>TheAafi at 15:21, 7 July 2021

2021-07-07T15:21:20Z

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{{short description|Indian islamic scholar}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}

{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Abul Hasan Ali Hasani Nadwi
|office1= 7th [[List of chancellors and principals of Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama|Chancellor of Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama]]
|termstart1 = 1961
|termend1 = 31 December 1999
|predecessor1 = Hakeem Abdul Ali Hasani
|successor1 = [[Rabey Hasani Nadwi]]
|module2 = {{Infobox religious biography |embed = yes
| name = Abul Hasan Ali Hasani Nadwi
| image =Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi.jpg
| birth_date = 24 November 1914
| birth_place = [[Raebareli]], [[United Provinces of Agra and Oudh|United Provinces]], [[British Raj|British India]]
| death_date = 31 December 1999 (aged 85)
| death_place = [[Raebareli]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]]
| religion = [[Islam]]
| denomination = [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]]
| Maddhab = [[Hanafi]]<ref name=officialBiography>{{cite web|title=Biography|url=http://abulhasanalinadwi.org/books/Biography.pdf}}</ref>
| school_tradition =
| movement = [[Islamic Modernism|Modernism]]<ref>Driessen, Michael D. "Circuits of Faith: Migration, Education, and the Wahhabi Mission." (2018): 164-166. "...other important modernist Islamic thinkers, activists, and movements, including Abul Aʿla Mawdudi and the Jamaat-i Islami in Pakistan, Mohammed Qutb, Yousef Qaradawi and the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt and elsewhere, and Abul Hasan ʿAli Nadwi and the Nadwat al-ʿUlamaʾ..."</ref>
| main_interests = [[History]], [[Islamic revival]]ism
| books =
| alma_mater = [[Darul-uloom Nadwatul Ulama]]<ref name=officialBiography />
| institutions =
| influences = [[Namık Kemal]],<ref name="miftah">Miftah, Mukerrem. "Islamic Civilization between Crisis and Revival A Comparative Appraisal of the Works of Abul Hassan." Islamic Perspective 16 (2016): 113.</ref> [[Muhammad Iqbal]],<ref name="miftah"/> [[Shibli Nomani]]<ref>Khan, Zubair Zafar. ''A Critical Study of Moulana Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi's Islamic Thought.'' Diss. Aligarh Muslim University, 2010. p.159 "...Abul Hasan Nadwi received the education of Islamic Jurisprudence from an eminent teacher Maulana Shibli of Nadwa,"</ref>
| influenced = [[Mohammad Akram Nadwi]]
| awards = [[King Faisal International Prize]]<ref name=KingFaisalAward>{{cite web|title=King Faisal International Prize|url=http://kfip.busyduck.org/sayyid-abul-hasan-ali-al-hasani-al-nadawi/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130811200942/http://kfip.busyduck.org/sayyid-abul-hasan-ali-al-hasani-al-nadawi/|url-status=dead|archive-date=2013-08-11|access-date=9 March 2020}}</ref> (1980)
| website = {{URL|abulhasanalinadwi.org}}
}}}}
'''Abul Hasan Ali Hasani Nadwi''' (24 November 1914 – 31 December 1999) also spelt '''Abul Hasan Ali al Hasani an Nadvi''' affectionately called as '''Ali Miyan''' was an Indian [[Islamic scholar]] and author of over fifty books in various languages.<ref>David Arnold, Stuart H. Blackburn, Telling Lives in India: Biography, Autobiography, and Life History, p 127. {{ISBN|025321727X}}</ref><ref name=oxford/><ref name="Life 2000, p. 16-18">[[Syed Ziaur Rahman]], Maulana Ali Mian – Life, Works and Association with My Family, ''We and You'' (A monthly magazine), Aligarh, April 2000, p. 16-18</ref><ref name=CM>{{Cite web |url=http://www.central-mosque.com/biographies/nadwi.htm |title=Profile of Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi |access-date=9 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090125022719/http://www.central-mosque.com/biographies/nadwi.htm |archive-date=25 January 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref> He was the theorist of a revivalist movement.<ref name="Ludwig 2009">[[Ludwig W. Adamec]] (2009), ''Historical Dictionary of Islam'', p. 234. Scarecrow Press. {{ISBN|0810861615}}.</ref> In particular he believed Islamic civilisation could be revived via a synthesis of western ideas and Islam.<ref name="miftah"/> He served as the seventh chancellor of the [[Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama]].

==Education==

He was born on 24 November 1914.{{Citation needed|date= April 2018}} He received his early education at his hometown Takia, [[Raebareli]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], India. His mother initiated his early training in [[Quranic studies]] then he later entered formal education in [[Arabic]], [[Persian language|Persian]] and [[Urdu]].<ref name=CM/>

His father, Hakim Syed Abdul Hai, wrote an 8-volumes Arabic encyclopedia called ''[http://fr.scribd.com/doc/88904130/Nuzhat-Al-Khawatir Nuzhat al Khawatir]'' (biographical notices of more than 5,000 theologian and jurists of the Sub-continent).<ref>Sayed Khatab, ''The Political Thought of Sayyid Qutb: The Theory of Jahiliyyah'', Routledge (2006), p. 207</ref> His mother was also a pious and learned woman who composed her own poetry that was published by the title of 'Kaleed-i-Bab-i-Rehmat'<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://dailytimes.com.pk/335622/remembering-maulana-sayyid-abul-hasan-ali-nadwi/|title=Remembering Maulana Sayyid Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi|last=Shah|first=Syed Talha|date=2018-12-20|website=Daily Times (newspaper)|language=en-US|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190924110018/https://dailytimes.com.pk/335622/remembering-maulana-sayyid-abul-hasan-ali-nadwi/|archive-date=24 September 2019|access-date=9 March 2020}}</ref> His elder brother, Maulana Dr. Sayyid Abdul Ali Hasani, was also a prominent [[Islamic scholar]] and a Medical Doctor.<ref name=":0" />

Nadwi received most of his advanced education at the Dar al-'Ulum of the Nadwat al-'Ulama in Lucknow.<ref>Roxanne Leslie Euben, Princeton Readings in Islamist Thought: Texts and Contexts from Al-Banna to Bin Laden, p 107. {{ISBN|9780691135885}}</ref> He also received a gold medal from [[Allahabad University]] and also took lessons at the famous, [[Darul Uloom Deoband]].<ref name=":0" />

==Writings==
Abul Hassan Ali Nadwi primarily wrote in [[Arabic]], although also in [[Urdu]], and wrote more than fifty books on [[history]], [[theology]], and biography, and thousands of seminar papers, articles, and recorded speeches.<ref name="Life 2000, p. 16-18"/><ref>"The Great Muslims of the 20th Century India" By Mohsin Atique Khan</ref>

His 1950 book ''Maza Khasiral Alam be Inhitat al-Muslimeen'' (lit. What did the world lose with the decline of Muslims?), translated into [[English language|English]] as ''Islam and the World'', was largely responsible for popularizing the concept of "modern [[Jahiliyya]]"<ref name="OEIW">{{cite encyclopedia|author=Eleanor Abdella Doumato (rev. Byron D. Cannon)|title=Jāhilīyah|encyclopedia=The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World|editor=John L. Esposito|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|year=2009|url=http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195305135.001.0001/acref-9780195305135-e-0406|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name=oxford/> The Islamist author [[Syed Qutb]] commended Nadwi's writings for his use of the word ''jahiliyya'' to describe not a particular age in history (as earlier Muslim scholars did) but a state of moral corruption and materialism.<ref>Roxanne Leslie Euben, Princeton Readings in Islamist Thought: Texts and Contexts from Al-Banna to Bin Laden, p 108. {{ISBN|9780691135885}}</ref>

He wrote 'Qisas al-Nabiyeen' (translated as 'Stories of the Prophets') for his nephew that became famous among the Arabic learners and the book was soon included in the syllabi for teaching Arabic at various institutions around the globe.<ref name=":0" /> Being a fan of Dr. Muhammad Iqbal, Ali Nadwi also undertook the task of introducing Iqbal and his Islamic thoughts to the Arab world. Thus, he wrote 'Rawa'i' Iqbal' which was subsequently rendered in to Urdu as 'Nuqoosh-i-Iqbal'.<ref name=":0" />

He wrote a detailed biography of his father in Urdu entitled 'Hayat-e-Abdul Haiy'. He also wrote a biographical account of his mother in 'Zikr-e-Khayr'. While he also penned his autobiography, 'Karawan-e-Zindagi', in 7 volumes.<ref name=":0" />

An adherent of [[pan-Islamism]], he opposed secular [[Arab nationalism]] and [[pan-Arabism]]. He also had a lifelong association with the [[Tablighi Jamaat]].<ref name=oxford>{{cite web|url=http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e1686 |title=Profile of Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi |website=Oxford Islamic Studies Online website|access-date=9 March 2020}}</ref>

Dr. Shah has summarized some of his salient thoughts in the following words:<blockquote>'Maulana Ali Nadwi sincerely and staunchly believed that the real threat to the modern world, especially the Muslim world, is neither the lack of material development nor the political disturbances, rather it’s the moral and spiritual decline. He firmly believed that Islam alone has the ability to overturn this and thus Muslims must wake up to make an effort in this regard. By staying back, he argued, the Muslims were not only failing themselves rather the entire humanity! He stressed on Muslims, especially those living in a Muslim majority countries (like Pakistan), to develop a society based on Islamic principles that could become a model (for its moral and spiritual values) for the rest of the world. He was a strong critic of nationalism and stressed upon working for the humanity, collectively. He also laid much emphasis on the crucial role women for upholding the teachings of Islam in a society.

Instead of trying to shut their doors for the incoming western influence, he believed that the intellectual Muslims should study the contemporary Western ideologies and form their own ideology in its response, withholding the 'superior moral values of Islam'. He opposed 'Islamic groups' from clashing with the 'secular elite' in Muslim majority countries and instead encouraged for an 'inclusive approach' wherein the 'secular elite' could be gradually and positively called towards Islam, without causing any chaos in the society. Similarly, he also urged Muslims living as a minority to maintain peace and create a valuable position for themselves through hard work and exemplary morals.'<ref name=":0" /></blockquote><br />

==Positions, honours and awards==
* 1962 Founding member/Secretary of the first inaugural session and foundation of [[Muslim World League]] in [[Mecca]].<ref>John L. Esposito, The Oxford Dictionary of Islam, p 226. {{ISBN|0195125592}}</ref><ref name=oxford/>
* 1980 [[King Faisal International Prize|King Faisal Award]]<ref>Roxanne Leslie Euben, Princeton Readings in Islamist Thought: Texts and Contexts from Al-Banna to Bin Laden, p 110. {{ISBN|9780691135885}}</ref><ref name=CM/>
* Founding Chairman of [[Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies]].<ref>{{cite journal |title=Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi |journal=The Muslim World |date=2001 |volume=3 |issue=1–12 |page=36 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/The_Muslim_World/6ZNtAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=islamic+center+of+oxford+abul+hasan+ali&dq=islamic+center+of+oxford+abul+hasan+ali&printsec=frontcover |access-date=22 November 2020 |publisher=[[World Muslim Congress]]}}</ref>
* 1984 President of 'League of Islamic Literature'.<ref>Roxanne Leslie Euben, Princeton Readings in Islamist Thought: Texts and Contexts from Al-Banna to Bin Laden, p 109. {{ISBN|9780691135885}}</ref>
* 1999 'Islamic Personality of Year' award established by [[Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum|Sheikh Mohammed]] of [[United Arab Emirates]].
* 1999 [[Sultan of Brunei]] Award<ref name=CM/><ref name=Rediff/>

After his death, the [[International Islamic University, Islamabad]] (IIUI), Pakistan, arranged a seminar in his honor and published the speeches and articles presented therein as ‘''Maulana Sayyid Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi – Hayat-o-Afkar Kay Chand Pehlu''’<ref name=":0" />

==Access to the Kaaba==
In 1951, during his second pilgrimage ([[Hajj]]) to Makkah the key-bearer of the [[Kaaba]] (Islam's holiest building), opened its door for two days and allowed Abul Hassan Ali Nadwi to take anyone he chose inside.

He was given the key to the [[Kaaba]] to allow him to enter whenever he chose during his pilgrimage.<ref name=Rediff>{{cite web|title=Ali Mian wins award from Sultan of Brunei for Islamic studies|url=http://m.rediff.com/news/1999/jul/19ali.htm|author=Jamil Akhter|website=Rediff on the Net website|date=19 July 1999|access-date=9 March 2020}}</ref>

==Death==
Abul Hasan Ali Hasani Nadwi died on 23 Ramadan, 1420 AH (31 December 1999) in [[Raebareli]], India at the age of 85.<ref>Miriam Cooke, Bruce B. Lawrence, Muslim Networks from Hajj to Hip Hop, p. 90. {{ISBN|0807876313}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [https://abulhasanalinadwi.org/book-category/books-by/abul-hasan-ali-nadwi/english/ English books (103) for download by Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
http://www.seerat.net/AboutUs/Profile.aspx

==External links==
{{Wikiquote}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090125022719/http://www.central-mosque.com/biographies/nadwi.htm Central Mosque Website]
{{Hanafi scholars}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nadwi, Abul Hasan Ali Hasani}}
[[Category:1914 births]]
[[Category:1999 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Raebareli]]
[[Category:Indian Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam]]
[[Category:Hanafis]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian philosophers]]
[[Category:Indian male philosophers]]
[[Category:Urdu-language writers]]
[[Category:Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama]]
[[Category:Contemporary Indian philosophers]]
[[Category:20th-century Muslim scholars of Islam]]
[[Category:Deobandis]]
[[Category:Critics of Ahmadiyya]]
[[Category:Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama alumni]]
[[Category:Indian Islamic religious leaders]]
[[Category:Darul Uloom Deoband alumni]]
[[Category:Chancellors of Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama]]
[[Category:Managers of Nadwatul Ulama]]

Abul Hasan Ali Hasani Nadwi - Revision history

>TheAafi at 15:21, 7 July 2021