Systumm at 19:33, 11 September 2023

2023-09-11T19:33:29Z

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{{short description|3D film with physical effects that occur in the theater}}[[File:4D venue.jpg|alt=4D venue complete with motion-enhanced seating and multisensory olfactory technology.|thumb|320x320px|4D venue complete with motion-enhanced seating and multisensory olfactory technology]]
'''4D film''' is a presentation system combining [[motion pictures]] with synchronized physical effects that occur in the theater. Effects simulated in 4D films include, but are not limited to, motion, [[vibration]], [[Sense of smell|scent]], rain, mist, bubbles, fog, smoke, wind, temperature changes, and strobe lights.<ref>Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211205/FN03zZRHSHA Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20181115120500/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FN03zZRHSHA Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite web| url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FN03zZRHSHA| title = 4DX Cinemas Next Generation - Motion Seats, Wind, Fog, Lighting, Bubbles, Water & Scents | website=[[YouTube]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211205/0Gtcjn4uvjE Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20150329174357/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Gtcjn4uvjE Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite web| url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Gtcjn4uvjE| title = Smelly Screens & Moving Seats At The UK's First 4DX Cinema {{!}} Swipe | website=[[YouTube]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Seats in 4D venues vibrate and move during these multisensory presentations.

As of 2022, 4D films are exhibited in more than 65 countries globally.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-04-01 |title=4DX Continues to Dominate The 4D Marketplace by Inking Deal with Cineplex Germany |url=https://www.dcinematoday.com/dc/pr?newsID=5415 |access-date=2022-03-27 |website=DCinemaToday}}</ref> 4D motion pictures are also exhibited in [[theme park]]s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Weekly Top 10: The World's Best Theme Park Movie Attractions |url=https://www.themeparkinsider.com/flume/201501/4382/ |access-date=2022-03-27 |website=Theme Park Insider}}</ref>

==History==
The precursors of the modern 4D film presentation include Sensurround, which debuted in 1974 with the film ''[[Earthquake (1974 film)|Earthquake]]''. Only a few films were presented in Sensurround, and it was supplanted by Dolby Stereo in 1977, which featured extended low frequencies and made subwoofers a common addition to cinema.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.in70mm.com/news/2011/in_sensurround/english/index.htm|title= …in Sensurround|last= Hauersley|first= Thomas|date= May 25, 2011|publisher= In 70mm|access-date= October 23, 2017}}</ref> Other notable efforts at pushing the boundaries of the film viewing experience include [[Fantasound]], the first use of stereo sound; [[Cinemiracle]] and [[Cinerama]], both widescreen formats utilizing multiple projectors; and [[Smell-O-Vision]].

''[[The Sensorium]]'' is regarded as the world's first commercial 4D film and was first screened in 1984 at [[Six Flags Power Plant]] in Baltimore. It was produced in partnership with [[Landmark Entertainment Group|Landmark Entertainment]].<ref>{{cite book|last= Zone|first= Ray|date= 2012|title= 3-D Revolution: The History of Modern Stereoscopic Cinema|url= http://uknowledge.uky.edu/upk_book/120/|publisher= The University Press of Kentucky|pages= 143–155|isbn= 978-0-8131-3611-0|access-date= 2017-10-23|archive-date= 2017-10-23|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171023230917/http://uknowledge.uky.edu/upk_book/120/|url-status= dead}}</ref>

[[4DX]], [[D-Box Technologies]], and [[MX4D|Mediamation]] all currently integrate 4D technology in global stadium seating multiplexes.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/movies/cinema-with-a-new-dimension-20111005-1la3c#ixzz3Ci7Na2Cx|title= Cinema with a new dimension|last= Maddox|first= Gary|date= October 7, 2011|publisher= The Sydney Morning Herald|access-date= October 23, 2017}}</ref>

==List of 4D presentation systems for film theatres==
The following is a list of 4D presentation systems developed for traditional [[Movie theater|film theatres]].

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;|Format
! Date
! Developer
! scope="col" style="width: 80px;|3D format
! Motion seat
! class="unsortable" | Effects
! class="unsortable" | Remarks
! class="unsortable" | Notes
! class="unsortable" | Source
|-
|[[4DX]]
|align=center|
|CJ 4D Plex
|[[Stereoscopy|Stereoscopic 3D]]
|align=center|yes
|motion, vibration, scent/olfactory, water sprays, wind/air, snow, fog, strobes, lightning, bubbles
|
|[[Cineworld]], [[Cinépolis]]
|align=center|
|-
|[[D-Box]]
|align=center|
|[[D-Box Technologies]]
|Stereoscopic 3D
|align=center|yes
|motion, vibration
|
|[[Cinemark Theatres|Cinemark]]
|align=center|
|-
|[[MX4D]]
|align=center|
|MediaMation
|Stereoscopic 3D
|align=center|yes
|motion, vibration, scent/olfactory, water sprays, wind/air, snow, fog, strobes, lightning, bubbles
|
|[[Paramount Global|Paramount]], [[Showcase Cinemas|Showcase]]
|align=center|<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.showcasecinemas.com/theatres/theatre-technology/MX4D|title= Showcase Cinemas|date= 2017|publisher= National Amusements, Inc|access-date= October 22, 2017}}</ref>
|-
|4D E-Motion
|align=center|
|Lumma
|Stereoscopic 3D
|align=center|yes
|motion, vibration, scent/olfactory, water sprays, air shots, wind, strobes, colour lights, fog, bubbles, snow
|
|
|align=center|
|-
|(Not named by developer)
|align=center|
|Red Rover
|Stereoscopic 3D
|align=center|yes
|motion, water sprays, wind/air, scent/olfactory, fog, strobes, bubbles,
|
|Branded as Super 4D in [[Lotte Cinema]] installations.
|align=center|
|-
|}

==Selected filmography==

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;|Title
! Year
! Release venue/Country
! Notes
|-
| ''[[Scent of Mystery|The Scent of Mystery]]'' || 1960 || Specially outfitted general-release theaters ||Scent/olfactory
|-
| ''[[The Sensorium]]'' || 1984 || [[Six Flags Power Plant]], [[Baltimore, MD]] || The first 4D film
|-
| ''[[Captain EO]]'' || 1986 || [[Epcot]], [[Disneyland]], [[Disneyland Paris]] and [[Tokyo Disneyland]] || Closed in the mid-late 1990s and reopened in 2010 as a tribute to the late [[Michael Jackson]].
|-
| ''[[Muppet*Vision 3D]]'' || 1991 || [[Disney's Hollywood Studios]]|| Directed by [[Jim Henson]]
|-
| ''[[Honey, I Shrunk the Audience]]'' || 1994 || [[Epcot]], [[Disneyland]], [[Disneyland Paris]] and [[Tokyo Disneyland]] || Sponsored by [[Kodak]], closed in all locations in May 2010 and was replaced with ''Captain EO''.
|-
| ''[[T2 3D: Battle Across Time|Terminator 2 3D: Battle Across Time]]'' || 1996 || [[Universal Studios Japan]]|| Directed by [[James Cameron]]
|-
| ''[[Pirates 4D]]'' || 1997 || [[SeaWorld Ohio]], [[Busch Gardens Williamsburg]], [[Thorpe Park]] in the UK, [[Busch Gardens Tampa Bay]]|| Produced by Busch Entertainment, Directed by Keith Melton.
|-
| ''[[The Amazing Adventures of Spider-Man]]'' || 1999 || [[Islands of Adventure]], [[Universal Studios Japan]]|| Water, smoke, strobe, and vibration.
|-
| ''[[PandaVision|PandaDroom]]'' || 2002 || The [[Efteling]], [[Netherlands]] || Same film released in other parks without 4D effects
|-
| ''[[SpongeBob SquarePants 4-D]]'' || 2002, 2006 || [[Six Flags over Texas]], [[Moody Gardens]], [[Shedd Aquarium]], [[Adventure Dome]], [[Six Flags Great Adventure]], [[Movie Park Germany]], [[Adventure Aquarium]], [[Kings Dominion]], (formerly at [[Paramount Parks]]), [[Indianapolis Zoo]], [[Carowinds]], [[Adventure Aquarium|Camden Aquarium]] ([[Camden, New Jersey|Camden, NJ]]), Flamingo Land Theme Park and Zoo and other locations ||
|-
| ''[[Mickey's PhilharMagic]]'' || 2003 || [[Magic Kingdom]], [[Hong Kong Disneyland]], [[Tokyo Disneyland]], and [[Disney California Adventure]]. || In collaboration with [[Walt Disney Feature Animation]]
|-
| ''[[Haunted Lighthouse]]''{{efn|Also known as ''R. L. Stine's Haunted Lighthouse 4-D'')}}|| 2003 || [[Flamingo Land Theme Park and Zoo]] ||
|-
| ''[[Shrek 4-D]]'' || 2003 || [[Universal Studios Florida]], Universal Studios Japan, and [[Universal Studios Singapore]]|| Released in an [[Anaglyph 3D|anaglyph]] version as [[Shrek 4-D#Other releases|''Shrek 3-D'' on DVD]]
|-
| ''[[Borg Invasion 4-D|Borg Invasion]]'' || 2004 || [[Star Trek: The Experience]], at Las Vegas Hilton, US || Closed in 2008, to be reopened in [[Neonopolis]], Las Vegas
|-
| ''[[Fly Me to the Moon (film)|Fly Me to the Moon]]'' || 2008 || [[Six Flags over Texas]] ||
|-
| ''[[Journey to the Center of the Earth 4-D Adventure]]'' || 2008 || Vibrant 5D, [[Raipur]], [[India]]|| [[Stone Mountain Park]], [[Dollywood]], [[Warner Bros. Movie World]]
|-
|''[[Fly High: The Legend of Black Man]]'' || 2017 || [[India]]|| First Indian 4D film; directed by Rahul Rathish Kumar
|-
| ''[[Avatar (2009 film)#Initial screening|Avatar in 4D]]'' || 2009 || [[Flag of South Korea|South Korea]], [[Hong Kong]] || In [[4DX]]. [[James Cameron]], Director
|-
| ''[[London Eye#History|London Eye 4D Experience]]'' || 2009 || [[London Eye]]|| Produced by Centre Screen Productions and Principal Large Format
|-
| ''[[Beyond All Boundaries]]'' || 2009 || [[The National WWII Museum|WWII Museum]], New Orleans || Produced by [[Tom Hanks]]
|-
|''ENERGIA The Spirit of the Earth'' || 2009 || [[La Cité de l'Énergie|Cité de l'énergie]], [[Shawinigan]] (Quebec) || Spectators are seated on a revolving platform. Features wind, snow, smoke, rain, vibration and lighting effects.
|-
| "The Garden" || 2010 || [[USA pavilion at Expo 2010]] || The eight-minute film was projected upon five 10-meter-high screens.
|-
| ''[[Marvel Super Heroes 4D]]'' || 2010 || [[Madame Tussauds London]], [[Trans Studio Bandung]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.simworx.co.uk/?portfolio=trans-studio|title=Superheroes 4D: Trans Studio, Badung, Indonesia|date=2014-01-09|website=Simworx|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-12}}</ref>||
|-
| ''[[Rabid Rider]]'' || 2010 || [[Cincinnati Zoo]] ||
|-
| ''[[Star Tours—The Adventures Continue]]'' || 2011 || [[Disneyland]], [[Disney's Hollywood Studios]], [[Tokyo Disneyland]], & ''[[Disneyland Paris]]'' || Replaced/Replacing ''[[Star Tours]]'' in all locations. Was updated in late 2015 to add an adventure themed to ''[[Star Wars: The Force Awakens]]''<ref>{{cite web|last1=Glover|first1=Erin|title=Star Wars Enhancements, New Experiences Coming Soon to Walt Disney World and Disneyland Resorts|url=http://disneyparks.disney.go.com/blog/2015/08/star-wars-enhancements-new-experiences-coming-soon-to-walt-disney-world-and-disneyland-resorts/#comments|website=Disney Parks Blog|access-date=16 August 2015}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Shalem (2011 film)|Shalem]]'' || 2011? || Jerusalem Time Elevator, [[Jerusalem]] || A 3000-year-old guide to [[Jerusalem]]'s history at the Jerusalem Time Elevator, Jerusalem.<ref>[http://www.gojerusalem.com/discover/item_9983/Jerusalem-Time-Elevator-Tickets Jerusalem Time Elevator Tickets] GoJerusalem.com</ref>
|-
| ''[[Spy Kids: All the Time in the World]]'' || 2011 || United States, India, Canada and UK || Smell was achieved by using [[Scratch and sniff|scratch and sniff cards]]
|-
| ''[[Transformers: The Ride]]'' || 2011 || Universal Studios Singapore, Universal Studios Hollywood, Universal Studios Florida||
|-
|''[[The Bourne Legacy (film)|The Bourne Legacy]]''
|2012
|Multinational
|In [[4DX]]
|-
| ''[[Despicable Me: Minion Mayhem]]'' || 2012 || [[Universal Studios Florida]], [[Universal Studios Japan]], and [[Universal Studios Hollywood]]|| 14-minute simulator ride, starring Gru, Margo, Edith, Agnes and the Minions; setting is 1 year after the events of the original film in 2010.
|-
| ''Tallgrass Prairie: Tides of Time'' || 2012 || [[Flint Hills Discovery Center]], [[Manhattan, KS|Manhattan]], [[Kansas]] || Features wind, snow, smoke, and lightning effects<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.flinthillsdiscovery.org/exhibits |title=Immersive Experience Theater|access-date=2015-10-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151020075315/http://www.flinthillsdiscovery.org/exhibits |archive-date=2015-10-20 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Prometheus (2012 film)|Prometheus]] '' || 2012 || Cinepolis Galerias Guadalajara, Mexico || In [[4DX]]. [[Ridley Scott]], Director
|-
|''[[Titanic (1997 film)|Titanic]]''
|2012
|Multinational
|[[4DX]] re-release,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ltd |first=CJ 4DPLEX Co |title=TITANIC to be Re-released in 4DX™ |url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/titanic-to-be-re-released-in-4dx-145899195.html |access-date=2022-03-27 |website=www.prnewswire.com |language=en}}</ref> [[James Cameron]], Director
|-
| ''[[The Adventures of Tintin (film)|The Adventures of Tintin]] '' || 2011 || [[Nickelodeon Resorts]], [[Paramount Parks]], [[North Carolina Zoo]], and [[Alton Towers]] || 14-minute condensed version of the film.
|-
| ''[[Iron Man 3]]'' || 2013 || Korona World Theatre [[Nagoya]], [[Japan]],<ref name="Iron1">{{citation|author= Marah Eakin |title=Iron Man 3 getting sniff-worthy 4D screenings in Japan|url=https://www.avclub.com/article/emiron-man-3-emgetting-sniff-worthy-4d-screenings--96689|access-date=28 February 2014|date=18 April 2013|publisher=Onion Inc.}}</ref> Seoul, South Korea
||Labeled as [[4DX]] featuring strobe lights, tilting seats, blowing wind and fog, and odor effects.
|-
|''[[47 Ronin (2013 film)|47 Ronin]]''
|2014
|Multinational
|In [[4DX]]
|-
|''[[Fury (2014 film)|Fury]]''
|2014
|Multinational
|In [[4DX]]
|-
|''[[Interstellar (film)|Interstellar]]''
|2014
|Multinational
|In [[4DX]]. [[Christopher Nolan]], Director
|-
| ''[[Rio (2011 film)|Rio]] '' || 2014 || [[San Diego Zoo]], [[Kentucky Kingdom]], [[North Carolina Zoo]], [[Indianapolis Zoo]], [[Cincinnati Zoo]] || 12-minute condensed version of the film.
|-
| ''Temple Run 7D'' || 2014 || [[India]] || 9-minute ride to various Indian temples including Kedarnath, Badrinath, Gangotri, Rameshwaram, and Dwarka produced by Modern Techno Projects Private Ltd.
|-
|''[[Star Wars: The Force Awakens]]''
|2015
|Multinational
|In [[4DX]]. [[J. J. Abrams|J.J. Abrams]], Director
|-
| ''Ice Age: No Time for Nuts 4D'' || 2015 || [[United States]] || 4D-remastered version of [[No Time for Nuts|the 2006 short film of the same name]].
|-
|''[[Rogue One]]''
|2016
|Multinational
|In [[4DX]]
|-
| ''[[Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice]]'' || 2016 || [[Seoul]], [[Korea]] and [[New York City]], [[New York (state)|New York]] || Labeled as [[4DX]] including fog, wind, motion, rain, lightning, vibrations and scents.
|-
| ''[[Pixels (2015 film)|Pixels]]'' || 2016 || [[Taguig]], [[Philippines]] || [[4DX]] re-release including models, sprites, explosives, and bullets.
|-
| ''[[Mass Effect: New Earth 4D]]'' || 2016 || [[California's Great America]] || {{frac|4|1|2}}-minute film, 60-foot screen with 4K resolution, live performers, wind, water, leg pokers, neck ticklers, 80-channel surround sound
|-
| ''LEGO Nexo Knights 4D: The Book of Creativity''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt5861080/|title=LEGO Nexo Knights 4D: The Book of Creativity|date=15 June 2016 |publisher=[[Internet Movie Database]] |access-date=15 April 2018}}</ref> || 2016 || [[Legoland]] parks and [[Legoland Discovery Centre]] parks worldwide || {{frac|12|1|2}}-minute 4D film of LEGO [[Nexo Knights]] shown at Legoland, along with The LEGO Movie 4D Produced by Alexander Lentjes<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2640400/|title=Alexander Lentjes |publisher=[[Internet Movie Database]] |access-date=15 April 2018}}</ref> for M2Film and [[Merlin Entertainments]]
|-
|''[[Gravity (2013 film)|Gravity]]''
|2018
|Multinational
|[[4DX]] re-release,<ref>{{Citation |title=(4DX 3D) Gravity {{!}} Book tickets at Cineworld Cinemas |url=http://www.cineworld.co.uk/films/4dx-3d-gravity/ho00005717 |language=en |access-date=2022-03-27}}</ref> [[Alfonso Cuarón]], Director
|-
|''[[Life of Pi (film)|Life of Pi]]''
|2018
|Multinational
|[[4DX]] re-release,<ref>{{Citation |title=(4DX 3D) Life Of Pi {{!}} Book tickets at Cineworld Cinemas |url=http://www.cineworld.ie/films/4dx-3d-life-of-pi/ho00005716 |language=en |access-date=2022-03-27}}</ref> [[Ang Lee]], Director
|-
|''[[1917 (2019 film)|1917]]''
|2019
|Multinational
|In [[4DX]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nguyen |first=Jacob |date=2020-01-10 |title=Review: 4DX theater puts you inside the movie at Regal Atlantic Station |url=http://reporternewspapers.net/2020/01/10/review-4dx-theater-puts-you-inside-the-movie-at-regal-atlantic-station/ |access-date=2022-03-27 |website=Reporter Newspapers & Atlanta Intown |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Sam Mendes]], Director, Produced by [[Amblin Partners]]
|-
|''[[Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker]]''
|2019
|Multinational
|In [[4DX]]. [[J. J. Abrams|J.J. Abrams]], Director
|-
|''[[Gemini Man (film)|Gemini Man]]''
|2019
|Multinational
|In [[4DX]]. [[Ang Lee]], Director
|-
|''[[The Lion King (2019 film)|The Lion King]]''
|2019
|Multinational
|In [[4DX]]. [[Jon Favreau]], Director
|-
|''[[Inception]]''
|2020
|Multinational
|[[4DX]] re-release,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Inception in 4DX at Cineworld {{!}} Cineworld cinemas |url=https://www.cineworld.co.uk/static/en/uk/blog/inception-five-scenes-to-experience-in-4dx-at-cineworld |access-date=2022-03-27 |website=www.cineworld.co.uk |language=en}}</ref> [[Christopher Nolan]], Director
|-
|''[[The Matrix Resurrections]]''
|2021
|Multinational
|In [[4DX]]. [[Lana Wachowski]], Director
|-
|''[[Top Gun: Maverick]]''
|2022
|Multinational
|In [[4DX]]. [[Tom Cruise]], [[David Ellison]], Producers
|-
|''[[The Super Mario Bros. Movie]]''
|2023
|Multinational
|In [[4DX]]. [[Aaron Horvath]], [[Michael Jelenic]] Directors
|-
|''[[Oppenheimer (film)|Oppenheimer]]''
|2023
|Multinational
|In [[4DX]]. [[Christopher Nolan]], Director<ref>{{Citation |last=Nolan |first=Christopher |title=Oppenheimer |date=2023-07-21 |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt15398776/ |type=Biography, Drama, History |publisher=Atlas Entertainment, Syncopy, Universal Pictures |access-date=2022-03-27}}</ref>
|}

==See also==
* '''''<small>{{portal-inline|Film}}</small>'''''
* [[Avatar Flight of Passage|''Avatar'' Flight of Passage]]
* [[4DX]]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Stereoscopy|state=expanded}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:4D Film}}
[[Category:Motion picture film formats]]
[[Category:3D films]]
[[Category:1984 introductions]]
[[Category:4D films|*]]

4D film - Revision history

Systumm at 19:33, 11 September 2023