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{{Short description|Martial law introduced in federal subjects of Russia in 2022}}
{{Infobox event
| title = 2022 Russian martial law
| image = Указ Президента России №756.png
| image_upright =
| image_alt =
| caption = First page of the Russian Presidential Decree "On the introduction of martial law in the territories of the Donetsk People's Republic, Luhansk People's Republic, and Zaporizhzhia and Kherson Regions"
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = ru
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| duration =
| date = 20 October 2022–present
| venue =
| location = Russia and [[Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine|occupied Ukraine]]
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| also_known_as = '''Maximum level of response''',<br>''Average level of response'',<br>''Level of high readiness'',<br>''Level of basic readiness''
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{{Campaignbox 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine}}{{Campaignbox Russo-Ukrainian War}}

[[Martial law in Russia]] was introduced on 20 October 2022 during the ongoing [[Russian invasion of Ukraine]] and a month after the announcement of [[2022 Russian mobilization|mobilization]]. [[President of Russia|President]] [[Vladimir Putin]] issued two [[Decree of the President of Russia|decrees]]: “On the introduction of martial law in the territories of the DPR, LPR, Zaporozhye and Kherson Oblasts” and “On measures taken in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in connection with Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated October 19, 2022 No. 756”.

Martial law has been introduced in full on the territories of [[Ukraine]] [[Russian annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts|annexed by Russia]] ([[Donetsk People's Republic]], [[Luhansk People's Republic]], [[Russian occupation of Kherson Oblast|Kherson Oblast]], [[Russian occupation of Zaporizhzhia Oblast|Zaporizhzhia Oblast]]). In the [[Russia–Ukraine border|regions bordering Ukraine]] - [[Bryansk Oblast|Bryansk]], [[Kursk Oblast|Kursk]], [[Belgorod Oblast|Belgorod]], [[Voronezh Oblast|Voronezh]], [[Rostov Oblast|Rostov]] Oblasts, [[Krasnodar Krai]], as well as in the annexed [[Republic of Crimea|Crimea]] and [[Sevastopol]], a "medium level of response" was introduced, in other regions of the [[Central Federal District|Central]] and the [[Southern Federal District|Southern]] [[Federal districts of Russia|Federal Districts]] - "level of high readiness", and in other [[Federal subjects of Russia|subjects of the Russian Federation]] - "level of basic readiness".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Указ «О мерах, осуществляемых в субъектах Российской Федерации в связи с Указом Президента Российской Федерации от 19 октября 2022 г. № 756» |url=http://kremlin.ru/events/president/news/69632 |access-date=2022-10-19 |website=Президент России |language=ru}}</ref><ref name="подписал указ">{{Cite web |last= |date=2022-10-19 |title=Путин подписал указ о военном положении на аннексированных территориях Украины |url=https://meduza.io/news/2022/10/19/putin-podpisal-ukaz-o-voennom-polozhenii-na-anneksirovannyh-territoriyah-ukrainy |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2022-10-19 |publisher=[[Meduza]] |language=}}</ref>

Officials said after the decrees were issued that no measures were planned to restrict life and freedom of movement.

The martial law regime was introduced for the first time in the [[History of Russia (1991–present)|modern history of Russia]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Как вводится и что означает военное положение в России |url=https://tass.ru/info/16098355 |access-date=2022-10-19 |website=TACC}}</ref><ref name=":0"/> The last time the regime of martial law on the territory of modern Russia was introduced in the [[USSR]] in May 1943 during the [[Second World War]].<ref name=":0" />

== Background ==

=== Previous legislative novels ===
On September 20, the [[State Duma]] unanimously adopted amendments to include the concepts of "[[martial law]]" and "wartime" in the Criminal Code, and the introduction of several articles related to military operations. The law also introduced criminal punishment for failure to comply with an order during a period of “martial law” or “wartime”.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Госдума ввела в Уголовный кодекс понятия «мобилизация» и «военное положение» — а также статьи о мародерстве и сдаче в плен |url=https://meduza.io/news/2022/09/20/gosduma-vvela-v-ugolovnyy-kodeks-ponyatiya-mobilizatsiya-i-voennoe-vremya-a-takzhe-stati-o-maroderstve-i-sdache-v-plen |access-date=2022-10-20 |website=Meduza |language=ru}}</ref>

== Declaration ==
On 19 October 2022, [[Russian President]] [[Vladimir Putin]], at the beginning of a meeting of the [[Security Council of Russia]] dedicated to migration policy, announced the signing of a decree on the introduction of [[martial law]] in the territories of Ukraine annexed in early October 2022.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |date=2022-10-19 |title=Путин объявил о введении режима военного положения в аннексированных регионах Украины |url=https://www.bbc.com/russian/news-63315612 |access-date=2022-10-19 |website=BBC News Русская служба |language=ru}}</ref><ref name=":12">{{Cite web |title=Путин подписал указ о военном положении на аннексированных территориях Украины. В приграничных регионах России введен режим, позволяющий выселять жителей |url=https://meduza.io/news/2022/10/19/putin-podpisal-ukaz-o-voennom-polozhenii-na-anneksirovannyh-territoriyah-ukrainy |access-date=2022-10-19 |website=Meduza |language=ru}}</ref> The martial law regime allows the introduction of restrictive measures: [[curfew]], seizure of private property, restriction of entry / exit and freedom of movement, [[internment]] of foreigners, forced relocation of local residents, prohibition of rallies and strikes, and others.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |date=2022-10-19 |title=Военное положение: что ждет россиян в случае его введения |url=https://crimea.ria.ru/20221019/voennoe-polozhenie-chto-zhdet-rossiyan-v-sluchae-ego-vvedeniya-1124731076.html |access-date=2022-10-20 |website=РИА Новости Крым |language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Андрей Позняков |date=2022-10-19 |title=Россия вводит военное положение в аннексированных регионах |url=https://ru.euronews.com/2022/10/19/russia-martial-law |access-date=2022-10-19 |website=euronews |language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Путин ввел военное положение на оккупированных территориях Украины и режим "среднего реагирования" в приграничных регионах. Что это значит |url=https://www.currenttime.tv/a/putin-voennoe-polozhenie/32091460.html |access-date=2022-10-19 |website=Настоящее Время |language=ru}}</ref> The President added that “before becoming part of Russia”, a “martial law regime” was already in effect in these territories, and the decree was signed to “register this regime already within the framework of Russian legislation”.<ref name=":02" /><ref name=":12" /> In addition, in the [[Federal subjects of Russia|subjects]] bordering Ukraine, a “medium-level response mode” was introduced, allowing to carry out “mobilization measures in the economic sphere” and “territorial defense measures”, in the subjects of the [[Central Federal District|CFD]] and the [[Southern Federal District|SFD]], a “high alert mode” was introduced, allowing to carry out “activities for territorial defense”, as well as to introduce a special regime for facilities that ensure the operation of transport and communications, as well as energy facilities, and in the rest of Russia - a “basic readiness regime”.<ref name=":02" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Путин ввел четыре уровня готовности в регионах России |url=https://tass.ru/politika/16097703 |access-date=2022-10-19 |website=TACC}}</ref> In addition, Putin instructed the [[Government of Russia|government]] to prepare a draft decree on the establishment of a [[Special Coordinating Council]] under the Cabinet of Ministers<ref name=":12" /> and submit proposals on measures to be taken in the territories where martial law has been introduced,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Путин ввел военное положение в новых регионах России |url=https://tass.ru/politika/16097427 |access-date=2022-10-19 |website=TACC}}</ref> and also endowed the heads of all Russian regions with additional powers.<ref>{{Cite web |title=На аннексированных территориях введено военное положение. В приграничных регионах России может быть ограничена свобода передвижения Что сказал Путин на заседании Совбеза. Коротко |url=https://meduza.io/paragraph/2022/10/19/v-anneksirovannyh-regionah-vvedeno-voennoe-polozhenie-v-prigranichnyh-regionah-rossii-mozhet-byt-ogranichena-svoboda-peredvizheniya |access-date=2022-10-19 |website=Meduza |language=ru}}</ref> On the evening of the same day, the [[Federation Council (Russia)|Federation Council]] unanimously approved Putin's decree on the introduction of martial law in the annexed territories.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-19 |title=Совфед единогласно утвердил указ Путина о военном положении в ДНР, ЛНР, Херсонской и Запорожской областях |url=https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/5621240 |website=[[Коммерсантъ]] |language=ru}}</ref>

== Legal acts ==
Paragraph No. 3 of the main decree reads: “If necessary, in the Russian Federation during the period of martial law, other measures provided for by the Federal Constitutional Law of January 30, 2002 No. 1-FKZ “0 martial law” may be applied.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Указ о введении военного положения на территориях ДНР, ЛНР, Запорожской и Херсонской областей |url=http://kremlin.ru/events/president/news/69631 |access-date=2022-10-20 |website=Президент России |language=ru}}</ref>

== Reaction ==
Immediately after the decrees were published, [[Kremlin Press Secretary]] [[Dmitry Peskov]] promised that there were no plans to close the borders.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Песков исключил закрытие границ из-за военного положения в новых субъектах |url=https://www.vedomosti.ru/politics/news/2022/10/19/946343-peskov-isklyuchil-zakritie-granits-iz-za-voennogo-polozheniya |access-date=2022-10-20 |website=Ведомости |language=ru}}</ref> At the same time, [[Security Council of Russia|Security Council]] Secretary [[Nikolai Patrushev]] said that the Russian authorities would tighten migration control and the responsibility of foreigners for violating the rules of stay.

[[Moscow Mayor]] [[Sergei Sobyanin]] said that it is not planned to introduce measures restricting life and freedom of movement,<ref>{{Cite web |title=О выполнении указов Президента России |url=https://www.sobyanin.ru/o-vypolnenii-ukazov-prezidenta-rossii |access-date=2022-10-20 |website=www.sobyanin.ru |language=ru-RU}}</ref> similar statements were made in the administrations of the [[Kursk Oblast|Kursk]] and [[Voronezh Oblast|Voronezh]] Oblasts.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Воронежские и курские власти после получения новых полномочий заявили об отсутствии ограничений для жителей – Коммерсантъ Воронеж |url=https://www.kommersant.ru/amp/5621215 |access-date=2022-10-19 |website=www.kommersant.ru}}</ref>

== See also ==

* [[2022 Russian mobilization]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Normative legal acts and bills ==

* [http://www.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/69631 Decree on the introduction of martial law in the territories of the DPR, LPR, Zaporozhye and Kherson Oblasts]
* [http://www.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/69632 Decree "On measures taken in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in connection with the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of October 19, 2022 No. 756"]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Russian martial law 2022}}

{{#seo:
|keywords=October 2022 events in Russia, Russian invasion of Ukraine, Martial law
|description=
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[[Category:October 2022 events in Russia]]
[[Category:Russian invasion of Ukraine]]
[[Category:Martial law]]

2022 Russian martial law - Revision history

MetaBOT at 04:31, 9 July 2023