MetaBOT at 14:02, 8 July 2023

2023-07-08T14:02:12Z

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2019}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 1946 Madras Presidency legislative assembly election
| country = British Raj
| type = parliamentary
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = 1937 Madras Presidency legislative assembly election
| previous_year = '''1937'''
| next_election = 1952 Madras State legislative assembly election
| next_year = '''1952'''
| election_date = 30 March 1946<ref name="commons">[http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1946/apr/16/india-failure-of-constitutional-machinery INDIA (FAILURE OF CONSTITUTIONAL MACHINERY) HC Deb 16 April 1946 vol 421 cc2586-92]</ref>
| seats_for_election = All 215 seats in the [[Legislature of Tamil Nadu|Legislature of Madras State]]
| image1 = [[File:Tanguturi_Prakasam_1972_stamp_of_India.jpg|130x130px]]
| leader1 = [[Tanguturi Prakasam]]
| party1 = Indian National Congress
| leaders_seat1 =
| seats1 = 163
| seat_change1 =
| popular_vote1 =
| percentage1 =
| swing1 =
| image2 = [[File:Muhammad_Ismail_1996_stamp_of_India.jpg|130x130px]]
| leader2 = [[Muhammad Ismail]]<ref name="ralhan">{{Cite book| last =Ralhan| first =Om Prakash| title = Encyclopaedia Of Political Parties, Volumes 33-50| publisher = Anmol Publications| year = 1045| pages = 13| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=6qEHg_7sWGQC&pg=PA1045 |isbn= 978-81-7488-865-5}}</ref>
| leaders_seat2 =
| party2 = All-India Muslim League
| seats2 = 28
| seat_change2 =
| popular_vote2 =
| percentage2 =
| swing2 =
| title = [[Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu|Chief Minister]]
| before_election = Governor's Rule
| before_party =
| after_election = [[Tanguturi Prakasam]]
| after_party = Indian National Congress
}}

The '''second legislative assembly election''' for the [[Madras Presidency]] after the establishment of a bicameral legislature by the [[Government of India Act 1935|Government of India Act of 1935]] was held in 1946. The election was held after 6 years of Governor's rule starting from 1939, when the [[Indian National Congress]] government of [[C. Rajagopalachari]] resigned protesting Indian involvement in [[World War II]]. This was the last election held in the presidency - after [[Indian independence movement|Indian independence]] in 1947, the presidency became the [[Madras state]]. The election was held simultaneously with that of the [[1946 Madras Presidency legislative council election|Legislative Council]]. The Congress swept the polls by winning 163 out of 215 seats. The years after this election saw factionalism in Madras Congress party with divisions across regional (mainly Tamil and Andhra) and communal ([[Brahmin|Brahman]] and non-Brahman) lines. Competition among [[T. Prakasam]] (Andhra Brahman), [[C. Rajagopalachari]] (Tamil Brahman) and [[K. Kamaraj]] (Tamil non-Brahman) resulted in the election of Prakasam as the Chief Minister initially. But he was later defeated by [[Omandur Ramaswamy Reddiar]] (Telugu non-Brahman) with Kamaraj's support. In turn, Reddiar himself was ousted to make way for [[P. S. Kumaraswamy Raja]] (Tamil non-Brahman) with the support of Kamaraj.

==Background==

===Governor's rule in Madras===
The Congress government which had come to power in Madras Presidency in 1937 after winning the [[1937 Madras Presidency legislative assembly election|1937 elections]] resigned in October 1939, protesting India's involvement in the [[Second World War]].<ref name="baker">{{Citation| first=Christopher|last = Baker| title = The Congress at the 1937 Elections in Madras| journal = Modern Asian Studies| volume = 10| issue = 4| pages = 557–589| year = 1976| jstor = 311763| doi=10.1017/s0026749x00014967}}</ref> The Presidency came under the direct rule of the Governor on 30 October 1939, according to Section 93 of the Government of India Act of 1935. It was extended two times on 15 February 1943 and on 29 September 1945 by the proclamation of the Governor. The [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]] government headed by [[Clement Attlee]] came to power in the [[United Kingdom]] in July 1945. It was more sympathetic to the cause of Indian Independence Movement. Indian viceroy [[Archibald Wavell, 1st Earl Wavell|Lord Wavell]], proposed a plan to break the constitutional deadlock. Called the "Wavell plan", it resulted in the release of all Congress political prisoners and called for the repeal of Section 93 and for fresh elections to be held. The Congress agreed to resume its participation in the electoral process and elections were scheduled for 1946.<ref name="commons"/><ref>{{cite book | first=Radhey Shyam| last=Chaurasia| year=2002| title=History of Modern India, 1707 A. D. to 2000 A. D | publisher=Atlantic Publishers| isbn=978-81-269-0085-5| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MS_jrForJOoC&pg=PA388| pages=388}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | first=Nicholas| last=Mansergh| year=1968| title=Survey of British Commonwealth Affairs: Problems of Wartime Cooperation and Post-War Change 1939-1952 | publisher=Routledge| isbn=978-0-7146-1496-0| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4reb6_TOYjsC&pg=PA209| pages=299}}</ref>

===Rajaji-Kamaraj rivalry in the Congress===
The years before the 1946 election saw a bitter struggle between [[C. Rajagopalachari]] (Rajaji) and [[K. Kamaraj]] for the leadership of Madras provincial Congress. Rajaji had quit the Congress on 15 July 1942 over differences with Congress leaders on issues related to [[Pakistan]]. After his departure, the Tamil Nadu Congress leadership was firmly in the hands of Kamaraj, who enjoyed enormous popularity in the Tamil region of the Madras Presidency. Rajaji re-entered Congress again in mid-1945. His return was much appreciated by Congress high command as they felt the Presidency needed his service greatly. [[Sathyamurthy]] was dead, Prakasam's popularity was confined to the Andhra region and Kamaraj was very young. Rajaji's claim to leadership found strong support in a Provincial Congress Committee meeting held in Tirupparankundram on 31 October 1945. To counter him, Kamaraj aligned himself with leaders like [[C. N. Muthuranga Mudaliar]] and [[M. Bhaktavatsalam]]. The Congress high command sent [[Asaf Ali]] to Madras in an effort to mediate between the pro- and anti-Rajaji factions. Kamaraj and Mudaliar wrote to the Congress high command protesting its interference in local politics and its preference of Rajaji. [[Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel]] felt it would be good for Rajaji to enter the [[Constituent Assembly of India|Central Assembly]]. But Rajaji was interested in provincial politics and he wanted to contest from Madras University constituency. In summary, the Congress high command's contention that Madras Presidency Congress would be leaderless without Rajaji was not well received by Kamaraj and others and they were not willing to accept that it was acting purely in the interests of the province.<ref name="Saroja">{{cite book | title=March to freedom in Madras Presidency, 1916-1947| author=Saroja Sundararajan| year=1989| pages=623–636| publisher=Madras : Lalitha Publications}}</ref>

After visiting Madras to participate in the silver jubilee celebrations of the ''Dakshin Bharat Hindi Prachar Sabha'' (Institution for the propagation of Hindi in South India) during January 1946, [[Gandhi]] wrote an article in the ''Harijan'' supporting Rajaji's candidacy. The article titled "Curious" had a reference to a "clique" in Madras Congress against Rajaji. He concluded the article by saying,
{{quotation|Rajaji was by far the best man for the purpose in the Southern presidency, and, if I had the disposal in my hands, I would call Rajaji to office... But the disposal was with the Provincial Congree committee. My opinion was only that of an individual, to be taken for what it was worth.}}
The article led to a huge controversy in Madras province and Gandhi received several telegrams and letters condemning his article. Some even threatened to fast if he did not withdraw the word "clique". However, Gandhi did not relent and withdraw his comments. On 12 February 1946, Kamaraj resigned from the Tamil Nadu Congress Parliamentary Board. Displeased with the controversy, Rajaji withdrew from active politics. Patel, who had worked hard to strengthen Rajaji's image, was enraged by his abrupt withdrawal and said,
{{quotation|How could anybody support you, if you act like this? You do not even consult us, but that has always been your way of life. I can not understand you.}}

However he accepted Rajaji's withdrawal from the Madras University constituency. This was the third time Rajaji had retired from political life, the other two occasions being in 1923 and 1936.<ref name="Saroja"/>
ḝ

===Birth of Dravidar Kazhagam===
The [[Justice Party (India)|Justice party]] which had been the main political alternative to the Congress in the Presidency went into political wilderness following its defeat in the 1937 elections. During the [[Anti-Hindi agitations of Tamil Nadu#Agitation of 1937–40|Anti-Hindi agitations of 1937-40]], it allied itself closely with [[Periyar E. V. Ramasamy]] and his [[Self-Respect Movement]]. Periyar eventually took over the Justice party's leadership on 29 December 1938. On 27 August 1944, it was renamed as [[Dravidar Kazhagam]] (DK).<ref>{{cite book | first1=W. B. Vasantha| last1=Kandasamy | first2=Florentin| last2=Smarandache| author-link2=Florentin Smarandache| year=2005| title=Fuzzy and Neutrosophic Analysis of Periyar's Views on Untouchability | publisher=American Research Press| isbn=978-1-931233-00-2| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hgb-MKcsSR0C| oclc=125408444 |pages=109}}</ref> Under Periyar, the secessionist demand for [[Dravida Nadu]] became its main political plank. The DK boycotted the 1946 elections.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.periyar.org/html/ap_bios_eng3.asp |title=Periyar - A Biographical sketch |access-date=29 December 2009 |archive-date=9 February 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120209054840/http://www.periyar.org/html/ap_bios_eng3.asp |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Participation of Communists===
In 1942, the ban on the [[Communist Party of India]] (CPI), which had been in place since 1934, was lifted.<ref>{{cite book | first=William Norman| last=Brown| year=1972| title=The United States and India, Pakistan, Bangladesh | publisher=Harvard University Press| id=https://books.google.com/books?id=vHcBAAAAMAAJ| url=https://archive.org/details/unitedstatesind00wnor| url-access=registration|pages=[https://archive.org/details/unitedstatesind00wnor/page/289 289]}}</ref> Under the leadership of [[Puran Chand Joshi|P. C. Joshi]], the communists decided to contest the 1946 elections. They contested 103 of the 215 seats and winning two (Railway Trade Union constituency and West Godhavari-Krishna-Guntur non-Union Factory Labour constituency).<ref>{{cite book | first=Ganapathy | last=Palanithurai| year=1994| title=Caste, politics, and society in Tamilnadu | publisher=Kanishka Publishers Distributors| isbn=978-81-7391-013-5| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AHjaAAAAMAAJ&q=103+215|pages=56}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | first=K. K. N.| last=Kurup| year=1989| title=Agrarian struggles in Kerala | publisher=CBH Publications| isbn=978-81-85381-01-5| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JdxwAAAAMAAJ&q=+164+215|pages=13}}</ref>

==Constituencies==
The [[Government of India Act 1935|Government of India Act of 1935]] had created a [[bicameralism|bicameral]] legislature in the Madras province. The legislature consisted of the governor and two legislative bodies – a [[Tamil Nadu legislative assembly|legislative assembly]] and a [[Madras Legislative Council|legislative council]]. The assembly consisted of 215 members who were further classified into general seats and those reserved for special communities and interests:<ref name="baker"/><ref name="tnassembly">[http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/history/history.htm The State Legislature - Origin and Evolution:Brief History Before independence] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100413233934/http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/history/history.htm |date=2010-04-13 }}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! General
! Scheduled Castes
! Mohammadans
! Indian Christians
! Women
! Landholders
! Commerce and Industry
! Labour and Trade Unions
! Europeans
! Anglo Indians
! University
! Backward areas and tribes
|-
|116
|30
|28
|8
|8
|6
|6
|6
|3
|2
|1
|1
|}

The Act provided for a limited adult franchise based on property qualifications.<ref name="low">{{Cite book| last =Low| first =David Anthony| title =Eclipse of empire| publisher =Cambridge University Press| year = 1993| pages = 154| url =https://books.google.com/books?id=QBaYddlnKBEC&pg=PA154 |isbn=978-0-521-45754-5}}</ref> Separate ballot boxes were kept for candidates of different political parties. The Congress was allotted the yellow coloured box, while the Muslim League and the Communist Party of India were allotted green and red coloured boxes respectively.<ref>{{cite web|last=Ramakrishnan|first=S. V|title=தேர்தல் - 1946 "மஞ்சள் பெட்டிக்கே உங்கள் ஓட்டு"|url=http://www.uyirmmai.com/Uyirosai/ContentDetails.aspx?cid=1644|work=Uyirmmai|access-date=30 May 2010|language=ta|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006205631/http://www.uyirmmai.com/Uyirosai/ContentDetails.aspx?cid=1644|archive-date=6 October 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Bandyopādhyāẏa|first=Śekhara |title=From Plassey to partition: a history of modern India|year=2004|publisher=Orient Blackswan|isbn=978-81-250-2596-2|pages=322|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-EpNz0U8VEQC&pg=PA322}}</ref>

==Results==
Party wise break up of seats after the 1946 election:<ref name="Saroja"/><ref name="kurup">{{Cite book| last =Kurup | first =K. K. N| title = Agrarian struggles in Kerala| publisher = CBH Publications| year = 1989| pages = 13| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=JdxwAAAAMAAJ&q=Muslim+League+28 |isbn=978-81-85381-01-5}}</ref><ref name="dash">{{Cite book| last =Dash| first =Shreeram Chandra| title =The Constitution of India; a comparative study| publisher = Chaitanya Pub. House| year = 1968| pages = 532| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=SoRaAAAAIAAJ&q=165 }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=left valign=top|Party
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|Seats
|-
|align=left| [[Indian National Congress]]
|align=center| 163
|-
|align=left| All-India Muslim League
|align=center| 28
|-
|align=left| Independent party
|align=center| 7
|-
|align=left| [[Independent (politician)|Independents]]
|align=center| 6
|-
|align=left| Europeans
|align=center| 6
|-
|align=left| Communists
|align=center| 2
|-
|align=left| Not contested
|align=center| 2
|-
|align=left| '''Total'''
|align=center| 215
|}

==Government formation==
The election was concluded on 30 March 1946. A new government had to be formed before the Governor's rule lapsed on 29 April. The Congress, despite securing an overwhelming majority, was unable to agree upon a candidate for Chief Minister.<ref name="commons"/> Madras Presidency in 1946 was made of four linguistic regions - [[Tamil Nadu]], [[Andhra Pradesh|Andhra]], [[Mysore State|Mysore]] and [[Kerala]] and the Madras Congress Legislature Party (CLP) had four main factions. The factions were both regional - Tamil versus Andhra and Tamil versus Keralites and [[Karnataka]] members; and communal - Brahmin versus non-Brahmin. The largest faction was that of the sixty to seventy non-Brahman Tamil members headed by Tamil Nadu Congress Committee president Kamaraj. The remaining Tamil members were either uncommitted or supported Rajaji, who also had the support of [[P. Subbarayan]]. They called themselves as the ''Reform Group'' and numbered between twenty and thirty. The Andhra faction made up of 77 members, was further divided between the supporters of Prakasam and [[Bhogaraju Pattabhi Sitaramayya]]. There were also smaller Andhra factions of non-Brahmins from the Circars and non-Brahmins from the [[Rayalaseema]]. CLP also had eighteen members from [[Malabar district|Malabar]] and South Canara/Bellary.<ref name="James Walch">{{cite book | title=Faction and front: Party systems in South India| author=James Walch| pages=157–160| publisher= Young Asia Publications}}</ref>

===Opposition to Rajaji===
[[Mahatma Gandhi]] and the National Congress leadership supported the selection Rajaji as Chief Minister of Madras Presidency. This was against the Congress policy of not re-instating leaders who had opposed the [[Quit India Movement]]. Prakasam, [[Madhava Menon]] and Kamaraj, provincial presidents of Congress Committee in Andhra, Kerala and Tamil Nadu respectively were invited to New Delhi for negotiations. Despite Gandhi's intervention, Rajaji's election was defeated by 148 votes to 38.<ref name="James Walch"/><ref name="Duncan B. Forrester"/>

===T. Prakasam===
Kamaraj and Kerala Pradesh Congress Committee President K. Madhava Menon supported C. N. Muthuranga Mudaliar for the post of chief minister and were opposed to Prakasam's candidacy. Rajaji and the ''Reform Group'' observed neutrality because of a prior agreement from 1937, which stipulated that the next Congress government would be headed by a member from Andhra. This led to the election of [[T. Prakasam]] by 82 votes to 69. Difference of opinion arose between Prakasam and Kamaraj over several issues including the inclusion of Madhava Menon in the cabinet. Kamaraj supported his inclusion and Prakasam supported [[Raghava Menon]] who belonged to the pro-Rajaji group. Dissatisfaction with Prakasam's textile mill policies and his slow implementation of prohibition, lead to his fall. Prakasam was voted out of power and submitted his resignation on 14 March 1947. The ''Reform Group'' allied with other opponents of Prakasam for his ouster.<ref name="James Walch"/><ref name="P. Kandaswamy">{{Cite book| last = P. Kandaswamy| title = The political career of K. Kamraj| publisher = Concept publishing company| year = 2001| location = New Delhi | pages = 50| url = https://openlibrary.org/b/OL6874248M/political_career_of_K._Kamaraj}}</ref>

===T. Prakasam cabinet===
Council of ministers in T. Prakasam's cabinet (1 May 1946 – 23 March 1947)<ref name="jp">{{Cite book
| title = Justice Party golden jubilee souvenir, 1968
| publisher = Justice Party
| year = 1968
| pages =50–65
| url= https://books.google.com/books?id=rCZYAAAAMAAJ
}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=left valign=top|Minister
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|Portfolio
|-
|align=left| T. Prakasam
|align=left| Chief minister, Public, Home, police, Food and Finance
|-
|align=left|[[V. V. Giri]]
|align=left| Industries, Labour, Electricity, Co-operation, Planning and Forest
|-
|align=left|[[M. Bhaktavatsalam]]
|align=left| Public works, Irrigation and Highways
|-
|align=left|[[T. S. Avinashilingam Chettiar]]
|align=left| Education
|-
|align=left|[[K. T. Bashyam]] (Bashyam Iyengar)
|align=left| Law, Courts, Prisons and Legislature
|-
|align=left|[[P. S. Kumaraswami Raja]]
|align=left| Development, Agriculture, live stock and Fisheries
|-
|align=left|Daniel Thomas
|align=left| Local administration
|-
|align=left|[[Rukmini Lakshmipathi]]
|align=left| Public health and Medical
|-
|align=left|[[K. R. Karanth]]
|align=left| Land revenue
|-
|align=left|K. Koti Reddi
|align=left| Hindu religious endowments, and Revenue (other than Land revenue)
|-
|align=left| [[Vemula Kurmayya]]
|align=left| Public information
|-
|align=left|[[B. Veeraswami]]
|align=left| Forest, Cinchona, Fisheries and Village industries
|-
|align=left|[[R. Raghava Menon]]
|align=left| House control, Motor transport and Food
|}

;Changes
B. Veeraswami resigned on 3 February 1947 and was replaced with B. Venkatarathanam as minister for Forest, Cinchona, Fisheries and Village industries on 6 February.

===Omandur Ramaswamy Reddiar===
On 21 March 1947, [[Omandur Ramaswamy Reddiar]] was selected as the Chief minister supported by Kamaraj and the anti-Prakasam factional alliance. In 1948, Prakasam sought re-election by contesting against Reddiar, who in addition to Kamaraj, was supported by other notable Andhra members such as [[N. Sanjeeva Reddy]] and [[Kala Venkata Rao]]. Prakasam was defeated by a vote of 112 to 84.<ref name="P. Kandaswamy"/> Gradually Reddiar became dissatisfied with Kamaraj's interference in his administration. When he showed signs of independence, Kamaraj ousted him by vote of no confidence in the CLP on 31 March 1949.<ref name="James Walch"/><ref name="Duncan B. Forrester"/>

===Omandurar's cabinet===
Council of ministers in Omandur Ramasami Reddiar's cabinet (24 March 1947 – 6 April 1949)<ref name="jp"/>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=left valign=top|Minister
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|Portfolio
|-
|align=left| [[Omandur Ramaswamy Reddiar]]
|align=left| Chief Minister, Public, Hindu religious endowments and Harijan uplift
|-
|align=left| [[M. Bhaktavatsalam]]
|align=left| Public works and Planning
|-
|align=left|[[P. Subbarayan]]
|align=left| Home and Legal (Law and Order)
|-
|align=left| [[T. S. S. Rajan]]
|align=left| Food, Motor transport and Labour
|-
|align=left|[[T. S. Avinashilingam Chettiar]]
|align=left| Education
|-
|align=left|[[Daniel Thomas (Indian politician)|Daniel Thomas]]
|align=left| Prohibition, Excise, Registration and Housing
|-
|align=left|[[Vemula Kurmayya]]
|align=left| Harijan uplift, Fisheries and Rural development
|-
|align=left|[[H. Sitarama Reddi]]
|align=left| Industries and Information
|-
|align=left|[[K. Chandramouli]]
|align=left| Local administration and Co-operative
|-
|align=left|[[K. Madhava Menon]]
|align=left| Agriculture and Forest
|-
|align=left|[[Kala Venkata Rao]]
|align=left| Revenue
|-
|align=left|[[A. B. Shetty]]
|align=left| Public health
|-
|align=left|[[S. Gurubatham]]
|align=left| Khadi, Firka development and Cottage industries
|}

;Changes
Subbarayan resigned on 5 April 1948, Daniel Thomas on 15 June 1948 and Kala Venkata Rao on 24 January 1949.

===P. S. Kumaraswamy Raja===
[[P. S. Kumaraswamy Raja]], the next Chief Minister who formed the Government on 6 April 1949 was believed to be a stooge of Kamaraj. His election was opposed by P. Subbarayan, Rajaji and Prakasam.<ref name="P. Kandaswamy"/> Kumaraswamy Raja ruled Madras till the 1952 election when he lost his seat in [[Srivilliputhur (State Assembly Constituency)|Srivilliputhur constituency]].<ref name="Duncan B. Forrester">{{Cite journal| first = Duncan B. |last =Forrester | title = Kamaraj: A Study in Percolation of Style | journal = Modern Asian Studies| volume = 4| issue = 1| pages = 43–61| publisher = Cambridge University Press| year = 1970| jstor = 311752 | doi=10.1017/s0026749x00010970}}</ref><ref name="I. N. Tewary">{{Cite book| last = I. N. Tewary| title = Political system: a micro perspective| publisher = Anmol Publications PVT. LTD.| year = 1999| location = New Delhi | pages = 13| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=32tA0QGMCiQC&q=kamaraj+1952+election&pg=PA13}}</ref>

====Kumaraswamy Raja cabinet====
Council of ministers in Kumaraswamy Raja cabinet (7 April 1949 – 9 April 1952)<ref name="jp"/>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=left valign=top|Minister
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|Portfolio
|-
|align=left| [[P. S. Kumaraswamy Raja|P. S. Kumaraswami Raja]]
|align=left| Public and Police
|-
|align=left| [[T. S. S. Rajan]]
|align=left| Health, Religious Endowment and Resettlement of Ex-Service Personnel
|-
|align=left|[[M. Bhaktavatsalam]]
|align=left| Public Works and Information
|-
|align=left|[[H. Sitarama Reddi]]
|align=left| Land Revenue, Labour, Planning and Development
|-
|align=left|[[K. Chandramouli]]
|align=left| Local Administration and Co-operation
|-
|align=left|[[Bezawada Gopala Reddy]]
|align=left| Finance and Commercial Taxes
|-
|align=left|[[K. Madhava Menon]]
|align=left| Education, Courts and Prisons
|-
|align=left|[[Kala Venkata Rao]]
|align=left| Health
|-
|align=left|[[A. B. Shetty]]
|align=left| Agriculture and Veterinary
|-
|align=left|[[B. Parameswaran]]
|align=left| Firka Development, Khadi, Cottage Industries, Fisheries, Cinchona and Harijan Uplift
|-
|align=left|[[C. Perumalswami Reddiar]]
|align=left| Industries, Mines and Minerals
|-
|align=left|[[J. L. P. Roche Victoria]]
|align=left| Food and Fisheries
|-
|align=left|[[Neelam Sanjiva Reddy]]
|align=left| Prohibition and Housing
|}

;Changes
Sanjiva Reddi resigned on 10 April 1951. Roche Victoria became minister on 2 June 1949 and Kala Venkata Rao on 26 September 1951. Some of the ministers resigned on 8 February 1952, when the results of [[1952 Madras State legislative assembly election|1952 election]] came out. Kumarasamy Raja, Rajan, Reddiar, Parameswaran, Sitarama Reddi, A. B. Shetty stayed on as a caretaker ministry till the next cabinet was formed on 10 April.

==Impact==
The provincial legislatures formed by the 1946 elections elected the members (from their own members) to the [[Constituent Assembly of India|Indian Constituent Assembly]] in December 1946. The Constituent Assembly drafted the [[Constitution of India|Constitution]] of the [[Republic of India|Indian Republic]] and also served as India's first [[Parliament of India|Parliament]] after India's independence on 15 August 1947. Since Congress had an overwhelming majority in both houses of the Madras legislature it was able to send a large number of its members to the Assembly.<ref>[http://www.parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/debates/facts.htm Some Facts of Constituent Assembly]</ref>

List of Constituent Assembly members from Madras Presidency:<ref>[http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/debates/members.htm#MADRAS Members of the Constituent Assembly]</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! No
! Name
! Party
! No
! Name
! Party
|-
| 1||[[O. V. Alagesan]]||Congress||26||[[T. Prakasam]]||Congress
|-
| 2||[[Ammu Swaminathan]]||Congress||27||[[Stanley Henry Prater]]||Anglo-Indian and Domiciled European Association
|-
| 3||[[Madabhushi Ananthasayanam Ayyangar]]||Congress||28||[[Raja of Bobbili]]||
|-
| 4||[[Moturi Satyanarayana]]||Congress||29||[[R. K. Shanmukham Chetty]]||Congress
|-
| 5||[[Dakshayani Velayudhan]]||Congress||30||[[T. A. Ramalingam Chettiar]]||Congress
|-
| 6||[[G. Durgabai]]||Congress||31||[[Ramnath Goenka]]||Congress
|-
| 7||[[Kala Venkata Rao]]||Congress||32||[[O. P. Ramaswamy Reddiyar]] ||Congress
|-
| 8||[[N. Gopalaswami Ayyangar]]||Congress||33||[[N. G. Ranga]]||Congress
|-
| 9||[[D. Govinda Das]]||Congress||34||[[Neelam Sanjiva Reddy]]||Congress
|-
| 10||[[Jerome D'Souza]]||Congress||35||[[K. Santhanam]]||Congress
|-
| 11||[[P. Kakkan]]||Congress||36||[[B. Shiva Rao]]||Congress
|-
| 12||[[K. Kamaraj]]||Congress||37||[[Kallur Subba Rao]]||Congress
|-
| 13||[[V.C. Kesava Rao]]||Congress||38||[[Ullal Srinivas Mallya]]||Congress
|-
| 14||[[T. T. Krishnamachari]]||Congress||39||[[P. Subbarayan]]||Congress
|-
| 15||[[Alladi Krishnaswamy Iyer]]||Congress||40||[[C. Subramaniam]]||Congress
|-
| 16||[[L. Krishnaswami Bharathi]]||Congress||41||[[V. Subramaniam]]||Congress
|-
| 17||[[P. Kunhiraman Nair]]||Congress||42||[[M. C. Veerabahu Pillai]]||Congress
|-
| 18||[[M. Thirumala Rao]]||Congress||43||[[P. M. Velayudapani]]||Congress
|-
| 19||[[V. I. Munuswamy Pillai|V. I. Muniswamy Pillai]]||Congress||44||[[A. K. Menon]]||Congress
|-
| 20||[[Rajah Muthiah Chettiar|M. A. Muthiah Chettiar]]||||45||[[T. J. M. Wilson]]||Congress
|-
| 21||[[V. Nadimuthu Pillai]]||Congress||46||[[Muhammad Ismail]]||All-India Muslim League
|-
| 22||[[S. Nagappa]]||Congress||47||[[K. T. M. Ahmed Ibrahim]]||All-India Muslim League
|-
| 23||[[P. L. Narasimha Raju]]||Congress||48||[[Mahboob Ali Baig]]||All-India Muslim League
|-
| 24||[[Bhogaraju Pattabhi Sitaramayya]]||Congress||49||[[B. Pocker Sahib Bahadur|B. Pocker]]||All-India Muslim League
|-
| 25||[[C. Perumalswamy Reddy]]||Congress||||||
|}

==See also==
*[[1946 Madras Presidency legislative council election]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110721182743/http://dspace.vidyanidhi.org.in:8080/dspace/bitstream/2009/4896/8/MAU-1981-057-Appendices.pdf Text of Gandhi's article in ''Harijan'' and Kamaraj's resignation announcement]

{{Tamil Nadu assembly elections|state=expanded}}

{{#seo:
|keywords=State Assembly elections in the Madras Presidency, 1946 elections in India, Provincial Assembly elections in British India
|description=
}}

[[Category:State Assembly elections in the Madras Presidency]]
[[Category:1946 elections in India]]
[[Category:Provincial Assembly elections in British India]]

1946 Madras Presidency Legislative Assembly election - Revision history

MetaBOT at 14:02, 8 July 2023