Karimpur II

2025-03-26T15:07:14Z

89.240.246.101:

{{Infobox settlement
| name = Karimpur II
| native_name = 
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Community development block
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| image_map = Karimpur-II in Nadia (West Bengal).svg
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in West Bengal, India
| coordinates = {{coord|23|55|9|N|88|39|3|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Nadia district|Nadia]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = [[Community development block in India|Community development block]]
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 224.38
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 19
| population_total = 217,136
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[English language|English]]
| demographics_type2 = Literacy (2011)
| demographics2_title2 = Total literates
| demographics2_info2 = 119,778 (62.04%)
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 741165 (Nazirpur)
| area_code_type = Telephone/STD code
| area_code = 03471
| registration_plate = [[List of RTO districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-51, [[List of RTO districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-52
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Murshidabad (Lok Sabha constituency)|Murshidabad]], [[Krishnanagar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Krishnanagar]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Karimpur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Karimpur]], [[Tehatta (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Tehatta]]
| website = {{URL|nadia.nic.in/}}
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-WB]]
| footnotes =
}}

'''Karimpur II''' is a [[Community development block in India|community development block]] that forms an administrative division in [[Tehatta subdivision]] of [[Nadia district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]].

==Geography==
Karimpur II CD Block is bounded by [[Karimpur I]] CD Block, in the north, [[Daulatpur Upazila, Kushtia|Daulatpur Upazila]] in [[Kushtia District]] and [[Gangni Upazila]] in [[Meherpur District]] of Bangladesh in the east, [[Tehatta I]] and [[Tehatta II]] CD Blocks in the south and [[Naoda (community development block)|Naoda]] CD Block, in Murshidabad district, in the west.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/westbengal/tehsil/nadia.html |title = Tehsil Map of Nadia |work = CD Block/ Tehsil | publisher= Maps of India | access-date = 15 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Daulatpur_Upazila_(Kushtia_District) |title = Daulatpur Upazila (Kushtia District)|publisher= Banglapedia | access-date = 15 November 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Gangni_Upazila |title = Gangni Upazila|publisher= Banglapedia | access-date = 15 November 2018 }}</ref>

Nadia district is mostly alluvial plains lying to the east of [[Hooghly River]], locally known as the Bhagirathi. The alluvial plains are cut across by such distributaries as Jalangi, Churni and Ichhamati. With these rivers getting silted up, floods are a recurring feature.<ref>Gangopadhyay, Basudev, ''Paschimbanga Parichay'', 2001, {{in lang|bn}}, p. 70, Sishu Sahitya Sansad</ref>

Karimpur II CD Block has an area of 224.38 km<sup>2</sup>. It has 1 [[Panchayat Samiti (Block)|panchayat samity]], 10 [[gram panchayat]]s, 161 gram sansads (village councils), 71 [[mouza]]s and 65 inhabited villages. [[Murutia#Police station|Murutia]] and [[Thanapara#Police station|Thanapara]] police stations serve this block.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Nadia |work = Tables 2.1, 2.2 |publisher = Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal |access-date = 7 October 2020}}</ref> Headquarters of this CD Block is at [[Rahmatpur]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1910_PART_A_DCHB_NADIA.pdf|title = District Census Handbook: Nadia, Series 20 Part XII A | work= Map of Nadia with CD Block HQs and Police Stations (on the fourth page) |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 2 May 2017 }}</ref>

===Gram Panchayats===
[[Gram panchayat]]s of Karimpur II block/ panchayat samiti are: Dhoradaha-I, Dhoradaha-II, Dighalkandi, Murutia, Nandanpur, Narayanpur I, Narayanpur II, Natidanga I, Natidanga II and Rahamatpur.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://wbprd.gov.in/HtmlPage/PANCHAYATS.aspx |title = Directory of District, Subdivision, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal |work = Nadia - Revised in March 2008 | publisher= Panchayats and Rural Development Department, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 7 May 2017}}</ref>

====Villages====
Tarakganj is an important village of Nandanpur Gram panchayet as well as in Karimpur Police station and Karimpur II Community Development Block. There is a high school and one library named ''Tarakganj Vidyasagar Gramin Granthagar'' in the village. Murutia, a constituent police station village in Karimpur II CD Block, is located at {{coord|23|55|9|N|88|39|3|E}}.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://wikimapia.org/15693694/murutia-market | title= Murutia Market | work= Nadia District| publisher= Wikimapia | access-date = 24 February 2016}}</ref>

[[Kishorpur]] is also an important village where the historical '''Kuthi Bari''' is situated, which was constructed by former [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|Member of Parliament]] (Krishnagar and Nabadwip), social worker Smt. [[Ila Pal Choudhury]].

==Demographics==
===Population===
As per the [[2011 Census of India]], Karimpur II CD Block had a total population of 217,136, all of which were rural. There were 111,418 (51%) males and 105,648 (49%) females. The population below 6 years was 24,063. [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Castes]] numbered 35,130 (16.18%) and [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Tribes]] numbered 2,643 (1.22%).<ref name=census2011>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/cdb_pca_census/Houselisting-housing-WB.html |title = C.D. Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA) | work= West Bengal – District-wise CD Blocks|publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 25 February 2016}}</ref>

As per the 2001 census, Karimpur II block had a total population 191,922, out of which 99,091 were males and 92.831 were females. Karimpur II block registered a population growth of 17.62 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade.<ref name=census>{{cite web|url=http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_10.htm |title=Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal, Table 4 |publisher=Census Commissioner of India |work=Census of India 2001, Nadia district (10) |access-date=2011-03-25 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927041622/http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_10.htm |archive-date=September 27, 2007 }}</ref> Decadal growth for the district was 19.51 per cent. Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm |title=Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4 |access-date=2012-04-12 |work=Census of India 2001 |publisher=Census Commission of India |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927041813/http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm |archive-date=September 27, 2007 }}</ref>

Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Karimpur II CD Block were (2011 census figures in brackets): Dogachhi (20,845), Dhoradaha (8,750), Pipulkhola (5,953), Saguna (7,397), Natidanga (5,118), Char Moktappur (5,144), Fazil Nagar (10,844), Narayanpur (10,994), Sadipur (5,425), [[Topla, Nadia|Topla]] (7,178), [[Thanapara]] (8,834), [[Kishorpur]] (4,035), Dakshin Gopalpur (8,880), Barbakpur (7,739), Goas (9,609), [[Rahmatpur]] (6,225), [[Mahish Bathan]] (9,831), Kathalia (6,911) and [[Murutia]] (4,270).<ref name=census2011/>

Other villages in Karimpur II CD Block include (2011 census figures in brackets): Dighalkandi (2,734)<ref name=census2011/> and Nandanpur

===Literacy===
As per the 2011 census, the total number of literates in Karimpur II CD Block was 119,778 (62.04% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 62,838 (63.35% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 56,940 (60.65% of the female population over 6 years). The [[Literacy#Gender disparities|gender disparity]] (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 2.71%.<ref name=census2011/>

See also – [[List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate]]

{{Literacy in CD Blocks of Nadia district|collapsible=y}}

===Language and religion===
{{bar box
|title=Religion in Karimpur II CD block (2011)<ref name="religion"/>
|titlebar=#FCD116
|left1=
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Islam in West Bengal|Islam]]|green|60.38}}
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in West Bengal|Hinduism]]|darkorange|39.52}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.10}}
}}

In the 2011 census, Muslims numbered 131,116 and formed 60.38% of the population in Karimpur II CD Block. Hindus numbered 85,789 and formed 39.52% of the population. Christians numbered 135 and formed 0.06% of the population. Others numbered 96 and formed 0.04% of the population.<ref name="religion">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11396/download/14509/DDW19C-01%20MDDS.XLS |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

In the 2001 census, Hindus numbered 195,736 and formed 54.57% of the combined population of Karimpur I and Karimpur II CD Blocks. Muslims numbered 162,357 and formed 45.27% of the combined population. In the 1991 census, Hindus numbered 173,914 and formed 56.65% of the combined population of Karimpur I and Karimpur II CD Blocks. Muslims numbered 132,729 and formed 43.24% of the combined population.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.dospiwb.org.in/download.php?v=13 |title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Nadia |work = Table 17.1 |publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal |access-date = 2 May 2017 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170302072706/http://dospiwb.org.in/download.php?v=13 |archive-date = 2 March 2017 }}</ref>

[[Bengali language|Bengali]] is the predominant language, spoken by 99.49% of the population.<ref name="languages">{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10226/download/13338/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1900.XLSX |website=www.censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

==Rural poverty==
The District [[Human Development Report]] for Nadia has provided a CD Block-wise data table for [[Human Poverty Index|Modified Human Vulnerability Index]] of the district. Karimpur II CD Block registered 38.87 on the MHPI scale. The CD Block-wise mean MHVI was estimated at 33.92. A total of 8 out of the 17 CD Blocks in Nadia district were found to be severely deprived when measured against the CD Block mean MHVI - Karimpur I and Karimpur II (under Tehatta subdivision), Kaliganj, Nakashipara, Chapra, Krishnanagar I and Nabadwip (under Krishnanagar Sadar subdivision) and Santipur (under Ranaghat subdivision) appear to be backward.<ref>{{cite web|url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR%20Nadia.pdf|title = District Human Development Report: Nadia|work = June 2012. Pages: 211-212|publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal|access-date = 4 May 2017|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160316112838/http://wbplan.gov.in/humandev/DHDR/DHDR%20Nadia.pdf|archive-date = 16 March 2016|url-status = dead}}</ref>

As per the ''Human Development Report 2004 for West Bengal'', the rural poverty ratio in Nadia district was 28.35%. The estimate was based on Central Sample data of NSS 55th round 1999–2000.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.planningcommission.gov.in/plans/stateplan/sdr_pdf/shdr_wb04.pdf| title = West Bengal Human Development Report 2004| work = Page 80: Table 4.5 Per capita consumption in rural and urban areas by district| publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal| access-date = 20 November 2018| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120501201321/http://planningcommission.gov.in/plans/stateplan/sdr_pdf/shdr_wb04.pdf| archive-date = 1 May 2012| url-status = dead}}</ref>

==Economy==
===Livelihood===
In Karimpur II CD Block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators formed 23.78%, agricultural labourers 55.52%, household industry workers 4.14% and other workers 16.56%.<ref name=handbook2014>{{cite web | url = http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook| title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Nadia | work = Tables 2.7, 17.2, 16.1, 18.1, 18.2, 20.1, 21.2, 4.4, 3.1, 3.3 – arranged as per use | publisher = Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 7 October 2020}}</ref>

The southern part of Nadia district starting from Krishnanagar I down to Chakdaha and Haringhata has some urban pockets specialising in either manufacturing or service related economic activity and has reflected a comparatively higher concentration of population but the urban population has generally stagnated. Nadia district still has a large chunk of people living in the rural areas.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR%20Nadia.pdf| title = District Human Development Report: Nadia| work = Chapter IV: Livelihood and occupational structure, pages 63-73| publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2011| access-date = 6 May 2017| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160316112838/http://wbplan.gov.in/humandev/DHDR/DHDR%20Nadia.pdf| archive-date = 16 March 2016| url-status = dead}}</ref>

===Infrastructure===
There are 65 inhabited villages in Karimpur II CD Block. 100% villages have power supply and drinking water supply. 10 Villages (15.38%) have post offices. 64 villages (98.46%) have telephones (including landlines, public call offices and mobile phones). 27 villages (41.54%) have a pucca approach road and 38 villages (58.46%) have transport communication (includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways). 13 villages (20.00%) have agricultural credit societies and 7 villages (10.77%) have banks.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1910_PART_A_DCHB_NADIA.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Nadia, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work = Pages 91-92 Table 36: Distribution of villages according to availability of different amenities, 2011 | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal | access-date = 4 May 2017}}</ref> However, although 100% villages in Nadia district had power supply in 2011, a survey in 2007-08 revealed that less than 50% of households had an electricity connection. In rural areas of the country, the tube well was for many years considered to be the provider of safe drinking water, but with arsenic contamination of ground water claiming public attention it is no longer so. Piped water supply is still a distant dream. In 2007–08, the availability of piped drinking water in Nadia district was as low as 8.6%, well below the state average of around 20%.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR%20Nadia.pdf | title = District Human Development Report, Nadia | work = Pages 54-55, published in 2012, Infrastructure development across the district | publisher = Department of Planning, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 4 May 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160316112838/http://wbplan.gov.in/humandev/DHDR/DHDR%20Nadia.pdf | archive-date = 16 March 2016 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

===Agriculture===
{{Pie chart
|caption= '''Persons engaged in agriculture<br/>in Karimpur II CD Block'''
|value1 = 7.95
|label1 = Bargadars
|value2 = 8.99
|label2 = Patta holders
|value3 = 6.73
|label3 = Small farmers
|value4 = 23.86
|label4 = Marginal farmers
|value5 = 52.45
|label5= Agricultural labourers}}

Although the Bargadari Act of 1950 recognised the rights of [[bargadar]]s to a higher share of crops from the land that they tilled, it was not implemented fully. Large tracts, beyond the prescribed limit of land ceiling, remained with the rich landlords. From 1977 onwards major land reforms took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | title = District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas | work = (1) Chapter 1.2, South 24 Parganas in Historical Perspective, pages 7-9 (2) Chapter 3.4, Land reforms, pages 32-33 | publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2009 | access-date = 7 August 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161005044029/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | archive-date = 5 October 2016 | url-status = dead }}</ref> Following [[Land reform in India|land reforms]] land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In 2013–14, persons engaged in agriculture in Karimpur II CD Block could be classified as follows: [[bargadar]]s 7.95%, patta (document) holders 8.99%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 6.73%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 23.86% and agricultural labourers 52.45%.<ref name=handbook2014/> As the proportion of agricultural labourers is very high, the real wage in the agricultural sector has been a matter of concern.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/DHDR%20Nadia.pdf | title = District Human Development Report, Nadia | work = Pages 71-72, published in 2012, Infrastructure development across the district | publisher = Department of Planning, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 4 May 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160316112838/http://wbplan.gov.in/humandev/DHDR/DHDR%20Nadia.pdf | archive-date = 16 March 2016 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

Karimpur II CD Block had 142 fertiliser depots and 59 [[Public distribution system|fair price shops]] in 2013–14.<ref name=handbook2014/>

In 2013–14, Karimpur II CD Block produced 6,456 tonnes of [[Rice#Ecotypes and cultivars|Aman paddy]], the main winter crop from 2,139 hectares, 5,512 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 1,441 hectares, 532 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 203 hectares, 20,669 tonnes of wheat from 6,324 hectares, 145,864 tonnes of jute from 10,323 hectares, 2,107 tonnes of potatoes from 70 hectares and 301 tonnes of sugar cane from 3 hectares. It also produced pulses and oilseeds.<ref name=handbook2014/>

In 2013–14, the total area irrigated in Karimpur II CD Block was 814 hectares, out of which 220 hectares were irrigated by river lift irrigation and 590 hectares by deep tube wells.<ref name=handbook2014/>

===Banking===
In 2013–14, Karimpur II CD Block had offices of 4 commercial banks and 5 [[Regional Rural Bank|gramin banks]].<ref name=handbook2014/>

==Transport==
Karimpur II CD Block has 8 ferry services and 7 originating/ terminating bus routes. The nearest railway station is 55 km from CD Block headquarters.<ref name=handbook2014/>

[[State Highway 11 (West Bengal)|SH 11]], running from Mahammad Bazar (in Birbhum district) to Ranaghat (in Nadia district) passes through this CD Block.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.wbtrafficpolice.com/state-highways.php |title = List of State Highways in West Bengal | publisher= West Bengal Traffic Police | access-date = 5 May 2017}}</ref>

==Education==
In 2013–14, Karimpur II CD Block had 113 primary schools with 9,887 students, 9 middle schools with 713 students, 4 high school with 3,206 students and 14 higher secondary schools with 21,859 students. Karimpur II CD Block had 1 technical/ professional institutions with 100 students and 370 institutions for special and non-formal education with 14,682 students<ref name=handbook2014/>

In Karimpur II CD Block, amongst the 65 inhabited villages, 6 had no school, 38 had more than 1 primary school, 28 had at least 1 primary school, 31 had at least 1 primary and 1 middle school and 18 had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary school.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1910_PART_A_DCHB_NADIA.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Nadia, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work = Page 591, Appendix I A: Villages by number of Primary Schools and Appendix I B: Villages by Primary, Middle and Secondary Schools, 2011 | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal | access-date = 4 May 2017}}</ref>

==Healthcare==
In 2014, Karimpur II CD Block had 1 block primary health centre, 1 [[Primary Health Centre (India)|primary health centre]] with total 40 beds and 5 doctors (excluding private bodies). It had 31 family welfare subcentres. 6,806 patients were treated indoor and 182,273 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD Block.<ref name=handbook2014/>

Natidanga Rural Hospital, with 30 beds at [[Natidanga]], is the major government medical facility in the Karimpur II CD block. There is a [[Primary Health Centre (India)|primary health centres]] at Nandanpur (with 10 beds).<ref>{{cite web | url =https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/RH.pdf | title =Health & Family Welfare Department | work =Health Statistics – Rural Hospitals | publisher =Government of West Bengal | access-date =3 October 2020 | archive-date =8 October 2022 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20221008143352/https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/RH.pdf | url-status =dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/PHC.pdf | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work = Health Statistics – Primary Health Centres | publisher = Government of West Bengal | access-date = 4 October 2020 | archive-date = 21 April 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180421215645/https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/PHC.pdf | url-status = dead }}</ref>

Karimpur II CD Block is one of the areas of Nadia district where ground water is affected by high level of [[Arsenic contamination of groundwater|arsenic contamination]]. The [[World Health Organization|WHO]] guideline for arsenic in drinking water is 10 mg/ litre, and the Indian Standard value is 50 mg/ litre. All the 17 blocks of Nadia district have arsenic contamination above this level. The maximum concentration in Karimpur II CD Block is 1,180 mg/litre.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.soesju.org/arsenic/wb3.htm| title = Groundwater Arsenic contamination in West Bengal-India (20 years study)| publisher = SOES| work = Nadia| access-date = 6 May 2017| archive-date = 10 May 2017| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170510002934/http://www.soesju.org/arsenic/wb3.htm| url-status = dead}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|3}}

{{Municipalities of West Bengal}}
{{Nadia topics}}

[[Category:Community development blocks in Nadia district]]

IndianPedia - User contributions [en]

Karimpur II