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{{Infobox earthquake
| name = 1997 Jabalpur earthquake
| timestamp = 1997-05-21 22:51:28
| anss-url = usp00082nd
| isc-event = 1028286
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| map =
| map_alt =
| map_caption =
| map2 = {{Location map | India
| relief = yes
| label =
| lat = 23.1
| long = 80.14
| mark = Bullseye1.png
| marksize = 40
| position = top
| width = 250
| float = right
| caption = }}
| local-date = {{start-date|May 22, 1997}}
| local-time = 04:21
| duration =
| magnitude = 5.8 {{M|w|link=y}} <ref name=ISC-GEM/>
| depth = {{convert|38.7|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} <ref name=ISC-GEM/>
| location = {{coord|23.1|80.14|region:IN_type:event|display=inline,title}} <ref name=ISC-GEM/>
| fault =
| type = [[Fault (geology)#Dip-slip faults|Dip-slip]]<ref name=PAGER-CAT/>
| affected = [[India]]
| damage = [[United States dollar|$]]37–143 million <ref name=PAGER-CAT/>
| intensity = [[Mercalli intensity scale|VIII (''Severe'')]]<ref name=NGDC/>
| pga = 
| tsunami =
| landslide =
| foreshocks =
| aftershocks =
| casualties = 38–56 dead <ref name=PAGER-CAT/> <br> 1,000–1,500 injured <ref name=PAGER-CAT/> <br> 30,000 displaced <ref name=PAGER-CAT/>
}}

The '''1997 Jabalpur earthquake''' occurred on May 22, at 04:21:31 AM in [[Jabalpur District]] in the [[India]]n state of [[Madhya Pradesh]]. The [[epicenter]] of the earthquake was located near Koshamghat village.<ref name=Jain/><ref name=HUDCO>[http://www.hudco.org/disaster.htm HUDCO’s techno-financial assistance for rehabilitation/reconstruction programme for areas affected by natural disasters and calamities] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080225175404/http://www.hudco.org/disaster.htm |date=2008-02-25 }} ''Housing and Urban Development Corporation Limited''</ref> According to geologist Dr V. Subramanyan, former professor at the [[Indian Institute of Technology Bombay]] (IIT Bombay), the earthquake was caused by movement on the Narmada [[Fault (geology)|Fault]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121021001451/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2003-08-01/ahmedabad/27211940_1_narmada-dam-seismicity-large-dams Dams don't cause earthquakes: Scientist] ''[[The Times of India]]''</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/nepal-earthquake-prediction-prevention-india-measures/1/433129.html | title=Earthquake can neither be predicted nor prevented. What one can do is brace for it}}</ref>

==Damage and casualties==
Major damage occurred to structures in the [[Jabalpur District]], [[Mandla District]], [[Seoni District]] and [[Chhindwara District]] in [[Madhya Pradesh]]. Jabalpur and Mandla were the worst affected districts. A total of 887 villages were affected. Approximately 8,546 houses collapsed and nearly 52,690 houses were partially damaged.<ref name=Jain/> Some aftershock activity occurred, but they did not cause any additional damage. Longitudinal ground cracks were observed in some locations of the affected area<ref name=Jain/>

The affected region consisted of both rural and urban areas and the campus of the [[Jawaharlal Nehru Agricultural University]] was the worst affected structure in the urban area. Diagonal cracks occurred in walls, buildings were partially collapsed and the hostel for postgraduate students was severely damaged. Approximately 1,500 houses owned by the [[Indian Railways]] were damaged. In [[Jabalpur]], a 500,000 gallon-capacity shaft-supported [[water tank]] for storage and distribution of [[drinking water]] sustained both horizontal cracking and diagonal cracking. Some [[Earthen dam#Earth-fill dams|earthen dams]] located in the districts of Jabalpur and Mandla reportedly developed longitudinal cracks.<ref name=Jain/>

==Relief efforts==
The search and rescue operation after the earthquake was relatively small. Only raw materials for food were supplied to the victims rather than cooked food because of the summer heat. The [[Indian Army]] was called in to aid. Many people were given cloth tents as temporary shelters. In rural areas persons whose houses had collapsed were provided with 18 wooden posts and 50 wooden purlins for reconstruction and cash assistance of 3,000 [[Indian rupee|rupees]].<ref name=Jain/> [[Member of Parliament#India|MPs]] belonging to the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP) decided to donate their one day's salary to the victims.<ref>[http://www.indianexpress.com/res/web/pIe/ie/daily/19970715/19650043.html Donation for quake victims by BJP] ''[[The Indian Express]]''</ref>

==See also==
*[[Earthquake hazard zoning of India]]
*[[List of earthquakes in India]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name=ISC-GEM>{{citation|title=ISC-GEM Global Instrumental Earthquake Catalogue (1900–2009)|url=http://www.isc.ac.uk/iscgem/index.php|author=ISC|year=2016|publisher=[[International Seismological Centre]]|series=Version 3.0}}</ref>
<ref name=Jain>{{citation|title=Some Observations on Engineering Aspects of the Jabalpur Earthquake of 22 May 1997|url=https://www.nicee.org/eqe-iitk/uploads/EQR_Jabalpur.pdf|first=S. K.|last=Jain|first2=C. V. R.|last2=Murty|first3=J. N.|last3=Arlekar|first4=R.|last4=Sinha|first5=A.|last5=Goyal|first6=C. K.|last6=Jain|year=1997|series=EERI Special Earthquake Report, EERI Newsletter|volume=32|number=2|publisher=[[Earthquake Engineering Research Institute]]}}</ref>
<ref name=NGDC>{{citation|title=Significant Earthquake Database|url=https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/nndc/struts/form?t=101650&s=1&d=1|author=National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS)|publisher=[[National Geophysical Data Center]], [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]]|doi=10.7289/V5TD9V7K|year=1972}}</ref>
<ref name=PAGER-CAT>{{citation|title=PAGER-CAT Earthquake Catalog|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/static/lfs/data/pager/catalogs/|author=USGS|date=September 4, 2009|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|series=Version 2008_06.1}}</ref>
}}

==External links==
*[https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/usp00082nd#executive M 5.8 - Madhya Pradesh, India] – United States Geological Survey
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080405093443/http://www.imd.ernet.in/section/seismo/static/jabalpur.htm Jabalpur Earthquake of May 22, 1997] – [[India Meteorological Department]]
*{{EQ-isc-link|1028286}}

{{Earthquakes in 1997}}
{{Earthquakes in India}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jabalpur Earthquake}}

{{#seo:
|keywords=1997 in India, History of Madhya Pradesh (1947–present), Disasters in Madhya Pradesh, 1997 earthquakes, Jabalpur district
|description=
}}

[[Category:Earthquakes in India|1997 Jabalpur]]
[[Category:1997 in India]]
[[Category:History of Madhya Pradesh (1947–present)]]
[[Category:Disasters in Madhya Pradesh]]
[[Category:1997 earthquakes]]
[[Category:Jabalpur district]]

1997 Jabalpur earthquake - Revision history

MetaBOT at 15:53, 8 July 2023