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{{Infobox military unit
|unit_name=84th Punjabis
| image=Badge of 84th Punjabis.jpg
| image_size = 180
|caption=
|dates=1903–1922
|country={{flag|British India}}
|branch={{army|British India}}
|type=Infantry
|size=1 Battalion
|command_structure=
|garrison=
|ceremonial_chief=
|ceremonial_chief_label=
|colonel_of_the_regiment=
|nickname=Macdonald ki Paltan
|motto=
|colors=Red; faced green
|colors_label=Uniform
|march=
|mascot=
|battles=[[Fourth Anglo-Mysore War|Fourth Mysore War]] 1798–99 [[Second Anglo-Maratha War|Second Mahratta War]] 1803–06 [[Bourbon Island]] 1810 [[Mauritius]] 1810 [[Third Anglo-Maratha War|Third Mahratta War]] 1817–19 [[Coorg War]] 1834 [[Upper Burma]] 1889–93 [[First World War]] 1914–18<ref name="Qureshi 1958">Qureshi, Maj MI. (1958). ''The First Punjabis: History of the First Punjab Regiment 1759–1956''. Aldershot: Gale & Polden.</ref>
|notable_commanders=
|anniversaries=
}}
The '''84th Punjabis''' was an infantry regiment of the [[British Indian Army]]. It was raised by Captain Donald Macdonald at [[Vellore]] on 12 August 1794, as the 34th Battalion of Madras Native Infantry. It was designated as the 84th Punjabis in 1903 and became the 10th (Training) Battalion, [[1st Punjab Regiment]] in 1922. In 1943, it was converted into the 1st Punjab Regimental Centre. In 1947, the 1st Punjab Regiment was allocated to the [[Pakistan Army]]. In 1956, the 1st, 14th, 15th and 16th Punjab Regimental Centres where amalgamated to form the [[Punjab Regiment (Pakistan)|Punjab]] Regimental Centre.<ref name="Qureshi 1958"/>

==Early history==
The regiment had its antecedents in the old [[Madras Army]] of the British [[East India Company]], which was largely responsible for the British conquest of south and central [[India]]. It was raised at [[Vellore]] in August 1794, as the 34th Madras Battalion. The regiment's first action was during the [[Fourth Anglo-Mysore War]] near Mallavelly on 27 March 1799. On 4 May, it fought in the [[Battle of Seringapatam]], where [[Tipu Sultan]] made his last stand. The regiment's next major action was in the [[Second Maratha War]], where it fought in the [[Battle of Assaye]] on 3 September 1803, under General [[Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington|Arthur Wellesley]], the future Duke of Wellington. The regiment's performance was much appreciated during the day's fierce fighting, where it suffered 228 casualties. As a reward, it was permitted to display the word "Assaye" with the device of an elephant on their colours and appointments. In 1810, it took part in the expeditions to [[Bourbon Island]] and [[Mauritius]] in the [[Indian Ocean]]. It was again engaged against the Marathas during the [[Third Maratha War]] of 1817–19, which decisively broke the Maratha power in India. In the latter part of the 19th century, the regiment did not see much action, although it saw active service in [[Burma]].<ref name="Qureshi 1958"/>[[File:2-12th Madras Native Infantry at the Battle of Assaye, 1803. Painting by JC Stadler (1780-1822), c. 1815..jpg|thumb|right|General [[Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington|Arthur Wellesley]], later Duke of Wellington, directing the 2/12th Madras Native Infantry (84th Punjabis), at the [[Battle of Assaye]], 1803. Painting by JC Stadler c. 1815.|350px]]

==84th Punjabis==
In 1902, the regiment, now designated as the 24th Madras Infantry, was reconstituted with Punjabi Muslims, [[Sikh]]s and [[Rajput]]s. Next year, as a result of the [[Kitchener Reforms|reforms]] brought about in the Indian Army by [[Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|Lord Kitchener]], all Madras units had 60 added to their numbers, and the regiment's designation was changed to 84th Punjabis. During the first three years of the [[First World War]], the 84th Punjabis remained deployed on the [[North-West Frontier Province (1901–1955)|North West Frontier]] of India. In March 1917, they were dispatched to [[Mesopotamian Campaign|Mesopotamia]], where it operated on the [[Euphrates]] Line. By now, the Turkish Army in Mesopotamia had been largely defeated and the regiment did not see any significant fighting. In November 1918, it moved to [[Macedonian front (World War I)|Salonika]] in [[Greece]] and then six weeks later to the [[Russian Transcaucasia]] in support of the [[White Russians (Russian Civil War)|White Russian]] forces fighting the [[Red Army|Bolshevik]]s. After spending 1919–20 in [[Turkey]] as part of the Allied occupation forces, it returned home in October 1920.<ref name="Qureshi 1958"/>

==Subsequent history==
After the First World War, the 84th Punjabis were grouped with the [[62nd Punjabis|62nd]], [[66th Punjabis|66th]], [[76th Punjabis|76th]] and [[82nd Punjabis]], and the [[1st Brahmans]] to form the 1st Punjab Regiment in 1922. The battalion was redesignated as 10th Battalion, 1st Punjab Regiment and became the Training Battalion of the regiment, based at [[Jhelum]]. During the [[Second World War]], 10/1st Punjab was converted into the 1st Punjab Regimental Centre. In 1947, the 1st Punjab Regiment was allocated to Pakistan Army, and in 1956, it was merged with the [[14th Punjab Regiment|14th]], [[15th Punjab Regiment|15th]] and [[16th Punjab Regiment]]s to form one large [[Punjab Regiment (Pakistan)|Punjab Regiment]]. The 1st Punjab Regimental Centre was merged with the 14th, 15th and 16th Punjab Regimental Centres to form the Punjab Regimental Centre. It is based at [[Mardan]].<ref name="Qureshi 1958"/><ref>Rizvi, Brig SHA. (1984). ''Veteran Campaigners – A History of the Punjab Regiment 1759–1981''. Lahore: Wajidalis.</ref>

==Lineage==
[[File:Types of Punjab Regiments. AC Lovett 1910..jpg|thumb|right|"Punjab Regiments." Watercolour by Alfred Crowdy Lovett, 1910. Sepoy 84th Punjabis fourth from right.|370px]]
*1794: 34th Battalion of Madras Native Infantry
*1797: 2nd Battalion 12th Regiment of Madras Native Infantry
*1824: 24th Regiment of Madras Native Infantry
*1885: 24th Regiment of Madras Infantry
*1901: 24th Madras Infantry
*1903: 84th Punjabis
*1922: 10th (Training) Battalion 1st Punjab Regiment
*1942: 10/1st Punjab Regimental Training Centre
*1943: 1st Punjab Regimental Centre
*1956: Punjab Regimental Centre

==See also==
*[[1st Punjab Regiment]]
*[[Punjab Regiment (Pakistan)|Punjab Regiment]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
*Qureshi, Maj MI. (1958). ''The First Punjabis: History of the First Punjab Regiment 1759–1956''. Aldershot: Gale & Polden.
*Wilson, Lt Col WJ. (1882–88). ''History of the Madras Army''. Madras: The Government Press.
*Phythian-Adams, Lt Col EG. (1943). ''Madras Infantry 1748–1943''. Madras: The Government Press.
*Rizvi, Brig SHA. (1984). ''Veteran Campaigners – A History of the Punjab Regiment 1759–1981''. Lahore: Wajidalis.
*{{cite book|last=Barthorp|first=Michael|last2=Burn|first2=Jeffrey|year=1979|title=Indian infantry regiments 1860–1914|publisher=Osprey Publishing|isbn=0-85045-307-0}}
*{{cite book|last=Sumner|first=Ian|title=The Indian Army 1914–1947|year=2001|publisher=Osprey Publishing|isbn=1-84176-196-6}}
* {{cite book|last=Gaylor|first=John|title=Sons of John Company: The Indian and Pakistan Armies 1903–91|publisher=Spellmount|year=1991|isbn=978-0-946771-98-1}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2022}}

[[Category:British Indian Army infantry regiments]]
[[Category:Punjab Regiment (Pakistan)]]
[[Category:Military history of the Madras Presidency]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1794]]
[[Category:Indian World War I regiments]]
[[Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1922]]
[[Category:1794 establishments in British India]]

84th Punjabis - Revision history

Bot at 15:32, 11 August 2021