Kilich Khan

2022-10-25T18:11:51Z

92.31.109.122:

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}}
{{more citations needed|date=January 2021}}{{Infobox royalty
| name = Kilich Khan Bahadur قلیج خان بهادر
| title = Azim Khan Kilich Khan [[Baghatur|Bahadur]] [[Nawab]] Quran-i-Habib
| image = Kilich Khan.jpg
| image_size = 250
| caption = Kilich Khan
| succession = [[Governor]] of [[Ajmer]]
| reign = 1667{{snd}}1672
| reign-type = [[Governorship]]
| birth_date = 17th Century
| birth_place = Adilabad [[Samarqand]] [[Khanate of Bukhara]] {{small|(present day [[Uzbekistan]])}}
| death_date = 1687 AD
| death_place = [[Hyderabad]] [[Deccan]] [[Mughal Empire]] {{small|(present day [[Hyderabad]] [[Telangana]], [[India]])}}
| issue = [[Ghazi ud-Din Khan Feroze Jung I]]
| full name = Nawab Khawaja Abid Siddiqi Kilich Khan ibn Khawaja Ismail Khan
| house = [[Quraish]]
| father = Khawaja Ismail Khan
| religion = [[Sunni Islam]]
| succession1 = Governor of [[Multan]]
| reign-type1 = Governorship
| reign1 = 1672{{snd}}1676
| succession2 = [[Amir al-Hajj|Amir-i-Haj]]
| reign-type2 = Governorship
| reign2 = 1676{{snd}}1680
| succession3 = Sadar-i-Qul
| reign-type3 = Governorship
| reign3 = 1681{{snd}}1685
| succession4 = [[Commander|Military Commander]] of [[Jafarabad, Uttar Pradesh|Zafarabad]]
| reign-type4 = Command
| reign4 = 1686{{snd}}1687
| reg-type4 =
| regent4 =
| reg-type5 = ''([[Mughal Emperors|Great Padishah]])''
| regent5 = [[Shah Jahan]] (1655{{snd}}1658) [[Alamgir I]] (1658{{snd}}1691)
| issue-type = Children
}}

'''Khawaja Abid Khan Siddiqi''' (b. 17th Century{{snd}}1687 d.), or '''Nawab Khawaja Abid Siddiqi/Khawaja Abid''' (Qalich Khan - title given by [[Shah Jahan]]) better known as '''Kilich Khan''', was a [[Nawab]] and military general under [[Mughal Emperor]] [[Aurangzeb]]. He was a loyal general of the [[Mughal Empire]]. He was the father of [[Ghazi ud-Din Khan Feroze Jung I|Ghazi ud-Din Khan Siddiqi - Feroze Jung I]] (a [[Mughal people|Mughal]] general) and the grandfather of [[Nizam-ul-Mulk, Asaf Jah I|Mir Qamar-ud-din Siddiqi, Asaf Jah I]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Hyderabad Affairs |year=1883 |publisher=Talbot Bros. |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Hyderabad_Affairs/S-4AscFFwZsC?hl=en&gbpv=0 |language=en}}</ref>

==Birth==
Kilich Khan was born in Adilabad near the ancient [[Silk Road]] city of [[Samarkand]]. His father was Khawaja Ismail Khan Siddiqi Bayafandi s/o Shaikh Allahdad Khan Siddiqi Bayafandi s/o Shaikh Abdul Rehman Azizzan Khan Siddiqi Bayafandi the 14th in direct descent from [[Shihab al-Din 'Umar al-Suhrawardi]] of [[Sohrevard]] in [[Iran]] a celebrated Sufi mystic lived in [[Persia]], a renowned scholar known for his piety and knowledge of the law and was even honored with the title ''Allum-ul-Ulema'' (wisest of the wise).<ref>{{cite book |title=The Bombay Quarterly Review |year=1856 |publisher=Smith, Taylor, & Company |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/The_Bombay_Quarterly_Review/im9JAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22Kilich+Khan%22+-wikipedia&pg=PA55&printsec=frontcover |language=en}}</ref>

Through his father's side of the family, Nawab Kilich Khan could trace his lineage back 34 generations to the first [[Caliph]] of [[Islam]], [[Abu Bakr Siddique]] since Nawab Kilich Khan was his direct descendant through the '''Bayafandi Clan''' in the [['Asir Region]] of [[Arabia]], and on his mother's side of the family he can trace his ancestry to [[Prophet Muhammad]].

==Early life==
Kilich Khan broke his family tradition and became a [[warrior]] rather than a [[scholar]] although he was well-versed in [[Fiqh|Islamic theology]] and [[Persian language]]. Kilich Khan is known to have utilized the [[composite bow]] and [[arrow]], he kept the [[Quran]] attached to his [[quiver]] and rode along with a [[Crescent]] standard and a [[yellow]] flag.

Henry Briggs a historian wrote,

<blockquote>
'' In youth he was trained to the use of the bow, the spear and the sword. Riding on horseback was familiar to him from the moment he could toddle alone from his mother's knee as it is to this day to everybody from the plains of [[Arabia]] to the hills of [[Afghanistan]] and he was specially taught to regard the cause of the [[Crescent]] and the [[Quran]] as the great purpose of his existence.''
</blockquote>

It was in 1655 that Kilich Khan undertook a [[Hajj|pilgrimage]] to [[Mecca]]. But on his way there he stopped off in [[Hindustan]] to present himself before [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] Emperor [[Shah Jahan]]. The [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] Emperor bestowed on Kilich Khan a ''Khilat'' or dress of honour and promised him that after he returned from [[Mecca]] he could take up a post on his personal staff.

[[Aurangzeb]] was trained by him. Under his command, Aurangzeb conquered central India and south India. He was Chief Commander of Aurangzeb's Army when Golconda was conquered.

He was promoted to Sadar-i-Qul ( Supt. of Endowments ) 1681 - 1685, Subedar of Ajmer 1667–1672, Subedar of Multan 1672–1676, Amir-i-Haj 1676–1680. Faujdar of Zafarabad ( Bidar ) 1686–1687. Granted the title of Azim Khan 1657, and Qilich Khan Bahadur 1680.

==Later life==
He returned from his [[pilgrimage]] to [[Mecca]] in [[Arabia]] to [[Hindustan|India]] in 1658 to take up his post serving the Emperor [[Shah Jahan]], only to find that the Emperor had been taken ill and so Kilich Khan decided to throw his lot in with Prince [[Aurangzeb]]. Taking command of one of the [[Mughal Army|Mughal armies]], Kilich Khan played a crucial role in the [[Battle of Samugarh]]. For this, he was rewarded by being made ''Sadr us Sadur'' (President of Presidents) and one of the Emperor's most trusted [[generals]].

He then proceeded to follow [[Aurangzeb]] around [[India]] as the Emperor pursued his dream of bringing all of [[Hindustan]] under the Timuri Flag. Many battles were fought and many Forts besieged but it was during the [[Siege of Golconda]] in 1687 that Kilich Khan shone through as the Emperors most loyal and courageous [[general]]. When [[Aurangzeb]]'s army left to attack [[Golconda]], it was under the command of Kilich Khan's son [[Ghazi ud-Din Khan Feroze Jung I|Ghazi ud-Din Khan Feroze Jung]].

[[Ghazi ud-Din Khan Feroze Jung I|Ghazi ud-Din Khan Feroze Jung]] was so keen on taking the fort that in a sudden assault, he sent his father in charge of the storming party. However, Kilich Khan was hit by the shrapnel of a powerful [[Round shot|cannonball]], the bombardment which completely severed his arm. He returned to the Mughal camp on his horse refusing to dismount. [[Aurangzeb]]'s Vizier-e-Azam ([[prime minister]]), [[Asad Khan (Mughal noble)|Asad Khan]] noticed that while the surgeons were busy taking bits of bone and iron from his wound, he was stoically sipping [[coffee]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Hans/2013-09-11/Tana-Shah-the-last-ruler-of-Qutb-Shahi-dynasty/71468|title=Tana Shah, the last ruler of Qutb Shahi dynasty|date=11 September 2013}}</ref> Kilich Khan died a few days later, his arm was also found identified by the signet ring he always wore on his finger. Kilich Khan is buried in a tomb at [[Kismatpur]] near [[Himayat Sagar]] only a few Kilometers from where he had died at [[Golconda]] in [[Hyderabad]], [[Telangana]], [[India]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Kate |first1=P. V. |title=Marathwada under the Nizams, 1724-1948 |date=1987 |publisher=Mittal Publications |location=Delhi, India |isbn=978-81-7099-017-8}}</ref>

==Children==
Having had issue, five sons and two daughters. Nawab Ghaziuddin Khan Siddiqi Bayafandi, Nawab Khwaja Hamid Khan Bahadur Siddiqi Bayafandi, Nawab Rahim Chin Kilich Khan Bahadur Siddiqi Bayafandi and two sons died young. Khadija Begum Sahiba and another daughter married to Nawab Riyat Khan Bahadur.

[[File:Golkonda Fort.jpg|centre|thumb|600px|The ruins of [[Golconda]] fort where Khwaja Abid died fighting and also where such diamonds were found that would make his descendants the richest people in the world]]

==Promotions==
*1000 ''zat'' (infantry, meaning that he had been granted lands that would provide 1000 infantry in times of battle) Granted in 1655 by Emperor Shah Jahan.
*3000 ''zat'' and 500 ''sowar'' in 1657 (''sowar'' were cavalry troops) Granted by Emperor Aurangzeb.
*4000 ''zat'' and 700 ''sowar'' in 1658
*4000 ''zat'' and 1500 ''sowar'' in 1665
*5000 ''zat'' and 1500 ''sowar'' in 1681

==See also==
*[[Hyderabad State]]
*[[Nizam]]
*[[Asaf Jahi dynasty]]

==References==
<references />

==External links==
https://www.auliadeccan.com/2020/12/hazrat-khaja-abid-kilich-khan-siddiqui.html by https://www.auliadeccan.com/ : (Himayat sagar Rajendar nagar:Hazrat khaja abid kilich khan siddiqui)

==Bibliography==
* Zubrzycki, John. (2006) ''The Last Nizam: An Indian Prince in the Australian Outback''. Pan Macmillan, Australia. {{ISBN|978-0-330-42321-2}}.

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kilich Khan 02}}
[[Category:History of Hyderabad, India]]
[[Category:Mughal generals]]
[[Category:1687 deaths]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
[[Category:History of India]]
[[Category:Nizams of Hyderabad]]

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Kilich Khan