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{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2020}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 2002–2003 Tamil Nadu assembly by-elections
| country = India
| type = parliamentary
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = 1999–2000 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly by-election
| previous_year = 1999/2000
| next_election = 2006–07 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly by-election
| next_year = 2006-07
| election_date = 21 February – 31 May 2002; 26 February 2003
| seats_for_election = 5 vacant seats in the [[Legislature of Tamil Nadu]]
| image1 = [[File:J_Jayalalithaa.jpg|140px]]
| leader1 = [[J. Jayalalithaa]]
| leaders_seat1 = [[Andipatti (State Assembly Constituency)|Andipatti]]
| party1 = All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
| alliance1 = N/A
| seats1 = 5
| seat_change1 = +4
| popular_vote1 = 21919,906
| percentage1 = 53.5%
| swing1 =
| image2 = [[File:Kalaignar M. Karunanidhi.jpg|140px]]
| leader2 = [[M. Karunanidhi]]
| party2 = Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
| alliance2 = Congress alliance
| leaders_seat2 = [[Chepauk (State Assembly Constituency)|Chepauk]]
| seats2 = 0
| seat_change2 = -3
| popular_vote2 = 212,100
| percentage2 = 35.5%
| swing2 =
| image3 =
| leader3 =
| leaders_seat3 =
| party3 =
| alliance3 =
| seats3 =
| seat_change3 =
| popular_vote3 =
| percentage3 =
| swing3 =
| map_image =
| map_size =
| map_caption =
| title = [[Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu|Chief Minister]]
| posttitle = [[Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu|Chief Minister]]
| before_election = [[O. Panneerselvam]](Acting)
| before_party = All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
| after_election = [[J. Jayalalithaa]]
| after_party = All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
}}
'''By-elections''' to [[Andipatti (State Assembly Constituency)|Andipatti]] constituency was held in [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]], on 21 February 2002. Three state assembly constituencies, [[Saidapet (State Assembly Constituency)|Saidapet]], [[Vaniyambadi (State Assembly Constituency)|Vaniyambadi]], and [[Acharapakkam (State Assembly Constituency)|Acharapakkam]] were held on 31 May 2002. In 2003, by-election in [[Sathankulam (State Assembly Constituency)|Sathankulam]] was held on 26 February 2003. During this by-election, the DMK and all the other major parties supported the Congress candidate, while only BJP supported the AIADMK candidate. This election came after the support of the Anti-conversion bill by AIADMK general secretary, Jayalalithaa and increasing tension between DMK and BJP due to the passage of the bill. The AIADMK win in Sathankulam was significant, since it completes the AIADMK sweep in by-elections after its victory in 2001. Also the anti-conversion bill was not an important factor in the congress-bastion Sathankulam, whose electorate consists of a large percentage of minorities.<ref>{{cite web|first=T N|last=Gopalan |url=http://www.indianexpress.com/oldStory/19601/ |title=Amma in firm control |work=The Indian Express|date=2003-03-06 |access-date=2012-09-21}}</ref>

Despite attempts by the opposition to delay the Andipatti by-election, due to alleged voter list irregularities, the [[Election Commission of India]] decided to have the vacant seat in Andipatti, early in February and push off the other three vacant seats, in May.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/2002/01/21/stories/2002012101720400.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105080527/http://www.hindu.com/2002/01/21/stories/2002012101720400.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2012-11-05 |title=EC decision incorrect, says Chidambaram |date=2002-01-21 |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=2012-09-21}}</ref> Andipatti seat was made vacant by the resignation of [[Thanga Tamil Selvan]] to facilitate the election of [[J. Jayalalithaa]], who had her corruption charges cleared in late December in 2001. Despite the fact that she could not participate in the 2001 General Elections due to her 4 nominations being disqualified, she was sworn-into office. After being released from the case, she became Chief minister without being a [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)]]. She had to become an MLA within 6 months to stay in office.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/fline/fl1903/19030390.htm |title=Friendless in Andipatti |publisher=The Hindu|date=2001-12-04 |access-date=2012-09-21}}</ref>

As AIADMK had won 132 seats in [[2001 Tamil Nadu state assembly election|2001 State assembly election]], even with the breakup of its previous alliance with [[Tamil Maanila Congress]] (TMC), [[Indian National Congress]] (INC), [[Communist Party of India]] (CPI), [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]] (CPM) and [[Pattali Makkal Katchi]] (PMK), it would have still continued to stay in power, regardless of the results in the by-election. But since Jayalalithaa was legally not allowed to run for an MLA seat in 2001, she made the decision to run for an MLA seat before swearing in as Chief Minister.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl1905/19050200.htm |title=Welcome to Frontline : Vol. 29 :: No. 19 |publisher=Hinduonnet.com |access-date=2012-09-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050904085718/http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl1905/19050200.htm |archive-date=2005-09-04 |url-status=usurped }}</ref>

The Andipatti victory, in late February, paved way for Jayalalithaa to swear in as Chief Minister. The party also swept the by-election in late May. The PMK lost an anticipated victory in Acharappakam, a constituency with a high percentage of [[Vanniyar]]s electorates. It was observed that the [[Dalit]] vote base coupled with the popularity of Jayalalithaa led to the defeat, allowing AIADMK to wrest this seat from the PMK.

==Alliances==
Due to reported frustrations with [[J. Jayalalithaa]], almost all of her allies from 2001 election, left the AIADMK alliance and started their own third front. The Third Front consisted of CPM, CPI, [[Indian National League]] (INL), TMC and INC. AIADMK, which was supported by 196 MLAs in 2001, shrunk to 132 seats, with 64 MLAs leaving the alliance. Only 117 seats are required for a party to form a Government. The [[Pattali Makkal Katchi|PMK]], who backed AIADMK in 2001, backed the [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] (DMK), in this by-election, which was part of the [[National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance]] (NDA).

==Results==
'''After Sathankulam by-election in 2003:'''
{| class="wikitable" style="font-weight: bold; font-size: x-small; font-family: verdana"
! style="background:#090; color:white;"|AIADMK+
! style="background:#090; color:white;"|SEATS
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|DMK+
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|SEATS
! style="background:#f90; color:white;"|Third Front
! style="background:#f90; color:white;"|SEATS
! style="background:gray; color:white;"|OTHERS
! style="background:gray; color:white;"|SEATS
|-
|[[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|AIADMK]]
|136 (+4)
|[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]]
|30 (-1)
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPM]]
|6
|[[Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|MDMK]]
|0
|-
|
|
|[[Pattali Makkal Katchi|PMK]]
|19 (-1)
|[[Communist Party of India|CPI]]
|5
|[[Forward Bloc|FBL]]
|1
|-
|
|
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|4
|[[Tamil Maanila Congress|TMC]]
|22
|
|
|-
|
|
|[[MGR Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|MADMK]]
|2
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|7
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|[[Indian National League|INL]]
|0 (-1)
|
|
|-
| style="background:#e6ffe6;"|TOTAL (2003)
| style="background:#e6ffe6;"|136
| style="background:#ffe6e6;"|TOTAL (2003)
| style="background:#ffe6e6;"|55
| style="background:#fff3e1;"|TOTAL (2003)
| style="background:#fff3e1;"|42
| style="background:gray;"|TOTAL (2003)
| style="background:gray;"|1
|-
| style="background:#e6ffe6;"|TOTAL (2001)
| style="background:#e6ffe6;"|196
| style="background:#ffe6e6;"|TOTAL (2001)
| style="background:#ffe6e6;"|37
| style="background:#fff3e1;"|TOTAL (2001)
| style="background:#fff3e1;"|n/a
| style="background:gray;"|TOTAL (2001)
| style="background:gray;"|1
|}
* The number on the left, in the table, represents the total number of MLAs after the by-election, and the number in parenthesis represents, the seats picked up or lost due to the by-election
* The numbers presented for 2001, represents, the alliance, when the PMK and Third Front allied with the AIADMK.

==Constituents and results==
Source: Election Commission of India<ref>[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/ByeElection/ByeMay2002/index.htm May 2002 by-election results]</ref>

===Andipatti===
{{Election box begin | title=2002–03 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly by-elections: [[Andipatti (state assembly constituency)|Andipatti]]}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
|candidate = [[J. Jayalalithaa]]
|votes = 78,437
|percentage = 58.22%
|change = +4.44%
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
|candidate = [[Vaigai Sekar]]
|votes = 37,236
|percentage = 27.64%
|change = -4.03%
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
|candidate = [[Jayachandran (Tamil politician)|Jayachandran]]
|votes = 8,421
|percentage = 6.25%
|change = -5.94%
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 41,201
|percentage = n/a
|change = n/a
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 134,734
|percentage = n/a
|change = n/a
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
|loser =
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===Saidapet===
The election here became very controversial, when opposition leaders, DMK, the left and others, complained about ADMK party cadres allegedly working with the police, that resulted in taking over of polling booths. There were also complaints of voter registration fraud by the opposition. The opposition leaders appealed for an entirely new election in this constituent, which was rejected, by the ECI.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl1912/19121270.htm |title=Welcome to Frontline : Vol. 29 :: No. 19 |publisher=Hinduonnet.com |access-date=2012-09-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100811132734/http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl1912/19121270.htm |archive-date=2010-08-11 |url-status=usurped }}</ref>
{{Election box begin | title=2002–03 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly by-elections: [[Saidapet (state assembly constituency)| Saidapet]]}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
|candidate = Radha Ravi
|votes = 65,868
|percentage = 50.9%
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
|candidate = Ma. Subramanian
|votes = 53,943
|percentage = 41.7%
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|candidate = T. Nandagopal
|votes = 4,154
|percentage = 3.2%
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
|candidate = P. Subramani
|votes = 2,235
|percentage = 1.7%
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 11,925
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 129,433
|percentage = 52.2%
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
|loser = Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===Vaniyambadi===
Source: ''[[The Hindu]]''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/2002/06/03/stories/2002060302700400.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105080558/http://www.hindu.com/2002/06/03/stories/2002060302700400.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2012-11-05 |title=Ruling party tag helps in Vaniyambadi |date=2002-06-03 |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=2012-09-21}}</ref><br />
{{Election box begin | title=2002–03 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly by-elections: [[Vaniyambadi (state assembly constituency)|Vaniyambadi]]}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
|candidate = R. Vadivelu
|votes = 63,599
|percentage = 49.2%
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
|candidate = E.M. Anifa
|votes = 43,878
|percentage = 34.0%
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Indian National League
|candidate = Nawaz
|votes = 11,324
|percentage = 8.8%
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
|candidate = R. Lakshmi Kanthan
|votes = 3,191
|percentage = 2.5%
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Puthiya Needhi Katchi
|candidate = S. Shakila
|votes = 1,135
|percentage = 0.9%
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Loktantrik Jan Samta Party
|candidate = Abdullah Basha
|votes = 1,045
|percentage = 0.8%
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 19,721
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 129,217
|percentage = 63.7%
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
|loser = Indian National League
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
* Indian National League is not a recognized party by ECI, so Nawaz was listed as an Independent, rather than under the INL banner in the election ballots.

===Acharapakkam (SC)===
{{excerpt|Acharapakkam (state assembly constituency)|Bye-election, 2002}}

===Sathankulam===
Source: ECI<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/ByeElection/ByeFeb2003/bye_Feb2003_ac.Sattankulam.htm |title=bye_HP_AC14 |publisher=Eci.nic.in |date=2003-02-26 |access-date=2012-09-21}}</ref><br />
Election was necessitated due to death of S.S. Mani Nadar.

{{Election box begin | title=2002–03 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly by-elections: [[Sathankulam (state assembly constituency)|Sathankulam]]}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
|candidate = L. Neelamegavarnam
|votes = 56,945
|percentage = 57.0%
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = A. Mahendran
|votes = 39,453
|percentage = 39.0%
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 17,492
|percentage = 18.0%
|change = n/a
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 100,446
|percentage = 64.8%
|change = n/a
}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
|loser = [[Tamil Maanila Congress]] (TMC)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

==See also==
1. [http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/press/current/PN_15012002.pdf ECI Press Release]

==References==
<references/>
{{Tamil Nadu assembly elections|state=expanded}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly by-election, 2002-2003}}

{{#seo:
|keywords=State Assembly elections in Tamil Nadu, 2000s in Tamil Nadu, By-elections in Tamil Nadu, 2002 State Assembly elections in India
|description=
}}

[[Category:State Assembly elections in Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:2000s in Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:By-elections in Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:2002 State Assembly elections in India]]

2002 03 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly by-elections - Revision history

MetaBOT at 16:27, 8 July 2023