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2026-04-21T22:16:53Z

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{{short description|none}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{Infobox election
| country = India
| type = parliamentary
| previous_election = 1984 Indian general election
| previous_year = 1984
| next_election = 1991 Indian general election
| next_year = 1991
| election_date = 22 and 26 November 1989<ref name="ipu.org"/>
| seats_for_election = 529 of the 543 seats in the [[Lok Sabha]]
| majority_seats = 265
| turnout = 61.95% ({{decrease}} 2.06[[Percentage point|pp]])
| registered = 498,906,129
| image1 = {{CSS image crop|Image=Rajiv Gandhi (1987).jpg|bSize=120|cWidth=100|cHeight=120|oLeft=10|oTop=5}}
| leader1 = [[Rajiv Gandhi]]
| party1 = Indian National Congress (Indira)
| last_election1 = 46.86%, 414 seats
| seats1 = '''197'''
| seat_change1 = {{decrease}} 217
| popular_vote1 = '''118,894,702'''
| percentage1 = '''39.53%'''
| swing1 = {{decrease}} 7.33[[Percentage point|pp]]
| image2 = {{CSS image crop|Image=V. P. Singh (cropped).jpg|bSize=100|cWidth=100|cHeight=120|oLeft=0|oTop=0}}
| leader2 = [[V. P. Singh]]
| party2 = Janata Dal
| last_election2 = 13.50%, 14 seats
| seats2 = 143
| seat_change2 = {{increase}} 129
| popular_vote2 = 53,518,521
| percentage2 = 17.79%
| swing2 = {{increase}} 4.29[[Percentage point|pp]]
| image4 = {{CSS image crop|Image=lkadvani.jpg|bSize=120|cWidth=100|cHeight=120|oLeft=10|oTop=5}}
| leader4 = [[Lal Krishna Advani]]
| party4 = Bharatiya Janata Party
| last_election4 = 7.74%, 2 seats
| seats4 = 85
| seat_change4 = {{increase}} 83
| popular_vote4 = 34,171,477
| percentage4 = 11.36%
| swing4 = {{increase}} 3.62[[Percentage point|pp]]
| image5 = {{CSS image crop|Image=E. M. S. Namboodiripad.jpg|bSize=120|cWidth=100|cHeight=120|oLeft=10|oTop=5}}
| leader5 = [[E. M. S. Namboodiripad]]
| party5 = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
| last_election5 = 5.87%, 22 seats
| seats5 = 33
| seat_change5 = {{increase}} 11
| popular_vote5 = 19,691,309
| percentage5 = 6.55%
| swing5 = {{increase}} 0.68[[Percentage point|pp]]
| title = [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]]
| posttitle = Prime Minister after election
| before_election = [[Rajiv Gandhi]]
| before_party = Indian National Congress (Indira)
| after_election = [[V. P. Singh]]
| after_party = [[Janata Dal|JD]]
| map_image = Wahlergebnisse Indien 1989.svg
| map_caption = Results by constituency
| outgoing_members = List of members of the 8th Lok Sabha
| elected_members = List of members of the 9th Lok Sabha
}}{{Politics of India}}

General elections were held in [[India]] on 22 and 26 November 1989 to elect the members of the [[9th Lok Sabha|ninth]] [[Lok Sabha]].<ref name="ipu.org">{{Cite web |title=INDIA: Parliamentary elections Lok Sabha, 1989 |website=Inter-Parliamentary Union |url=http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2145_89.htm |access-date=26 April 2009}}</ref> The incumbent [[Indian National Congress (Indira)]] government under the premiership of [[Rajiv Gandhi]] lost its mandate, even though it was still the largest single party in the Lok Sabha.{{sfnp|Krishna, India since Independence|2011|p=343}}<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sumeda |date=2024-04-06 |title=How the 1989 Lok Sabha election changed Indian politics |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/1989-election-coalition-politics-india-congress-loss-victory-rajiv-gandhi-vp-singh/article67679186.ece |access-date=2024-05-19 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> [[V. P. Singh]], the leader of the second largest party [[Janata Dal]] (which also headed the [[National Front (India)|National Front]]) was invited by the President of India to form the government.<ref>
{{harvp|Krishna, India since Independence|2011|loc=p. 349: 'The Rashtrapati Bhawan communiqué that evening was a commentary on the fractured nature of the mandate: "Since the Congress (I), elected to the Ninth Lok Sabha with the largest membership, has opted not to stake its claim for forming the Government, the President invited Mr. V. P. Singh, leader of the second largest party/group, namely the Janata Dal/National Front to form the Government and take a vote of confidence in the Lok Sabha within 30 days of his assuming office."'}}
</ref> The government was formed with outside support from the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] and Communist parties led by [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]].{{sfnp|Krishna, India since Independence|2011|p=347}} [[Vishwanath Pratap Singh|V. P. Singh]] was sworn in as the seventh [[Prime Minister of India]] on 2 December 1989.

==Background==
The 1989 elections were held after the Lok Sabha [[1984 Indian general election|elected in 1984]] completed its five-year term. Although [[Rajiv Gandhi]] had won the 1984 elections by an unprecedented landslide (mainly due to an overwhelming outpour of [[Mourning sickness|popular grief]] for to [[Assassination of Indira Gandhi|his mother's assassination]]), by 1989 he was trying to fight off scandals that had marred his administration.

The [[Bofors scandal]], Gandhi's supposed attempt at shielding [[Adil Shahryar]], who had been involved in the [[Bhopal disaster|1984 Bhopal tragedy]], allegations of Muslim appeasement in the wake of the [[Mohd. Ahmed Khan v. Shah Bano Begum|Shah Bano case]], rising [[Assam Movement|insurgency in Assam]], [[Khalistan movement|insurrection in Punjab]], Indian involvement in the [[Sri Lankan civil war]] were just some of the problems that stared at his government. Rajiv's biggest critic was [[Vishwanath Pratap Singh]], who held the portfolios of the finance ministry and the defence ministry in the government.

But Singh was soon sacked from the Cabinet and he then resigned from his memberships in the Congress and the Lok Sabha. He formed the [[Jan Morcha|Jana Morcha]] with [[Arun Nehru]] and [[Arif Mohammad Khan]] and re-entered the Lok Sabha as an Independent MP from [[Prayagraj Lok Sabha constituency|Allahabad]]. Witnessing V. P. Singh's meteoric rise on national stage, Rajiv tried to counter<ref>{{Cite web |last=Philip |first=A. J. |title=Opinion: A gentleman among politicians |newspaper=The Tribune (Chandigarh) |date=7 September 2006 |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2006/20060907/edit.htm |access-date=1 January 2016 |archive-date=13 October 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061013081719/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2006/20060907/edit.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> him with another prominent Rajput stalwart [[Satyendra Narayan Sinha|Satyendra Narain Singh]] but failed eventually.

On 11 October 1988, the birth anniversary of [[Jayaprakash Narayan|Jayprakasha Narayan]], V. P Singh made Jana Morcha merge with the [[Janata Party]] & some of its breakaway factions like the [[Janata Party (Secular)]], [[Lokdal|Lok Dal]] & [[Indian National Congress (Jagjivan)|Congress (Jagjivan)]] to form the [[Janata Dal]]. Singh then formed the National Front consisting of the Janata Dal, [[Indian Congress (Socialist) – Sarat Chandra Sinha|Congress (Socialist)]] of [[Sarat Chandra Sinha]], [[Telugu Desam Party|TDP]] of [[N. T. Rama Rao]], [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]] of [[M. Karunanidhi]] & [[Asom Gana Parishad|AGP]] of [[Prafulla Kumar Mahanta|Prafulla Mahanta]]. The National Front also received outside support of [[L. K. Advani|Lal Krishna Advani]] from the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (which had also been formed out of the Janata Party) & [[Jyoti Basu]] from the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]].

To remove the allegations of Muslim appeasement against the Congress (I) party, Rajiv Gandhi took the step of unlocking the gates of the [[Ayodhya dispute|disputed]] [[Babri Masjid]] in [[Ayodhya]] in 1986,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=T. N. M. |date=2024-01-03 |title=How Rajiv Gandhi fell for bad advice to open Babri Masjid locks in 1986 |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/news/how-rajiv-gandhi-fell-for-bad-advice-to-open-babri-masjid-locks-in-1986 |access-date=2024-06-16 |website=The News Minute |language=en}}</ref> which inadvertently caused increased public consciousness about the dispute over the site. The BJP was able to galvanize significant support from the country's Hindu majority towards itself by its electoral promise of constructing a [[Ram Mandir|Hindu temple]] at the site after [[Demolition of the Babri Masjid|tearing down the mosque]].

Voting was not held in [[Assam]] due to rising unrest and a rebellion of [[Boro people|Bodos]], culminating into a massacre of 535 people at [[Gohpur]]. The [[Union territory]] of [[Goa, Daman and Diu]] was split into [[Goa]] and [[Daman & Diu]] with Goa retaining its two seats and the latter gaining a seat, resulting in the total number of Lok Sabha seats increasing by one to a total of 543. As elections were not held in Assam, only 529 seats were contested.

==Results==
{{Election results
|image=[[File:Lok Sabha Zusammensetzung 1989.svg|350px]]
|party1=[[Indian National Congress (Indira)]]|votes1=118894702|seats1=197|sc1=
|party2=[[Janata Dal]]|votes2=53518521|seats2=143|sc2=
|party3=[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]|votes3=34171477|seats3=85|sc3=
|party4=[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]|votes4=19691309|seats4=33|sc4=
|party5=[[Telugu Desam Party]]|votes5=9909728|seats5=2|sc5=
|party6=[[Communist Party of India]]|votes6=7734697|seats6=12|sc6=
|party7=[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]|votes7=7196099|seats7=0|sc7=
|party8=[[Bahujan Samaj Party]]|votes8=6213390|seats8=3|sc8=
|party9=[[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]|votes9=4518649|seats9=11|sc9=
|party10=[[Janata Party]]|votes10=3029743|seats10=0|sc10=
|party11=[[Shiromani Akali Dal (Amritsar)|Shiromani Akali Dal (Simranjit Singh Mann)]]|votes11=2318872|seats11=6|sc11=
|party12=[[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)|Revolutionary Socialist Party]]|votes12=1854276|seats12=4|sc12=
|party13=[[Pattali Makkal Katchi]]|votes13=1561371|seats13=0|sc13=
|party14=[[Doordarshi Party]]|votes14=1338566|seats14=0|sc14=
|party15=[[All India Forward Bloc]]|votes15=1261310|seats15=3|sc15=
|party16=[[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha]]|votes16=1032276|seats16=3|sc16=
|party17=[[Indian Congress (Socialist) – Sarat Chandra Sinha]]|votes17=978377|seats17=1|sc17=
|party18=[[Indian Union Muslim League]]|votes18=974234|seats18=2|sc18=
|party19=[[Indian People's Front]]|votes19=737551|seats19=1|sc19=
|party20=[[Peasants and Workers Party of India]]|votes20=636589|seats20=0|sc20=
|party21=[[All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen]]|votes21=617376|seats21=1|sc21=
|party22=Lok Dal (Bahuguna)|votes22=602110|seats22=0|sc22=
|party23=Bharatiya Republican Paksha|votes23=572434|seats23=0|sc23=
|party24=Karnataka Rajya Ryota Sangha|votes24=495565|seats24=0|sc24=
|party25=[[Republican Party of India (Khobragade)]]|votes25=468615|seats25=0|sc25=
|party26=[[Gorkha National Liberation Front]]|votes26=435070|seats26=1|sc26=
|party27=Shiromani Akali Dal (Badal)|votes27=427609|seats27=0|sc27=
|party28=Jharkhand Dal|votes28=367838|seats28=0|sc28=
|party29=[[Kerala Congress (M)]]|votes29=352191|seats29=1|sc29=
|party30=[[Shiv Sena (1966–2022)|Shiv Sena]]|votes30=339426|seats30=1|sc30=
|party31=[[Marxist Co-ordination Committee]]|votes31=247013|seats31=1|sc31=
|party32=[[Naga People's Front|Nagaland People's Council]]|votes32=239124|seats32=0|sc32=
|party33=[[Hindu Mahasabha]]|votes33=217514|seats33=1|sc33=
|party34=[[Manipur Peoples Party]]|votes34=147128|seats34=0|sc34=
|party35=[[Republican Party of India]]|votes35=129300|seats35=0|sc35=
|party36=Humanist Party of India|votes36=122947|seats36=0|sc36=
|party37=All India Dalit Muslim Minorities Suraksha Mahasangh|votes37=120159|seats37=0|sc37=
|party38=[[Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party]]|votes38=116392|seats38=1|sc38=
|party39=Kuki National Assembly|votes39=108085|seats39=0|sc39=
|party40=[[Shiromani Akali Dal]]|votes40=100570|seats40=0|sc40=
|party41=[[Marxist Communist Party of India (S.S. Srivastava)]]|votes41=100300|seats41=0|sc41=
|party42=[[People's Party of Arunachal]]|votes42=96181|seats42=0|sc42=
|party43=Uttar Pradesh Republican Party|votes43=91740|seats43=0|sc43=
|party44=[[Sikkim Sangram Parishad]]|votes44=91608|seats44=1|sc44=
|party45=[[Amra Bangali]]|votes45=80834|seats45=0|sc45=
|party46=[[Jammu & Kashmir National Conference]]|votes46=71194|seats46=3|sc46=
|party47=[[Mizo National Front]]|votes47=70749|seats47=0|sc47=
|party48=[[Kerala Congress]]|votes48=68811|seats48=0|sc48=
|party49=Tharasu Makkal Mandaram|votes49=64885|seats49=0|sc49=
|party50=Democratic Party|votes50=43667|seats50=0|sc50=
|party51=Shoshit Samaj Dal|votes51=42282|seats51=0|sc51=
|party52=[[Uttarakhand Kranti Dal]]|votes52=39465|seats52=0|sc52=
|party53=[[Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist)]]|votes53=38937|seats53=0|sc53=
|party54=[[All India Muslim Majlis (Dr. Faridi)|Muslim Majlis Uttar Pradesh]]|votes54=25839|seats54=0|sc54=
|party55=Proutist Bloc Of India|votes55=23331|seats55=0|sc55=
|party56=Jammu & Kashmir Panthers Party|votes56=22625|seats56=0|sc56=
|party57=[[Bharatiya Jana Sangh]]|votes57=22446|seats57=0|sc57=
|party58=Karnataka Gana Parishad|votes58=19593|seats58=0|sc58=
|party59=Socialist Party (Lohiya)|votes59=17639|seats59=0|sc59=
|party60=Tamiliar Kazhagam|votes60=12859|seats60=0|sc60=
|party61=[[Rising Sun Party]]|votes61=12858|seats61=0|sc61=
|party62=[[Indian National Congress (Jagjivan)|Indian Congress (J) Trikha Group]]|votes62=12539|seats62=0|sc62=
|party63=[[Socialist Party (India, 1948)|Socialist Party]]|votes63=12430|seats63=0|sc63=
|party64=[[Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)|Socialist Unity Centre of India]]|votes64=8747|seats64=0|sc64=
|party65=All India Garib Congress|votes65=7635|seats65=0|sc65=
|party66=[[Hul Jharkhand Party]]|votes66=6663|seats66=0|sc66=
|party67=Bhatiya Krishi Udyog Sangh|votes67=5895|seats67=0|sc67=
|party68=Lok Party|votes68=4731|seats68=0|sc68=
|party69=[[Akhil Bharatiya Gorkha League|Akhil Bhartiya Gorkha League (Budhiman Gurung)]]|votes69=4426|seats69=0|sc69=
|party70=Shoshit Samaj Party|votes70=3756|seats70=0|sc70=
|party71=Scientific Vedic Revolutionary Party|votes71=3470|seats71=0|sc71=
|party72=Deseeya Karshaka Party|votes72=3059|seats72=0|sc72=
|party73=[[Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad]]|votes73=2998|seats73=0|sc73=
|party74=Barat Desam Labour Party|votes74=2944|seats74=0|sc74=
|party75=Progressive Hul Jharkhand|votes75=2890|seats75=0|sc75=
|party76=Republicon Presidium Party|votes76=2791|seats76=0|sc76=
|party77=West Orissa Peoples Front|votes77=2682|seats77=0|sc77=
|party78=West Bengal Socialist Party (Biman Mitra)|votes78=2411|seats78=0|sc78=
|party79=All India Shiromani Baba Jiwan Singh Mazhbi Dal|votes79=2368|seats79=0|sc79=
|party80=Akhil Bhartiya Hindustani Krantikari Samajwadi Party|votes80=2263|seats80=0|sc80=
|party81=Green Party of India|votes81=2142|seats81=0|sc81=
|party82=Akhil Baratiya Pichhra Varg Party|votes82=2055|seats82=0|sc82=
|party83=Tamil Nadu Peoples Welfare Association|votes83=1964|seats83=0|sc83=
|party84=Sadharam Rajya Parishad|votes84=1928|seats84=0|sc84=
|party85=Indian National Congress (O) Anti-Merger Group|votes85=1735|seats85=0|sc85=
|party86=Gujarat Janata Parishad|votes86=1577|seats86=0|sc86=
|party87=All India Justice Party|votes87=1428|seats87=0|sc87=
|party88=Peoples Democracy of India|votes88=1392|seats88=0|sc88=
|party89=Punjab Peoples Party|votes89=1374|seats89=0|sc89=
|party90=[[Hindustan Janata Party]]|votes90=1361|seats90=0|sc90=
|party91=Bharatha Makkal Congress|votes91=1357|seats91=0|sc91=
|party92=Deccan Congress|votes92=1332|seats92=0|sc92=
|party93=Akhil Bhartiya Lok Tantrik Party|votes93=1272|seats93=0|sc93=
|party94=Vijaya Shakti|votes94=1093|seats94=0|sc94=
|party95=Bhartiya Loktantrik Mazdoor Dal|votes95=1035|seats95=0|sc95=
|party96=Pandav Dal|votes96=918|seats96=0|sc96=
|party97=National Republican Party|votes97=839|seats97=0|sc97=
|party98=Bhartiya Loktantrik Mazdoor Sangh|votes98=703|seats98=0|sc98=
|party99=Mahabharat Peoples Party|votes99=694|seats99=0|sc99=
|party100=Indian Union Muslim League (IML)|votes100=687|seats100=0|sc100=
|party101=Manipur Peoples Council|votes101=677|seats101=0|sc101=
|party102=Vishal Bharat Party|votes102=621|seats102=0|sc102=
|party103=Republican Party of India (Gavai Group)|votes103=539|seats103=0|sc103=
|party104=Punjab Kairon Dal|votes104=493|seats104=0|sc104=
|party105=Peoples Party of India|votes105=478|seats105=0|sc105=
|party106=Indian Labour Party|votes106=406|seats106=0|sc106=
|party107=Socialist Labour League|votes107=391|seats107=0|sc107=
|party108=Bharatiya Krantikari Kisan Sang|votes108=367|seats108=0|sc108=
|party109=Kamaraj Desiya Congress|votes109=322|seats109=0|sc109=
|party110=Punjab Naya Front|votes110=314|seats110=0|sc110=
|party111=Hindu Shiv Sena|votes111=160|seats111=0|sc111=
|party112=Bhartiya Lok Kalyan Dal|votes112=145|seats112=0|sc112=
|party113=Labour Party of India|votes113=99|seats113=0|sc113=
|party114=Independents|votes114=15793781|seats114=12|sc114=
|row115=Nominated [[Anglo-Indians]]|seats115=2|sc115=
|invalid=8274072
|electorate=498906129
|source=[https://eci.gov.in/files/file/4120-general-election-1989-vol-i-ii/?do=download&r=9761&confirm=1&t=1&csrfKey=0a53970c570a9414c865fa27dd5a8267 ECI]
}}
==State Wise Results==
{|class="wikitable defaultcenter col1left" style="font-size: 100%"
!rowspan="2"|[[States and union territories of India|State/Union Territory]]
!rowspan="2"|Seats
|bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Janata Dal}}"|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}"|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Left Front}}"|
|bgcolor="{{party color|Other}}"|
|-
![[Indian National Congress|INC]]
![[Janata Dal|JD]]
![[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
![[Left Front (West Bengal)|LFT]]
!OTH
|-
![[Andhra Pradesh]]
!42
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}; color:white;"|39
|0
|0
|0
|3
|-
![[Arunachal Pradesh]]
!2
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}; color:white;"|2
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
![[Bihar]]
!54
|4
|style="background:{{party color|Janata Dal}}; color:white;"|32
|8
|5
|5
|-
![[Goa]]
!2
|1
|0
|0
|0
|1
|-
![[Gujarat]]
!26
|3
|11
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}; color:white;"|12
|0
|0
|-
![[Haryana]]
!10
|4
|style="background:{{party color|Janata Dal}}; color:white;"|6
|0
|0
|0
|-
![[Himachal Pradesh]]
!4
|1
|0
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}; color:white;"|3
|0
|0
|-
![[1989 Indian general election in Jammu and Kashmir|Jammu & Kashmir]]
!6
|2
|0
|0
|0
|style="background:{{party color|Other}}; color:black;"|4
|-
![[Karnataka]]
!28
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}; color:white;"|27
|1
|0
|0
|0
|-
![[1989 Indian general election in Kerala|Kerala]]
!20
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}; color:white;"|14
|0
|0
|2
|4
|-
![[Madhya Pradesh]]
!40
|8
|4
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}; color:white;"|27
|0
|1
|-
![[Maharashtra]]
!48
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}; color:white;"|28
|5
|10
|1
|4
|-
![[Manipur]]
!2
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}; color:white;"|2
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
![[Meghalaya]]
!2
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}; color:white;"|2
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
![[Mizoram]]
!1
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}; color:white;"|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
![[Nagaland]]
!1
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}; color:white;"|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
![[Orissa]]
!21
|3
|style="background:{{party color|Janata Dal}}; color:white;"|16
|0
|0
|2
|-
![[Punjab]]
!13
|2
|1
|0
|0
|style="background:{{party color|Other}}; color:black;"|10
|-
![[Rajasthan]]
!25
|0
|11
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}; color:white;"|13
|1
|0
|-
![[Sikkim]]
!1
|0
|0
|0
|0
|style="background:{{party color|Other}}; color:black;"|1
|-
![[1989 Indian general election in Tamil Nadu|Tamil Nadu]]
!39
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}; color:white;"|27
|0
|0
|1
|11
|-
![[Tripura]]
!2
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}; color:white;"|2
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
![[Uttar Pradesh]]
!85
|15
|style="background:{{party color|Janata Dal}}; color:white;"|54
|8
|3
|5
|-
![[West Bengal]]
!42
|4
|0
|0
|style="background:{{party color|Left Front}}; color:white;"|37
|1
|-
![[A & N Islands]]
!1
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}; color:white;"|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
![[Chandigarh]]
!1
|0
|style="background:{{party color|Janata Dal}}; color:white;"|1
|0
|0
|0
|-
![[Dadra & Nagar Haveli]]
!1
|0
|0
|0
|0
|style="background:{{party color|Other}}; color:black;"|1
|-
![[Daman & Diu]]
!1
|0
|0
|0
|0
|style="background:{{party color|Other}}; color:black;"|1
|-
![[1989 Indian general election in Delhi|NCT of Delhi]]
!7
|2
|1
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}; color:white;"|4
|0
|0
|-
![[Lakshadweep]]
!1
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}; color:white;"|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
![[Pondicherry]]
!1
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}; color:white;"|1
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
!Total
!529
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}; color:white;"|'''197'''
|style="background:{{party color|Janata Dal}}; color:white;"|'''143'''
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}; color:white;"|'''85'''
|style="background:{{party color|Left Front}}; color:white;"|'''52'''
|style="background:{{party color|Other}}; color:black;"|'''52'''
|}

==Aftermath==
V. P. Singh, who was the head of the Janata Dal, was chosen leader of the National Front government with outside support of the BJP & CPI(M).<ref>
{{cite web |date=19 December 2008 |title=V. P. Singh: Prime Minister of India who tried to improve the lot of the poor |work=The Independent |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/v-p-singh-prime-minister-of-india-who-tried-to-improve-the-lot-of-the-poor-1203626.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/v-p-singh-prime-minister-of-india-who-tried-to-improve-the-lot-of-the-poor-1203626.html |archive-date=1 May 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |access-date=6 October 2017}}{{cbignore}}
</ref> The alliance broke down after Singh supported Bihar's Chief Minister [[Lalu Prasad Yadav]]'s step to arrest Advani in [[Samastipur]] to stop his [[Ram Rath Yatra]], which was going to the [[Babri Masjid]] site in Ayodhya on 23 October 1990. Following this incident, BJP withdrew their support to Singh government, causing them to lose parliamentary [[Motion of no confidence|vote of confidence]] on 7 November 1990.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 November 1990 |title=India's Cabinet Falls as Premier Loses Confidence Vote, by 142–346, and Quits |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/11/08/world/india-s-cabinet-falls-as-premier-loses-confidence-vote-by-142-346-and-quits.html |work=The New York Times |access-date=6 October 2017 |archive-date=11 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711200750/https://www.nytimes.com/1990/11/08/world/india-s-cabinet-falls-as-premier-loses-confidence-vote-by-142-346-and-quits.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[Chandra Shekhar]] broke away from the Janata Dal with 64 MPs and formed the [[Samajwadi Janata Party]] in 1990. He got outside support from the Congress(I) and became the 8th Prime Minister of India. He finally resigned on 21 June 1991, after the Congress(I) withdrew its support alleging that the Chandra Shekhar government was spying on Rajiv Gandhi.

==See also==
*[[V. P. Singh ministry]]
*[[Chandra Shekhar ministry]]
*[[List of members of the 9th Lok Sabha]]
*[[:Category:1989 Indian general election by state or union territory]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
*{{citation |title=India Since Independence: Making Sense Of Indian Politics |first=Ananth V. |last=Krishna |publisher=Pearson Education India |year=2011 |isbn=9788131734650 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8v7Vr2iQUHkC |ref={{sfnref|Krishna, India since Independence|2011}}}}

==External links==
*{{cite web |title=Elections 1989: Congress(I) faces prospect of being routed in Bihar |newspaper=India Today |date=30 November 1989 |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/19891130-elections-1989-congressi-faces-prospect-of-being-routed-in-bihar-816812-1989-11-29}}
*{{cite web |last=Pandya |first=Haresh |title=V. P. Singh, a Leader of India Who Defended Poor, Dies at 77 |work=The New York Times |date=29 November 2008 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/30/world/asia/30singh.html?_r=1& |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201120194616/https://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/30/world/asia/30singh.html?_r=1& |archive-date=20 November 2020}}

{{Indian elections}}

[[Category:1989 elections in Asia|India]]
[[Category:1989 Indian general election| ]]
[[Category:November 1989 in India|General]]
[[Category:General elections in India]]

1989 Indian general election - Revision history

KristyThacker77 at 22:16, 21 April 2026