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{{Short description|Former regiment of the armies of British India and Pakistan}}
{{Infobox military unit
|unit_name= 14th Punjab Regiment
|abbreviation=
| image=Badge of 14th Punjab Regiment (1922-1956).jpg
| image_size = 200
|caption=
|dates= 1922 - 1956
|country={{flagicon|British Raj}} [[British India]] 1922 - 47 {{flag icon|Pakistan}} [[Pakistan]] 1947 - 56
|allegiance=
|type= Infantry
|role=
|size=
|command_structure=
|garrison= [[Ferozepur]] 1923 [[Jhelum]] 1946
|garrison_label=Regimental Centre
|equipment=

|Past Commanders=
|ceremonial_chief=
|colonel_of_the_regiment=Brig Khalid Mukhtar Farani, SI(M), COAS CH
|notable_commanders= [[Charles Henry Brownlow|Field Marshal Sir Charles Henry Brownlow]] General Sir Frederick Campbell General Sir [[Brodie Haig]] [[Ayub Khan (Field Marshal)|Field Marshal M Ayub Khan]] [[Douglas Beanland|Major-General Douglas Beanland]]
Brigadier Khalid Mukhtar Farani, SI(M), COAS CH
Present Col of the Battalion

|identification_symbol=
|identification_symbol_2=

|nickname=
|patron=
|motto=
|colors=Scarlet; faced green
|colors_label=Uniform
|march=
|macot=
|battles=[[Indian Rebellion of 1857|Indian Mutiny]] 1857-58 [[Second Opium War|Second Anglo-China War]] 1860-62 [[Assam]] 1862-63 [[Bhutan War]] 1864-66 [[1868 Expedition to Abyssinia|Abyssinian Campaign]] 1867-68 Lushai Expedition 1871 [[Second Afghan War]] 1878-80 [[Anglo-Egyptian War]] 1882 Lushai Expedition 1890 [[The Boxer Rebellion]] 1900 [[Tibet]] 1903-04 [[First World War]] 1914-18 [[Third Afghan War]] 1919 [[Second World War]] 1939-45 [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1947|Kashmir War 1948]]
|anniversaries=
|decorations=
|battle_honours=
}}

The '''14th Punjab Regiment''' was a [[regiment]] of the [[British Indian Army]] from 1922 to 1947. It was transferred to the [[Pakistan Army]] on [[Partition of India|independence]] in 1947, and amalgamated with the [[1st Punjab Regiment|1st]], [[15th Punjab Regiment|15th]] and [[16th Punjab Regiment]]s in 1956, to form the '''[[Punjab Regiment (Pakistan)|Punjab Regiment]]'''.<ref name="Rizvi 1984">Rizvi, Brig SHA. (1984). ''Veteran Campaigners – A History of the Punjab Regiment 1759-1981''. Lahore: Wajidalis.</ref>

==Early history==
The '''14th Punjab Regiment''' was formed in 1922 by amalgamation of the [[19th Punjabis|19th]], [[20th Punjabis|20th]], [[21st Punjabis|21st]], [[22nd Punjabis|22nd]] and [[24th Punjabis]], and the [[40th Pathans]]. All six battalions were formed during the upheaval of the [[Indian Mutiny]] in 1857-58. The first five were raised by [[John Lawrence, 1st Baron Lawrence|John Lawrence]] in the Punjab, while the 40th Pathans were raised as the Shahjehanpur Levy. The 20th and 22nd Punjabis served in [[China]] during the [[Second Opium War]] in 1860-62, while the 21st Punjabis participated in the [[1868 Expedition to Abyssinia|Abyssinian Campaign]] of 1867-68. All battalions saw extensive service on the [[North-West Frontier (military history)|North West Frontier]] of India and took part in the [[Second Afghan War]] of 1878-80. The 20th Punjabis served in [[Egypt]] during the [[Anglo-Egyptian War]] of 1882. After the war, they were designated as the [[Duke of Cambridge]]'s Own, when the duke became their honorary colonel. In 1900, they returned to China along with the 24th Punjabis to suppress the [[Boxer Rebellion]]. The 40th Pathans, who were for some time an exclusively [[Pashtun people|Pathan]] unit, were sent to [[Tibet]] in 1904 as reinforcements for the [[British Expedition to Tibet|Younghusband Expedition]].<ref name="Rizvi 1984"/><ref name="Gaylor 1991">{{cite book|last=Gaylor|first=John|title=Sons of John Company: The Indian and Pakistan Armies 1903–91|publisher=Stroud: Spellmount|year=1991}}</ref>

==First World War==
During the [[First World War]], the battalions of the 14th Punjab Regiment served in all the major theatres of war. The 19th Punjabis, while serving in [[Persia]] had the unique distinction of being [[Malleson mission|actively engaged]] against the [[Bolsheviks]] in 1918 during the hard-fought actions at [[Merv]], [[Kaka, Turkmenistan|Kaka]] and [[Dushak]] in the [[Russian Turkestan]]. The 40th Pathans greatly distinguished themselves in the fighting against the Germans in [[France]] and [[German East Africa]], while the rest of the battalions served in the Middle East.<ref name="Rizvi 1984"/>
*[[19th Punjabis]] - India, Persia, [[Russia]].
*2/19th Punjabis - Raised in 1917. India, [[Egypt]]. [[File:20th (Punjab) Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry. Painting by Walter Fane (1828-85), 1868.jpg|thumb|right|20th (Punjab) Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry. Oil painting by Walter Fane, 1868.|260px]]
*[[20th Duke of Cambridge's Own Infantry (Brownlow's Punjabis)]] - [[Mesopotamia]], Egypt, [[Palestine (region)|Palestine]].
*[[21st Punjabis]] - India, Egypt, Palestine, Russia.
*2/21st Punjabis - Raised in 1917. India.
*[[22nd Punjabis]] - India, Mesopotamia, Persia.
*2/22nd Punjabis - Raised in 1917. India, [[Hong Kong]].
*24th Punjabis - India, Mesopotamia, Russia, [[Greece]].
*[[40th Pathans]] - Hong Kong, France, German East Africa, India.
*2/40th Pathans - Raised in 1918. India.<ref name="Gaylor 1991"/>

All war-raised battalions were disbanded after the war. In 1919, the 22nd Punjabis and 40th Pathans took part in the [[Third Afghan War]].<ref name="Rizvi 1984"/>

In 1921-22, a major reorganization was undertaken in the British Indian Army leading to the formation of large infantry groups of four to six battalions. Among these was the '''14th Punjab Regiment'''. The line-up of battalions for the 14th Punjabis was:<ref name="Gaylor 1991"/>
*1st Battalion - [[19th Punjabis]]
*2nd Battalion - [[20th Duke of Cambridge's Own Infantry (Brownlow's Punjabis)]]
*3rd Battalion - [[22nd Punjabis]]
*4th Battalion - [[24th Punjabis]]
*5th Battalion - [[40th Pathans]]
*10th (Training) Battalion - [[21st Punjabis]]
*11th (Territorial) Battalion - 1st (Territorial) Battalion [[26th Punjabis]].

The class composition of the new regiment was Pathans, Punjabi Muslims, Sikhs and Dogras. The new regimental badge was a five-pointed star denoting the five rivers of the [[Punjab region|Punjab]], with the number "14" in the center, surmounted by a crown with a scroll below, which read "Punjab Regiment". The uniform of the 14th Punjab Regiment was scarlet with green facings. [[Ferozepur]] in the Punjab was chosen as the permanent station for the Training Battalion. In 1923 the 1st Battalion was among the first Indian Army units selected for [[Indianisation (British India)|Indianisation]] of its officer corps.<ref name="Gaylor 1991"/>

==Second World War==
During the [[Second World War]], the 14th Punjab Regiment raised nine new battalions. Most of them were engaged in the bitter fighting against the Japanese in the Far East. The regiment had the misfortune of having four of its battalions being captured by the Japanese at Singapore and Hong Kong.[[File:19th Punjabis (5 Punjab) (Afridi, Sikh, Bangash, Swati, Yusufzai, PM) 1910.jpg|thumb|right|19th Punjabis. ''Left to Right:'' Afridi, Sikh, Bangash, Swati, Yusufzai, Punjabi Muslim. Watercolour by AC Lovett, 1910.|345px]]
*1st Battalion - [[Battle of Malaya|Malaya]]. Captured [[Battle of Singapore|at Singapore]] in February 1942. Re-raised 1946.
*2nd Battalion - [[Battle of Hong Kong|Hong Kong]]. Captured in December 1941. Re-raised 1946.
*3rd Battalion - [[North Africa]], [[Aden]], [[Italian East Africa]], [[Burma]].
*4th Battalion - Burma, [[Siam]].
*5th Battalion - Malaya. Captured at Singapore in February 1942. Re-raised 1952.
*6th Battalion - Raised in 1940. Singapore. Captured in February 1942.
*7th Battalion - Raised in 1941. Burma. Disbanded 1946.
*8th Battalion - Raised in 1941. India. Re-designated as 2/14th Punjab in 1946.
*9th Battalion - Raised in 1941. [[Ceylon]], Burma, [[French Indo-china|French Indochina]], [[Sarawak]]. Disbanded 1947.
*10th (Training) Battalion - Converted into the 14th Punjab Regimental Training Centre in 1943.
*11th (Territorial) Battalion - Mobilized in 1939. Transferred to the [[9th Jat Regiment]], becoming the 9/9th Jat in 1941.
*12th (Territorial) Battalion - Raised in 1939. Transferred to the 9th Jat Regiment, becoming the 14/9th Jat in 1941.
*14th Battalion - Raised in 1942. India. Disbanded 1945.
*15th Battalion - Re-designation of the Machine Gun Battalion. Converted into a training unit in 1942. India. Disbanded 1946.
*16th Battalion - Raised as the 25th Garrison Battalion in 1942. On conversion to active status, served in India. Disbanded 1944.
*25th Garrison Battalion - Raised in 1942. On conversion to active status, became the 16th Battalion. India.
*26th Garrison Battalion - Raised in 1942. Converted to active status in January 1945 but not renumbered. India, [[Cocos Islands]]. Disbanded 1945.
*Machine-Gun Battalion - Raised in January 1942. Redesignated as 15/14th Punjab in July 1942. India.<ref name="Gaylor 1991"/><ref>Haig, Brodie. ''Fourteenth Punjab Regiment 1939-1945''. London: Lund Humphries.</ref>

==Post-independence history==
On the [[Partition of India|independence]] in 1947, the 14th Punjab Regiment was allotted to [[Pakistan Army]]. At the time, the active battalions were 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th. Jats, Jatsikhs, and Dogras were transferred to the Indian Army and the regiment's new class composition was fixed as Punjabis and Pathans. The 5th Battalion (Pathans) was re-raised in 1952. In 1948, the 2nd and 4th Battalions fought in the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948|war with India]] in [[Kashmir]].

In 1956, a major reorganization was undertaken in the Pakistan Army and larger infantry groups were created by amalgamating the existing infantry regiments. As a result, the 14th Punjab Regiment was amalgamated with the 1st, 15th and 16th Punjab Regiments to form one large Punjab Regiment. The four regimental centres were also merged and the combined centre moved to [[Mardan]]. The line-up of the new regiment was:<ref name="Rizvi 1984"/>[[File:22nd Punjabis (7 Punjab) 1910.jpg|thumb|right|Sepoy 22nd Punjabis. Watercolour by Major AC Lovett, 1910.|245px]]
*1 Punjab - 1/1st Punjab
*2 Punjab - 2/1st Punjab
*3 Punjab - 3/1st Punjab
*4 Punjab - 5/1st Punjab
*5 Punjab - 1/14th Punjab
*6 Punjab - 2/14th Punjab (Duke of Cambridge's Own)
*7 Punjab - 3/14th Punjab
*8 Punjab - 4/14th Punjab
*9 Punjab - 1/15th Punjab
*10 Punjab - 2/15th Punjab
*11 Punjab - 3/15th Punjab
*12 Punjab - 4/15th Punjab
*13 Punjab - 1/16th Punjab
*14 Punjab - 2/16th Punjab
*15 Punjab - 3/16th Punjab
*16 Punjab - 5/14th Punjab (Pathans)
*17 Punjab - 4/16th Punjab (Bhopal)
*18 Punjab - 7/1st Punjab
*19 Punjab - 7/16th Punjab
*20 Punjab - 14/1st Punjab

==Battle honours==
Taku Forts, Pekin 1860, China 1860-62, Abyssinia, Ali Masjid, Ahmad Khel, Kandahar 1880, Afghanistan 1878-80, Tel-el-Kebir, Egypt 1882, Malakand, Punjab Frontier, Pekin 1900, China 1900,
Ypres 1915, St Julien, Aubers, France and Flanders 1915, Macedonia 1918, Suez Canal, Egypt 1915, Megiddo, Sharon, Nablus, Palestine 1918, Basra, Shaiba, Kut al Amara 1915, Ctesiphon, Defence of Kut al Amara, Kut al Amara 1917, Baghdad, Khan Baghdadi, Mesopotamia 1914-18, Merv, Persia 1915-19, NW Frontier, India 1915, ’17, Narungombe, East Africa 1916-18, Afghanistan 1919, Agordat, Keren, Wolchefit, Abyssinia 1940-41, Defence of Alamein Line, Alam el Halfa, North Africa 1940-43, Jitra, Kampar, Singapore Island, Malaya 1941-42, Hong Kong, South East Asia 1941-42, The Yu, North Arakan, Buthidaung, Razabil, Maungdaw, Ngakyedauk Pass, Imphal, Shenam Pass, Nungshigum, Bishenpur, Kanglatongbi, Kohima, Jessami, Naga Village, Mao Songsang, Monywa 1945, Kyaukse 1945, Nyaungu Bridgehead, Letse, Magwe, Rangoon Road, Pegu 1945, Sittang 1945, Burma 1942-45,
Kashmir 1948.<ref>Rodger, Alexander. (2003). ''Battle Honours of the British Empire and Commonwealth Land Forces 1662-1991''. Ramsbury: The Crowood Press.</ref>

==See also==
*[[Punjab Regiment (Pakistan)|Punjab Regiment]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}

==Further reading==
*Pigot, G. (1946). ''History of the 1st Battalion, 14th Punjab Regiment, Sherdil-ki-Paltan (late XIX Punjabis)''. New Delhi: Roxy Printing Press.
*''History of the 20th (DCO) Infantry, Brownlow's Punjabis 1857 to 1907''. (1910). Davenport: Swiss and Co.
*''Historical Records of the 20th (DCO) Infantry, Brownlow's Punjabis (1909–1922)''. Vol II. (1923). London: Butler and Tanner.
*Murray, Maj P. (1919). ''Records of the 1/XXI Punjabis''. Aldershot: [[Gale and Polden]].
*Waters, Maj RS. (1936). ''History of the 5th Battalion (Pathans), 14th Punjab Regiment formerly 40th Pathans ("The Forty Thieves”)''. London: James Bain Ltd.
*Waters, Robert Sidney. (c. 1945). ''Continuation of the History of the 5th Battalion (Pathans) 14th Punjab Regiment, 1937-1942''. London: Lund Humphries.
*''The 40th Pathans in the Great War''. (1921). Lahore: The Civil and Military Gazette Press.
*Haig, Brodie. ''Fourteenth Punjab Regiment 1939-1945''. London: Lund Humphries, n.d.
*''7th Battalion, 14th Punjab Regiment: Regimental History of Active Service during WWII''. (1947). Nowshera: Northern Army Press.
*Booth, JR, and Hobbs, JB. (1948). ''Ninth Battalion, Fourteenth Punjab Regiment''. Cardiff: Western Mail and Echo Limited.
*Rizvi, Brig SHA. (1984). ''Veteran Campaigners – A History of the Punjab Regiment 1759-1981''. Lahore: Wajidalis.
*Cardew, Lt FG. (1903). ''A Sketch of the Services of the Bengal Native Army to the Year 1895''. Calcutta: Military Department.
* {{cite book|last=Gaylor|first=John|title=Sons of John Company: The Indian and Pakistan Armies 1903–91|publisher=Spellmount|year=1991|isbn=978-0-946771-98-1}}
*{{cite book|last=Barthorp|first=Michael|last2=Burn|first2=Jeffrey|year=1979|title=Indian infantry regiments 1860-1914|publisher=Osprey Publishing|isbn=0-85045-307-0}}
*{{cite book|last=Sumner|first=Ian|title=The Indian Army 1914-1947|year=2001|publisher=Osprey Publishing|isbn=1-84176-196-6}}
{{Pakistan Infantry Regiments}}

{{#seo:
|keywords=British Indian Army infantry regiments, Punjab Regiment (Pakistan), Military units and formations established in 1922, Indian World War II regiments, Military units and formations in Burma in World War II, Military units and formations disestablished in 1956
|description=
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[[Category:British Indian Army infantry regiments]]
[[Category:Punjab Regiment (Pakistan)]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1922]]
[[Category:Indian World War II regiments]]
[[Category:Military units and formations in Burma in World War II]]
[[Category:Military units and formations in British Malaya in World War II|R]]
[[Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1956]]
[[Category:Former infantry regiments of Pakistan|Punjab]]

14th Punjab Regiment - Revision history

MetaBOT at 13:02, 13 July 2023