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{{Year in India|1866}}
Events in the year '''1866 in India'''.

==Incumbents==
*Sir [[John Lawrence, 1st Baron Lawrence|John Lawrence]], [[Governor-General of India]], 12 January 1864 – 12 January 1869
*Colonel [[Edmund Haythorne]], [[Adjutant-General of India]], 22 June 1860–January 1866
*Colonel [[Henry Errington Longden]], Adjutant-General of India, January 1866–March 1869
*[[Francis Napier, 10th Lord Napier|Lord Napier]], [[Governor of Madras]], 1866-1872
*[[Ram Singh II]], Maharao of [[Kota State]], 20 July 1828 – 27 March 1866
*Chhatar Sal Singh II, Maharao of Kota State, 27 March 1866 – 11 June 1889
*[[Sagramji II Devaji]] (Sagramji Bhanabhai), Thakur of [[Gondal State]], 1851-14 December 1869
*[[Bham Pratap Singh]], Raja and Maharajah of [[Bijawar State]], 23 November 1847 – 15 September 1899
*[[Shri Singh]], Raja of [[Chamba State]], 1844-1870
*[[Ranmalsinhji Amarsinhji]], Raj Sahib of [[Dhrangadhra State]], 9 April 1843 – 16 October 1869
*[[Madan Pal]], Maharaja of [[Karauli State]], 4 March 1854 – 16 August 1869
*[[Hiravajra Singh Deo]], Maharajah of [[Patna (princely state)|Patna]], 1848-August 1866
*[[Pratap Singh Deo]], Maharajah of Patna, 1866-1878
*[[Cecil Beadon]], Lieutenant-Governor of Bengal, 1862-1866
*[[Afzal ad-Dawlah, Asaf Jah V]], [[Nizam of Hyderabad]], 16 May 1857 – 26 February 1869
*Robert Milman, consecrated bishop of [[Trichy-Tanjore Diocese of the Church of South India]]
*[[Charles Pelly (civil servant)|Charles Pelly]], revenue member of the [[Madras Legislative Council]], 1862-1866
*[[William Reierson Arbuthnot]], member of the Madras Legislative Council, 1866-1870

==Events==
* East India Association, founded by Dadabhai Naoroji
*47 million people were affected by the [[Orissa famine of 1866]]
*[[Muhammad Qasim Nanotvi]] established the [[Darul Uloom Deoband]] on 31 May 1866, founding the [[Deobandi movement]]
*Nanotvi founded [[Mazahir Uloom Saharanpur]] in November
*[[Khursheed Ali Khan]] established [[Jamia-e-Imania]] on 15 December in Varanasi
*[[Brahmoism]] split into the new [[Sadharan Brahmo Samaj]] sect
*[[India Military Funds Act 1866]] was passed in the [[List of Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, 1860–79|Parliament of the United Kingdom]]
*[[Indian Prize Money Act 1866]] was passed in the [[List of Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, 1860–79|Parliament of the United Kingdom]]
*The [[Law Commission of India|Third Pre-Independence Law Commission]] passed the Draft Contract Law
*The Viceroy's Executive Council, [[Sir Henry Maine]] and Sir [[James Fitzjames Stephen]], passed the Indian Companies Act
*The Viceroy's Executive Council passed the Native Converts Marriage Dissolution Act
*The Viceroy's Executive Council passed the Trustees Act
*The Viceroy's Executive Council passed the Trustees and Mortgage Powers Act
*[[Allahabad High Court]] was established as the High Court of Judicature for the [[North-Western Provinces]] at [[Agra]] on 17 March
*[[Naga Hills]] was given [[Naga Hills District, British India|district status]]<ref>{{cite book|title=A Re-discovery and Re-building of Naga Cultural Values|author=Inato Yekheto Shikhu|publisher=Daya Books|year=2007|isbn=978-81-89233-55-6|pages=53–55}}</ref>
*British Indian administration established a post at Samaguting to end intertribal warfare and tribal raids on property and personnel in [[Nagaland]]
*[[Government Victoria College, Palakkad]] was established in [[Kerala]]
*[[Gossner Theological College]] Seminary was established in [[Jharkhand]]
*[[St. Mary's Convent Inter College]] was established in [[Allahabad]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]
*[[Harish Chandra Postgraduate College]] opened on 1 April in [[Varanasi district]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]
*[[Christ Church College, Kanpur]] opened in [[Kanpur]] as part of the [[University of Calcutta]]
*[[Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay]] published ''Kapalkundala'', a [[Bengali language|Bengali]] novel
*Nandshankar Tuljashankar Mehta published ''[[List of Historical novels in Indian languages|Karan Ghelo]]'' in [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]]
*Edward John Waring published ''[[Pharmacopoeia of India]]''
*[[Calcutta Police Act, 1866]] and the [[Calcutta Suburban Police Act, 1866]] create the [[Kolkata Police Force]]
*[[Bajaur Scouts]] were created
*[[Scinde Dawk]] stamps, the first adhesive stamps used in Asia, were discontinued in June
*British Raj acquired [[Dalhousie Cantonment]] and [[Bakloh]] for 5,000 rupees as a convalescent depot for European troops
*[[Drawings by Douglas Hamilton|Douglas Hamilton]] published ''Report on the High Ranges of the Annamullay Mountains'' in Madras
*[[Commercial Bank of India]] of Bombay, founded in 1845, failed in the [[Panic of 1866]]
*[[Alliance Bank of Simla|United Bank of India]] was established
*[[Grand Chord]] and the [[Howrah–Delhi main line]] were opened, connecting Delhi and Kolkata while the [[Kalka Mail]] entered into service
*[[Sahibganj loop]] was opened, connecting [[Khana Junction]] and [[Kiul Junction]]
*[[Mughalsarai–Kanpur section]] was opened, connecting [[Mughalsarai Junction]] and [[Kanpur Central]]
*[[Nasik Road railway station]] was opened in [[Nashik]]
*[[Manmad Junction railway station]] was opened in [[Nashik]]
*[[Khandwa Junction railway station]] was opened
*[[Mathura–Vadodara section]] was opened
*[[Barharwa Junction railway station]] was opened
*[[Kanpur–Delhi section]] was opened, connecting Kanpur Central and Delhi
*[[Mokama–Barauni section]], connecting [[Mokama Junction]] and [[Barauni]] in [[Bihar]]
*[[Ghaziabad railway station]] opened
*Laksar Junction opened in [[Laksar]], [[Uttarakhand]]
*[[Order of the Star of India]] was expanded to [[Order of the Star of India#Composition|three classes]]
*A supplement, the ''Pioneer Mail'', consisting of "48 quarto-size pages," mostly of advertisements, was added to ''[[The Pioneer (newspaper)|The Pioneer]]''<ref>Das Gupta, Uma. 1977. "The Indian Press 1870-1880: A Small World of Journalism", ''Modern Asian Studies'', 11(2):213-235. pp 233-234.</ref>
*{{HMS|Malabar}}, designed to carry troops between the United Kingdom and British India, is launched on 8 December
*The meteorite Jamkheir [[Meteorite fall|fell]] in [[Maharashtra]] on 5 October
*[[Madurai]] was constituted as a municipality.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://203.101.40.168/newmducorp/citizencharter.htm |title=Madurai Corporation Citizen's Charter |access-date=2015-12-31 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20121129154436/http://203.101.40.168/newmducorp/citizencharter.htm |archive-date=2012-11-29 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
*[[Coimbatore]] was constituted as a municipality.<ref>{{cite news|title=Namma Kovai|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/namma-coimbatore/article5522897.ece|access-date=28 June 2015|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=31 December 2013}}</ref>
*[[Machilipatnam Municipal Corporation]] was constituted as a [[Machilipatnam|municipality]]<ref>{{cite news|title=Masula, Srikakulam, Vizianagaram upgraded into corporations|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Vijayawada/masula-srikakulam-vizianagaram-upgraded-into-corporations/article7967915.ece|access-date=10 December 2015|work=The Hindu|date=10 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151210141558/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Vijayawada/masula-srikakulam-vizianagaram-upgraded-into-corporations/article7967915.ece|archive-date=10 December 2015|location=Vijayawada}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Population Glitch for Masula to Turn into Corporation|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra_pradesh/Population-Glitch-for-Masula-to-Turn-into-Corporation/2015/02/20/article2677908.ece|access-date=10 December 2015|date=20 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125224735/http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra_pradesh/Population-Glitch-for-Masula-to-Turn-into-Corporation/2015/02/20/article2677908.ece|archive-date=25 November 2015|location=Machilipatnam}}</ref>
*[[Kumbakonam]] was constituted as a municipality
*Indian soldiers were first allowed promotions beyond [[subedar]]

==Births==
*[[Gopal Krishna Gokhale]], social and political leader in the [[Indian independence movement]], on 9 May in Kothluk, [[Ratnagiri District]], [[Bombay Presidency]]
*[[Mahbub Ali Khan, Asaf Jah VI]], [[Nizam of Hyderabad]], on 17 August 1866 in [[Purani Haveli]], [[Hyderabad]]
*[[Sham Singh]], Raja of [[Chamba State]] from 1873-1904
*[[Raja of Panagal]], zamindar of [[Kalahasti]], born on 9 July
*[[Khengarji III]], Maharajah of [[Cutch State]], born on 23 August
*[[Syamadas Mukhopadhyaya]], Indian mathematician who introduced the [[four-vertex theorem]] and [[Mukhopadhyaya's theorem]] in [[plane geometry]], born on 22 June
*[[Hiralal Sen]], photographer who is generally considered one of India's first filmmakers

==Deaths==
*[[Ram Singh II]], Maharao of [[Kota State]], on 27 March 1866
*[[Hiravajra Singh Deo]], Maharajah of [[Patna (princely state)|Patna]], August 1866
*[[George Cotton]], English educator and clergyman, known for his connections with British India and the public school system, on 6 October in Kushtia

==References==
{{Reflist}}

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1866 in India - Revision history

MetaBOT at 13:35, 8 July 2023