Ketugram I

2025-12-18T10:43:33Z

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{{Infobox settlement
|official_name = Ketugram I
|native_name =
|native_name_lang = bn
|nickname =
|settlement_type = Community development block
|image_skyline =
|imagesize =
|image_caption =
|image_flag =
|flag_size =
|image_seal =
|seal_size =
|image_map = File:Ketugram-I in Purba Bardhaman (West Bengal).svg
|mapsize =
|map_caption = Location in West Bengal
|pushpin_map =
|pushpin_label_position =right
|pushpin_mapsize =
|pushpin_map_caption =
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
|subdivision_type1 = [[States of India|State]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of India|District]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Purba Bardhaman district|Purba Bardhaman]]
|subdivision_type3 = Parliamentary constituency
|subdivision_name3 = [[Bolpur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bolpur]]
|subdivision_type4 = Assembly constituency
|subdivision_name4 = [[Ketugram (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Ketugram]]
|leader_title =
|leader_name =
|established_title =
|established_date =
|area_magnitude =
|unit_pref = Imperial
|area_footnotes =
|area_total_km2 = 193.98
|area_land_km2 =
|population_as_of = 2011
|population_footnotes =
|population_note =
|population_total = 165,408
|population_density_km2 = auto
|timezone = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
|utc_offset = +5.30
|coordinates = {{coord|23|42|36|N|87|57|24|E|display=inline}}
|elevation_footnotes =
|elevation_m = 18
|elevation_ft =
|postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
|postal_code = 713129 (Kandra)
|area_code_type = Telephone/[[Subscriber trunk dialling|STD]] code
|area_code = 03453
|registration_plate = [[List of RTO districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-37,[[List of RTO districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-38,[[List of RTO districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-41,[[List of RTO districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-42,[[List of RTO districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-44
|blank_name = Literacy Rate
|blank_info = 68.00 per cent
|website = http://purbabardhaman.gov.in/
|footnotes =
}}
'''Ketugram I''' is a [[Community development block in India|community development block]] that forms an administrative division in [[Katwa subdivision]] of [[Purba Bardhaman district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]].

==Geography==
[[File:Map of purba bardhaman district.jpg|500px|thumb|left|CD blocks of Purba Bardhaman district]]
===Location===
Rajoor, a constituent gram panchayat of Ketugram I block, is located at {{coord|23.7101|N|87.9566|E|format=dms|}}.

Ketugram I CD Block is part of the Kanksa Ketugram plain, which lies along the [[Ajay River|Ajay]]. The river forms the southern boundary of the CD Block. The soil is [[Alluvium|alluvial]] of recent origin.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1909_PART_A_DCHB_BARDDHAMAN.pdf |title = Census of India 2011, West Bengal: District Census Handbook, Barddhaman |work = Physiography, pages 13-14| publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal | access-date = 23 January 2017}}</ref>

Ketugram I CD Block is bounded by [[Bharatpur I]] CD Block, in Murshidabad district, on the north, [[Bharatpur II]] CD Block, in Murshidabad district, and [[Ketugram II]] CD Block on the east, [[Mongalkote (community development block)|Mangolkote]] CD Block on the south and [[Nanoor (community development block)|Nanoor]] and [[Labpur (community development block)|Labpur]] CD Blocks, in Birbhum district, on the west.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/westbengal/tehsil/barddhman.html |title = Tehsil Map of Barddhaman |work = CD Block/ Tehsil | publisher= Maps of India | access-date = 23 January 2017}}</ref>

Ketugram I CD Block has an area of 193.98 km<sup>2</sup>. It has 1 [[Panchayat Samiti (Block)|panchayat samity]], 8 [[gram panchayat]]s, 117 gram sansads (village councils), 66 [[mouza]]s and 62 inhabited villages. [[Ketugram#Police station|Ketugram]] police station serves this block.<ref name=handbook2014/> Headquarters of this CD Block is at [[Kandra, Bardhaman|Kandra]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/1909_PART_B_DCHB_BARDDHAMAN.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Barddhaman | work= Map of Barddhaman with CD Block HQs and Police Stations (on the fourth page) |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 22 January 2017 }}</ref>

[[Gram panchayat]]s of Ketugram I block/[[panchayat samiti]] are: Agardanga, Ankhona, Berugram, Kandra-Jnandas, Murgram-Gopalpur, Palita, Pandugram and Rajoor.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://wbprd.gov.in/HtmlPage/PANCHAYATS.aspx |title = Directory of District, Subdivision, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal |work = Bardhaman - Revised in March 2008 | publisher= Panchayats and Rural Development Department, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 30 January 2017}}</ref>

==Demographics==
===Population===
As per the [[2011 Census of India]] Ketugram I CD Block had a total population of 165,408, all of which were rural. There were 84,966 (51%) males and 80,442 (49%) females. Population below 6 years was 21,009. [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Castes]] numbered 42,660 (25.79%) and [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Tribes]] numbered 1,025 (0.62%).<ref name=census2011>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/cdb_pca_census/Houselisting-housing-WB.html |title = C.D. Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA) | work= 2011 census: West Bengal – District-wise CD Blocks|publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 16 January 2017}}</ref>

As per 2001 census, Ketugram I block had a total population of 146,013, out of which 74,513 were males and 71,500 were females. Ketugram I block registered a population growth of 16.38 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for Bardhaman district was 14.36 per cent.<ref name=census>{{cite web | url = http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_9.htm | title = Provisional population totals, West Bengal, Table 4, Barddhaman District | access-date = 4 February 2017 | work = Census of India 2001 | publisher = Census Commission of India|url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110928205026/http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_9.htm|archive-date= 28 September 2011}}</ref> Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm |title=Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4 |access-date= 4 February 2017 |work=Census of India 2001 |publisher=Census Commission of India |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927041813/http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 }}</ref> [[Scheduled castes and scheduled tribes|Scheduled castes]] at 40,271 formed around one-third the population. Scheduled tribes numbered 1,491.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/HouseListingF/SCST/All_distSCST(TRU1)9.htm |title=TRU for all Districts (SC & ST and Total) |access-date=4 February 2017 |work=Census 2001 |publisher=Census Commission of India |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719040022/http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/HouseListingF/SCST/All_distSCST%28TRU1%299.htm |archive-date=19 July 2011 }}</ref>

Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Ketugram I CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Chakta (4,582), Ankhona (6,554), Morgram (6,197), Murgram (5,919), Amgaria (6,904), Kandra (11,534), Komarpur (4,110), Rajur (5,776), Khanji (4.052), Ehiapur (5,732), Palita (4,342) and Pandugram (4,178).<ref name=census2011/>

Other villages in Ketugram I CD Block included (2011 census figures in brackets): Agardanga (2,767), Berugram (3,489), Gopalpur (3,157), [[Gonna Serandi]] (2,683) and [[Kogram]] (383).<ref name=census2011/>

===Literacy===
As per the 2011 census, the total number of literates in Ketugram I CD Block was 98,192 (68.00% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 54,043 (72.81% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 44,149 (62.91% of the female population over 6 years). The [[Literacy#Gender disparities|gender disparity]] (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 9.90%.<ref name=census2011/>

As per the 2001 census, Ketugram I block had a total literacy of 59.88 per cent for the 6+ age group. While male literacy was 67.78 per cent female literacy was 51.63 per cent. Bardhaman district had a total literacy of 70.18 per cent, male literacy being 78.63 per cent and female literacy being 60.95 per cent.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table5_9.htm |title=Provisional population totals, West Bengal, Table 5, Bardhaman District |access-date= 4 February 2017 |work=Census of India 2001 |publisher=Census Commission of India |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928211117/http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table5_9.htm |archive-date=2011-09-28 }}</ref>

See also – [[List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate]]

{{Literacy in CD Blocks of Bardhaman district|collapsible=y}}

===Languages and religion===

{{bar box
|title=Religion in Ketugram I CD block (2011)<ref name="religion"/>
|titlebar=#FCD116
|left1=
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in West Bengal|Hinduism]]|darkorange|52.98}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam in West Bengal|Islam]]|green|46.77}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.25}}
}}

In the 2011 census, Hindus numbered 87,635 and formed 52.98% of the population in Ketugram I CD Block. Muslims numbered 77,354 and formed 46.77% of the population. Christians numbered 95 and formed 0.06% of the population. Others numbered 324 and formed 0.20% of the population.<ref name="religion">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11396/download/14509/DDW19C-01%20MDDS.XLS |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

In Bardhaman district the percentage of Hindu population has been declining from 84.3% in 1961 to 77.9% in 2011 and the percentage of Muslim population has increased from 15.2% in 1961 to 20.7% in 2011.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1909_PART_A_DCHB_BARDDHAMAN.pdf |title = Census of Indiia 2011: District Census Handbook, Barddhaman | work= Table 9: Population by religion in Badhaman district (1961-2011), Page 50|publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 27 January 2017}}</ref>

[[Bengali language|Bengali]] is the predominant language, spoken by 99.64% of the population.<ref name="languages">{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10226/download/13338/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1900.XLSX |website=www.censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

==Rural poverty==
As per poverty estimates obtained from household survey for families living [[Below Poverty Line (India)|below poverty line]] in 2005, [[rural poverty]] in Ketugram I CD Block was 44.87%.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/District%20DEV%20Report.%20Burdwan%20%202012%20total%20Book%20Curve%20Red.pdf |title = District Human Development Report: Bardhaman |work = Table 4.2: Empirical Measurement of Rural Poverty in Bardhaman 2005, page 94 |publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2011 |access-date = 30 January 2017 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170814062640/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/District%20DEV%20Report.%20Burdwan%20%202012%20total%20Book%20Curve%20Red.pdf |archive-date = 14 August 2017 |url-status = dead }}</ref>

==Economy==

===Livelihood===
In Ketugram I CD Block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators formed 23.27%, agricultural labourers 51.57%, household industry workers 4.25% and other workers 20.91%.<ref name=handbook2014>{{cite web | url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Bardhaman | work = Tables 2.7, 2.1, 8.2, 16.1, 17.2, 18.1, 18.2, 20.1, 21.2, 4.4, 3.1, 3.3 – arranged as per use | publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 30 January 2017 | archive-date = 21 January 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | url-status = dead }}</ref>

In Ketugram I CD Block, cultivators or agricultural labourers formed a large portion of the workforce, comparatively less workers were engaged in the secondary and tertiary sectors. In the decade 1991-2001 cultivators decreased and the secondary and tertiary sectors increased.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/District%20DEV%20Report.%20Burdwan%20%202012%20total%20Book%20Curve%20Red.pdf |title = District Human Development Report: Bardhaman |work = Block/ Sub-division wise Variation in Occupational Distribution of Workers, page 47 |publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2011 |access-date = 30 January 2017 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170814062640/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/District%20DEV%20Report.%20Burdwan%20%202012%20total%20Book%20Curve%20Red.pdf |archive-date = 14 August 2017 |url-status = dead }}</ref>

===Infrastructure===
There are 62 inhabited villages in Ketugram I CD block. All 62 villages (100%) have power supply. All 62 villages (100%) have drinking water supply. 25 villages (40.32%) have post offices. 61 villages (98.31%) have telephones (including landlines, public call offices and mobile phones). 47 villages (75.81%) have a pucca (paved) approach road and 44 villages (58.46%) have transport communication (includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways). 7 villages (11.21%) have [[Primary Agricultural Credit Society|agricultural credit societies]]. 7 villages (11.21%) have banks.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1909_PART_A_DCHB_BARDDHAMAN.pdf |title = District Census Handbook Barddhaman, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A |work = Page 102 Table 36: Distribution of villages according to availability of different amenities, 2011 | publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| access-date = 9 February 2019}}</ref>

In 2013-14, there were 27 fertiliser depots and 55 [[Public distribution system|fair price shops]] in the CD Block.<ref name=handbook2014/>

===Agriculture===
{{Pie chart
|caption= '''Persons engaged in agriculture<br/>in Ketugram I CD Block'''
|value1 = 9.58
|label1 = Bargadars
|value2 = 6.77
|label2 = Patta holders
|value3 = 5.78
|label3 = Small farmers
|value4 = 19.18
|label4 = Marginal farmers
|value5 = 58.69
|label5= Agricultural labourers}}

Although the Bargadari Act of 1950 recognised the rights of [[bargadar]]s to a higher share of crops from the land that they tilled, it was not implemented fully. Large tracts, beyond the prescribed limit of land ceiling, remained with the rich landlords. From 1977 onwards major land reforms took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | title = District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas | work = (1) Chapter 1.2, South 24 Parganas in Historical Perspective, pages 7-9 (2) Chapter 3.4, Land reforms, pages 32-33 | publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2009 | access-date = 7 August 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161005044029/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | archive-date = 5 October 2016 | url-status = dead }}</ref> Following [[Land reform in India|land reforms]] land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In 2013-14, persons engaged in agriculture in Ketugram I CD Block could be classified as follows: [[bargadar]]s 9.58%, patta (document) holders 6.77%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 5.78%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 19.18% and agricultural labourers 58.69%.<ref name=handbook2014/>

In 2003-04, net cropped area in Ketugram I CD Block was 15,148 hectares and the area in which more than one crop was grown was 6,337 hectares.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/District%20DEV%20Report.%20Burdwan%20%202012%20total%20Book%20Curve%20Red.pdf | title = District Human Development Report, Bardhaman | work = Table 3.10, Gross Cropped Area, Net Cropped Area and Cropping Intensity of different blocks of Bardhaman district 2003-04, Page 53 | publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, May 2011 | access-date = 30 January 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170814062640/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/District%20DEV%20Report.%20Burdwan%20%202012%20total%20Book%20Curve%20Red.pdf | archive-date = 14 August 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

In 2013-14, Ketugram I CD Block produced 46,641 tonnes of [[Rice#Ecotypes and cultivars|Aman paddy]], the main winter crop from 15,783 hectares, 23,379 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 6,326 hectares, 3 tonnes of wheat from 1 hectare, 2,436 tonnes of potatoes from 146 hectares and 6,952 tonnes of sugar cane from 76 hectares. It also produced pulses and oilseeds.<ref name=handbook2014/>

In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in Ketugram I CD Block was 286.96 hectares, out of which 27.87 hectares were irrigated by river lift irrigation and 259.09 hectares by deep tube wells.<ref name=handbook2014/>

===Banking===
In 2013-14, Ketugram I CD Block had offices of 4 commercial banks and 3 [[Regional Rural Bank|gramin banks]].<ref name=handbook2014/>

==Transport==
Ketugram I CD Block has 4 ferry services and 3 originating/ terminating bus routes.<ref name=handbook2014/>

[[State Highway 6 (West Bengal)|SH 6]], running from Rajnagar (in Birbhum district) to Alampur (in Howrah district) and [[State Highway 7 (West Bengal)|SH 7]] running from Rajgram (in Birbhum district) to Midnapore (in Paschim Medinipur district) cross at Kurmodanga in this CD Block.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.wbtrafficpolice.com/state-highways.php |title = List of State Highways in West Bengal | publisher= West Bengal Traffic Police | access-date = 5 February 2017}}</ref>

==Education==
In 2013-14, Ketugram I CD Block had 100 primary schools with 9,481 students, 4 middle schools with 354 students, 16 high school with 9,304 students and 9 higher secondary schools with 6,233 students. Ketugram I CD Block had 1 general college with 2,433 students, 1 technical/ professional institution with 100 students and 281 institutions for special and non-formal education with 15,724 students<ref name=handbook2014/>

As per the 2011 census, in Ketugram I CD block, amongst the 62 inhabited villages, all villages had schools, 50 villages had two or more primary schools, 28 villages had at least 1 primary and 1 middle school and 24 villages had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary school.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1909_PART_A_DCHB_BARDDHAMAN.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Barddhaman, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work = Page 1082, Appendix I A: Villages by number of Primary Schools and Appendix I B: Villages by Primary, Middle and Secondary Schools | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. | access-date = 9 February 2019}}</ref>

More than 6,000 schools (in erstwhile Bardhaman district) serve cooked [[Midday Meal Scheme|midday meal]] to more than 900,000 students.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://bardhaman.nic.in/middam/mdm.htm| title = Midday Meal – Burdwan, WB| publisher = District Authorities |access-date = 12 February 2019}}</ref>

[[Kandra Radha Kanta Kundu Mahavidyalaya]], established in 2001, is affiliated to the [[University of Burdwan]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.collegeadmission.in/KandraRadhaKantaKunduMahavidyalaya/KandraRadhaKantaKunduMahavidyalaya.shtml |title = Kandra Radha Kanta Kundu Mahavidyalaya | publisher= College Admission | access-date = 27 February 2017}}</ref>

==Healthcare==
In 2014, Ketugram I CD Block had 1 block primary health centre and 2 primary health centres with total 28 beds and 5 doctors (excluding private bodies). It had 24 family welfare subcentres. 10,083 patients were treated indoor and 180,625 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD Block.<ref name=handbook2014/>

Ramjibanpur Rural Hospital at Ramjibanpur, [[Kandra, Bardhaman|PO Jnandas Kandra]] (with 30 beds) is the main medical facility in Ketugram I CD block. There are [[Primary Health Centre (India)|primary health centres]] at Ankhona (with 2 beds) and Pandugram, PO Khatundi (with 10 beds).<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/ | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work = Health Statistics | publisher = Government of West Bengal | access-date = 19 January 2019 | archive-date = 28 October 2021 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211028134305/https://qphs.fs.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-99a499ee367f0c1530476c81086270c8 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

Ketugram I CD Block is one of the areas of Bardhaman district which is affected by a low level of arsenic contamination of ground water.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.soesju.org/arsenic/wb7.htm | title = Groundwater Arsenic contamination in West Bengal-India (20 years study )| access-date = 9 September 2011 | work = Bardhaman | publisher = SOES }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|3}}

==External links==
* [http://bardhaman.gov.in/blocks/blocks.htm District map showing blocks]
* [http://ketugram-1block.in/ http://www.ketugram-1block.in]{{Dead link|date=December 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}

{{Municipalities of West Bengal}}
{{Purba Bardhaman topics}}

[[Category:Community development blocks in Purba Bardhaman district]]

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Ketugram I