretary to Government of India.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/sanjay-kumar-mishra-is-interim-director-of-enforcement-directorate/article25344977.ece|title=Sanjay Kumar Mishra may get a full charge of Enforcement Directorate|newspaper=The Hindu|date=27 October 2018|access-date=28 October 2018|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref>

==Objective==
The prime objective of the '''Enforcement Directorate''' is the enforcement of two key Acts<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.directorateofenforcement.gov.in/functions.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-05-20 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426044056/http://www.directorateofenforcement.gov.in/functions.html |archive-date=2012-04-26 }}</ref> of the Government of India namely, the [[Foreign Exchange Management Act|Foreign Exchange Management Act 1999 (FEMA)]] and the [[Prevention of Money Laundering Act|Prevention of Money Laundering Act 2002 (PMLA)]]

The ED's (Enforcement Directorate) official website enlists its other objectives which are primarily linked to checking money laundering in India.
==Organizational set up==
The Directorate of Enforcement, with its headquarters at [[New Delhi]], is headed by the Director of Enforcement. There are five regional offices at Mumbai, Chennai, Chandigarh, Kolkata and Delhi headed by Special Directors of Enforcement.

Zonal offices of the Directorate are at Ahmedabad, Bengaluru, Chandigarh, Chennai, Kochi, Delhi, Panaji, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Jaipur, Jalandhar, Kolkata, Lucknow, Mumbai, Patna and Srinagar.<ref name="Organisational-Setup">{{Cite web|title=ED (Enforcement Directorate) |publisher=Directorate of Enforcement|url=https://enforcementdirectorate.gov.in/about-us.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200126075421/http://www.enforcementdirectorate.gov.in/about-us.html |archive-date=7 April 2018 |url-status=live |df=dmy}}</ref> These are headed by a Joint Director.

The Directorate has sub-zonal offices at Mangaluru,Bhubaneshwar, Kozhikode, Indore, Madurai, Nagpur, Allahabad, Raipur, Dehradun, Ranchi, Surat, Shimla, Vishakhapatnam and Jammu<ref name="Organisational-Setup" /> which are headed by a Deputy Director.

==Special courts==
For the [[trial]] of an offence punishable under [[Prevention of Money Laundering Act|section 4 of PMLA]], the Central Government (in consultation with the Chief Justice of the [[Indian high courts|High Court]]), designates one or more [[Sessions Court]] as Special Court(s). The court is also called "PMLA Court". Any appeal against any order passed by PMLA court can directly be filed in the [[Indian high courts|High Court]] for that jurisdiction.<ref name="ED website - FAQ">{{cite web |url=http://www.directorateofenforcement.gov.in/MLA%20questions.htm#Special_Courts_ |title=ED website - FAQ |publisher=directorateofenforcement |access-date=4 March 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110907000158/http://www.directorateofenforcement.gov.in/MLA%20questions.htm#Special_Courts_ |archive-date=7 September 2011 }}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Central Bureau of Investigation]], anti organised crime which are international, multi-state or multi-agency
* [[Directorate of Revenue Intelligence]], anti-smuggling
* [[Financial intelligence#Financial intelligence organizations|Financial Intelligence Unit]], anti money laundering
* [[National Investigation Agency]], anti terrorism
* [[NIA Most Wanted]]
* [[Narcotics Control Bureau]], anti drug trafficking
* [[List of Indian intelligence agencies]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Indian intelligence agencies}}
{{Law enforcement in India}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Directorate General Of Economic Enforcement}}
[[Category:Executive branch of the government of India]]
[[Category:Financial crime prevention]]
[[Category:Ministry of Finance (India)]]
[[Category:Tax evasion in India]]
[[Category:1956 establishments in India]]
[[Category:Government agencies established in 1956]]

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Enforcement Directorate