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{{Short description|Indian lyricist and writer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2022}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Arudra
| image = Arudra felicitating Mr.Menon.jpg
| imagesize =260px
| birth_name =Bhagavatula Sadasiva Sankara Sastry
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1925|8|31}}
| birth_place =[[Visakhapatnam]], Andhra Pradesh, India
| occupation = {{flatlist|
* Poet
* lyricist
* songwriter
* translator
* writer
}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1998|6|4|1925|8|31}}
| other_names =
| caption =
| death_cause =
| title =
| spouse = [[K. Rama Lakshmi]]
| awards =[[Sahitya Akademi Award]], 1987
| website =
}}
'''Arudra''' (born '''Bhagavatula Sadasiva Sankara Sastry'''; 31 August 1925 – 4 June 1998) was an Indian author, poet, lyricist, translator, publisher, dramatist, playwright, and an expert on [[Telugu literature]].<ref name="auto2">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ObFCT5_taSgC|title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: A-Devo|first=Amaresh|last=Datta|date=1 January 1987|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|isbn=9788126018031|via=Google Books}}</ref><ref name="hinduonnet.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mp/2002/08/19/stories/2002081900840200.htm|title=The Hindu : A humanist lyricist|access-date=19 April 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070423172226/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mp/2002/08/19/stories/2002081900840200.htm|archive-date=23 April 2007|url-status=usurped}}</ref><ref name="thehindu.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/arudra-remembered/article6084432.ece|title=Arudra remembered|date=5 June 2014|work=The Hindu}}</ref><ref name="thulika.net">{{cite web|url=http://www.thulika.net/2008June/arudra.html |title=Dr. Arudra: Relentless Researcher and People's Poet |access-date=2008-07-10 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080803104016/http://www.thulika.net/2008June/arudra.html |archive-date=3 August 2008}}</ref><ref name="vedah.net">{{cite web|url=http://www.vedah.net/manasanskriti/bhagavatula.html|title=telugu, mana saMskriti (our culture)}}</ref> He is also known for his works in [[Telugu cinema]] as a lyricist, dialogue writer, and story writer. He received the [[Sahitya Akademi Award]] in 1987.<ref name="hinduonnet.com"/><ref name="thulika.net"/><ref name="vedah.net"/><ref name="thehindu.com1">{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/arudra-remembered/article250429.ece|title=Arudra remembered|date=5 June 2009|work=The Hindu}}</ref>

==Early life==
Aarudra was born in [[Yelamanchili]], [[Anakapalli district]], Andhra Pradesh, India on 31 August 1925.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/arudra-birth-anniversary/article5081827.ece|title=Arudra birth anniversary|date=1 September 2013|work=The Hindu}}</ref> Aarudra is the nephew of Telugu poet [[Srirangam Srinivasarao|Sri Sri]]. After primary education, he shifted to [[Vizianagaram]] in 1942 for his college education.<ref name="auto2"/><ref name="hinduonnet.com"/><ref name="thehindu.com"/> He was attracted to [[communism]] after coming into contact with people like ''Ronanki Appalaswami'' and [[Chaganti Somayajulu]].{{Citation needed|date=August 2022}}

He joined the [[Indian Air Force]] as a Band Boy in 1943 and served it till 1947.<ref name="hinduonnet.com" /> He shifted to [[Chennai|Madras]] and worked as editor of ''[[Anandavani]]'' magazine for two years. Joining the film industry in 1949, he wrote lyrics and dialogues for many films. He married noted writer K. Rama Lakshmi (a columnist and a writer-critic in her own right) in 1954.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.visitvizag.in/arudra.asp |title=Archived copy |access-date=2007-04-19 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928131804/http://www.visitvizag.in/arudra.asp |archive-date=28 September 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0038010/|title=Arudra|website=[[IMDb]] }}</ref>

==Literary works==
''Tvamevaham'' (You are none other than me) and ''Samagra Andhra Sahityam'' (An Encyclopedia of Telugu Literature) are his landmark works.<ref name="hinduonnet.com"/> He wrote poetry such as ''Koonalamma Padaalu'', reminiscences of the [[Second World War]].<ref name="auto">Aarudra, 'Samagra Andhra Sahityam' (1968). Reprinted in 1989</ref><ref name="auto2"/><ref name="Aarudra, 2005">Aarudra, 'Samagra Aaandhra Saahityam' (2005): Revised and Reprinted, Published by Telugu Akademi, Hyderabad.</ref> He translated the [[Tamil language|Tamil]] treatise [[Tirukkuṛaḷ|Tirukkural]] into Telugu. He belonged to the school of progressive writers such as ''Abhyudaya Rachayitala Sangham''.<ref name="thehindu.com2">{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/br/2002/05/14/stories/2002051400130303.htm|title=The Hindu : Collection of essays|website=[[The Hindu]] }}</ref><ref name="thehindu.com3">{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-fridayreview/muddubidda-1956/article6641010.ece|title=MUDDUBIDDA (1956)|date=28 November 2014|work=The Hindu}}</ref><ref name="auto"/><ref name="Aarudra, 2005"/>

===Tvamevaham===
''Tvamevaaham'' written in 1948 was based on the contemporary violence and lawlessness during the Razakar movement in [[Hyderabad State|the princely state of Hyderabad]].<ref name="thehindu.com1"/> The Razakar attrocoties were sponsored by the [[Nizam]] against his own people who wanted to overthrow him in favor of democracy and join the Indian Union. In this kaavyam, death spoke to a human being and says, "you and I are the same (Tvamevaaham)".<ref name="hinduonnet.com"/><ref name="thehindu.com2"/><ref name="thehindu.com3"/><ref>Aarudra, 'Vennela-vesavi', Navodaya Publishers, Vijayawada, 1977</ref>

===The Samagra Andhra Sahityam===
AHumpy first published the SAS in 12 parts between 1965 and 1968. It spans the Telugu literature from the 9th century [[Common Era|CE]] to modern times. He chronicled the history of Telugu Literature in 12 volumes:
# Early and [[Chalukya dynasty|Chalukya Era]] (From 8 – 9c CE to end of 12c CE)
# [[Kakatiya dynasty]] (1200–1290 CE)
# Padmanayaka Era (1337–1399 CE)
# Reddiraju Era (1400–1450 CE)
# Early Rayala ([[Vijayanagara]]) (1450–1500 CE)
# Later Rayala (Vijayanagara) (1500–1550 CE)
# [[Nawab]]s (1550–1600 CE)
# Nayaka Kings (1600–1670 CE)
# Later Nayaka Kings (1670–1750 CE)
# [[East India Company]] (1750–1850 CE)
# [[Zamindar]]i (1850–1900 CE)
# Modern (1900 CE onwards)

===How is Sita related to Rama?===
''Ramudiki Sita Yemautundi?'' or ''How is Sita related to Rama?'', put before the public the riddle of [[Mandodari]], [[Sita]] and [[Hanuman]] and their origins in a lucid and scholarly way.<ref name="thehindu.com2"/><ref name="thehindu.com3"/> It was a bold attempt at cracking the [[Valmiki]]-[[Ramayana]] code and in the process de-mystified the story of Rama to the middle-class, literate, modern day Telugu reader.
<ref name="auto1">Aarudra, 'Ramudiki Seetemautundi? 'Vishalandra Publishing House, Hyderabad, 1978.</ref><ref name="thehindu.com1"/>

The book explores the [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] and [[Jainism|Jain]] sources of the story of [[Rama]].<ref name="thehindu.com1"/> It also surveys the Khotan Siam ([[Thai people|Thai]]), Laos, and Malaysian versions of the story of Rama. Here is a sampling from the 'Dasaratha Jataka ', a Buddhist Tale:
<blockquote>Buddha narrates the 'Dasaratha Jataka' tale to a householder who was grieving the death of his son....Long long ago.. Dasaratha was the king of Varanasi.<ref name="auto2"/> He had sixteen thousand wives.The Queen had two sons and a daughter.The eldest son was called Ramapundit and the younger one was called Laxmanpundit. The daughter was called Sitadevi. The Queen dies after sometime. Dasaratha marries again, and comes to like her the most. She begets a son named Bharata...When Ramapundit returns from the forest, he marries Sita and rules for 16000 years...Bodhisatta concludes the story stating that Dasaratha was none other than Shuddhodana (Father of Buddha) in an earlier reincarnation. Similarly, Sita was none other than Rahulmata (Mother of Rahul or Wife of Buddha) and Ramapundit was none other than Buddha himself.<ref name="thehindu.com1" /></blockquote>Aarudra's questions like "How is Sita related to Rama?" or "Were they just Husband and wife?" may sound naive or sacrilegious but a serious study of [[Genealogy|genealogies]], as revealed from different sources, logically leads to them. To deny the existence of such stories, per Arudra, would amounted to intellectual dishonesty.<ref name="auto1" /><ref name="auto2" />

===List of his works===
*'''Poems (Kavyas)''': Tvamevaaham, Sinivaali, koonalamma Padaalu, Intinti Pajyaalu. America Intinti pajyaalu, sitakoka chilukalu (radio play)
*'''Lyrics''': Gaayaalu-Geyaalu, Pailaapacceesu, Yencina Padyaalu, Yetikedadi, Kondagaali Tirigindi.
*'''Translations''': Veera Telangaana Viplava Geetalu (from English), Vennela-Vesavi (from Tamil), Kabeer Bhaavaalu and Batvaada-Arudra (from Hindi).
*'''Dramas''': Udgeedha, Geyanaatika, Raadaari Bangla, Saalabhanjikalu.
*Dual Poetry: Rukkuteswara Satakam (with Sri Sri), Meemee (with Sri Sri and Varada)
*'''Research Work''': Samagraandhra Saahityam, Arudra Vyaasapeetham, Raamudi ki Seeta Yemavutundi?,
*'''Other works''': Arudra kathalu, Mahaneeyulu, Chadarangam, cinema scripts and lyrics.

==Filmography==
{{colbegin}}
# ''[[Beedala Patlu]]'' (1950) (lyrics)
# ''[[Kanna Talli]]'' (1953) (writer)
# ''[[Pakka Inti Ammayi]]'' (1953) (adapted screenplay)
# ''[[Veera Kankanam]]'' (1957) (dialogue)
# ''[[Chenchu Lakshmi (1958 film)|Chenchu Lakshmi]]'' (1958) (lyrics)
# ''[[Illarikam]]'' (1959) (dialogue)
# ''[[Jayabheri]]'' (1959) (lyrics)
# ''[[Aradhana (1962 film)|Aradhana]]'' (1962) (lyrics)
# ''[[Bhishma (1962 film)|Bhishma]]'' (1962) (lyrics)
# ''[[Dakshayagnam (1962 film)|Dakshayagnam]]'' (1962) (writer)
# ''[[Manchi Kutumbam]]'' (1965) (lyrics)
# ''[[Gudachari 116]]'' (1966) (story and dialogue)
# ''[[Farz (1967 film)|Farz]]'' (1967) (story)
# ''[[The Train (1970 film)|The Train]]'' (1970) (screenplay)
# ''[[Mosagallaku Mosagadu (1971 film)|Mosagallaku Mosagadu]]'' (1971) (story and dialogues)
# ''[[Andala Ramudu (1973 film)|Andala Ramudu]]'' (1973) (lyrics)
# ''[[Muthyala Muggu]]'' (1975) (lyrics)
# ''[[Yashoda Krishna]]'' (1975) (writer)
# ''[[Mahakavi Kshetrayya]]'' (1976) (writer)
# ''[[Daana Veera Soora Karna]]'' (1977) (lyrics)
# ''[[Mallepoovu]]'' (1977) (lyrics)
# ''[[Anugraham]]'' (1978) (dialogue)
# ''[[Kondura]]'' (The Sage from the Sea) (1978) (writer)
# ''[[Thoorpu Velle Railu]]'' (1979) (lyrics)
# ''[[Pelli Pustakam (1991 film)|Pelli Pusthakam]]'' (1991) (lyrics)
# ''[[Mr. Pellam]]'' (1993) (lyrics)
{{colend}}

===Film songs===
His film songs are compiled and published by his wife K. Ramalaxmi in five volumes.<ref>Arudra Cine Geethalu (1965–1970) – Vol. 3, Navvula Nadilo Puvvula Padava, Compiled by K. Ramalakshmi, Published by Vishalandhra Publishing House, Hyderabad, 2002.</ref><ref>Arudra Cine Geethalu (1977–1998) – Vol. 5, Kurise Chirujallulo, Compiled by K. Ramalakshmi, Published by Vishalandhra Publishing House, Hyderabad, 2003.</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year !! Film title !! Popular song/s
|-
| 1965 || ''[[Manchi Kutumbam]]'' || ''Manase Andhala Brundhavanam''<br>''Preminchuta Pillala Vantu''
|-
| 1965 || ''[[Pandava Vanavasam]]'' || ''Baavaa Baavaa Panneeru''
|-
| 1965 || ''[[Preminchi Choodu (1965 film)|Preminchi Choodu]]'' || ''Mee Andala Chetulu Kandenu Papam''
|-
| 1965 || ''[[Veerabhimanyu]]'' || ''Adigo Navalokam Velase Manakosam''<br>''Rambha Urvasi Taladanne''
|-
| 1965 || ''[[Zamindar (1965 film)|Zamindar]]'' || ''Chukkalu Podiche VelaNene Nene Letha''
|-
| 1966 || ''[[Antastulu]]'' || ''Vinara Vissanna Ne Vedam Cheputa''
|-
| 1967 || ''[[Bhakta Prahlada (1967 film)|Bhakta Prahlada]]'' || ''Siri Siri Laali Chinnari Laali''
|-
| 1967 || ''[[Gudachari 116]]'' || ''Manasuteera Navvule Navvule Navvali''
|-
| 1967 || ''[[Sakshi (1967 film)|Sakshi]]'' || ''Amma Kadupu Challaga''
|-
| 1968 || ''[[Bandipotu Dongalu]]'' || ''Gandara Ganda Soggadivanta''
|-
| 1968 || ''[[Ramu (1968 film)|Ramu]]'' || ''Pachani Chettu Okati''
|-
| 1970 || ''[[Akka Chellelu]]'' || ''Chakachakalade Paduchundi''
|-
| 1972 || ''Iddaru Ammayilu'' || ''Oho Mister Brahmachari''
|-
| 1978 || ''[[Mana Voori Pandavulu]]'' || ''Orey Pichchi Sannasi'' <br>''Pandavulu Pandavulu Thummeda''
|-
| 1978 || ''[[Vayasu Pilichindi]]'' || ''Muthyamalle Merisipoye Mallemogga''<br>''Nuvvadigindi Enaadaina Kaadhannaana''
|-
| 1991 || ''[[Pelli Pustakam (1991 film)|Pelli Pustakam]]'' || ''Srirastu Subhamastu''
|-
| 1993 || ''[[Mister Pellam]]'' || ''Adagavayya Ayyagari''
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}
{{lists of poets |state=collapsed}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Aarudhra}}
[[Category:Indian lyricists]]
[[Category:Telugu-language lyricists]]
[[Category:Telugu poets]]
[[Category:1925 births]]
[[Category:1998 deaths]]
[[Category:Telugu-language writers]]
[[Category:Andhra University alumni]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:Indian male dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:Telugu-language dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Telugu]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian poets]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian historians]]
[[Category:Writers from Visakhapatnam]]
[[Category:Dramatists and playwrights from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Indian Marxist writers]]
[[Category:Indian atheists]]

Aarudra - Revision history

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