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2021-04-22T20:04:14Z

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{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2017}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Achalpur
| settlement_type = Modern city
| image_skyline = Narrow_guage_train_'Shakuntala'_at_Achalpur_Railway_station.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Narrow gauge train named 'Shakuntala' at Achalpur Railway Station
| nickname = City of Dams
| pushpin_map = India Maharashtra
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Maharashtra, India
| coordinates = {{coord|21|15|26|N|77|30|31|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of India|Region]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Maharashtra]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Vidarbha]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Amravati district|Amravati]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 35
| area_rank =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 369
| population_total = 112,293
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_footnotes = <ref>http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_2_PR_Cities_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf</ref>
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rank =
| population_demonym =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 444805 or 444806
| area_code = 07223
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| registration_plate = MH 27
| website = http://achalpurcity.com
| footnotes =
| demographics1_info1 = [[Marathi language|Marathi]]
| official_name =
}}

'''Achalpur,''' formerly known as '''Ellichpur''' and '''Illychpur''', is a city and a [[municipal council]] in [[Amravati District]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Maharashtra]]. It is the second most populous city in [[Amravati District]] after Amravati and seventh most populous city in Vidarbha. Achalpur camp is known as Paratwada.

==History==
Achalpur was the earliest capital of a branch of the [[Rashtrakuta dynasty]], which emerged sometime in the 8th century.<ref>{{Cite book|last=PhD|first=James G. Lochtefeld|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g6FsB3psOTIC&q=achalpur+rashtrakuta&pg=PA565|title=The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Volume 2|date=2001-12-15|publisher=The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc|isbn=978-0-8239-3180-4|language=en}}</ref> It was the site of a battle between the Rashtrakutas and the [[Kalachuris of Tripuri|Kalachuris]] in the 9th century.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Raghunathan|first=N.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LJ2KAAAAMAAJ&q=achalpur+rashtrakuta|title=Memories, Men, and Matters|date=1999|publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Maharashtra (India)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IWtDAAAAYAAJ&q=kalchuri+rashtrakuta+battle+achalapur|title=Maharashtra State Gazetteers|date=1986|publisher=Directorate of Government Print., Stationery and Publications, Maharashtra State|language=en}}</ref>

Achalpur or Ellichpur is first mentioned authentically in the 13th century as one of the famous cities of the [[Deccan Plateau|Deccan]].{{Citation needed|date=September 2020}} Though tributary to the [[Delhi Sultanate]] after 1294, it remained under [[Hindu]] administration till 1318, when it came directly under the Muslim [[Delhi Sultanate]].

In 1347 Achalpur with the Berar region was ruled by the [[Bahmani Sultanate]].

In 1490 [[Fathullah Imad-ul-Mulk]] proclaimed his independence and founded the Imad Shahi dynasty of the [[Berar Sultanate]]. He proceeded to annex [[Mahur, Maharashtra|Mahur]] to his new kingdom and established his capital at Ellichpur. It was afterwards capital of the [[Berar Subah]] at intervals until the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] occupation, when the seat of the provincial governor was moved to [[Balapur, Akola district|Balapur]]. The town retains many relics of the [[Berar Sultanate|Sultans of Berar]].<ref name="Chisholm">{{EB1911|inline=1|wstitle=Ellichpur|volume=9|page=291|}}</ref>

As the Mughal empire deteriorated in the 18th century, Achalpur along with the rest of Berar came under the rule of the [[Nizam]] of [[Hyderabad state|Hyderabad]]. In 1853, [[Berar Province]] came under [[British India|British]] administration, although it remained formally part of the [[Hyderabad state]] until 1903 when the province became the [[Berar Division]] of the [[Central Provinces]]. Achalpur, known by the British as Ellichpur, became part of East Berar, with Amraoti (Amravati) as capital of the division. In 1867 East Berar was split into the districts of [[Amravati District|Amraoti]] and [[Ellichpur district]], with Ellichpur as the headquarters of Ellichpur District. The district had an area of {{convert|2605|sqmi|km2}}.

In 1901 Achalpur had a population of 29,740, with ginning factories and a considerable trade in cotton and forest produce. It was connected by good roads with Amraoti and [[Chikhaldara]]. Berar was annexed to British India in 1903 and merged with the [[Central Provinces]], and in 1905 Ellichpur District was merged into Amraoti District. The civil station of [[Paratwada]], 5 km. from the town of Ellichpur, contained the principal public buildings at the beginning of the 20th century.<ref name="Chisholm"/>

After India's independence in 1947, the Central Provinces became the province, and after 1950 the state, [[Madhya Pradesh]]. The 1956 [[States Reorganisation Act]] redrew the boundaries of India's states along linguistic lines, and the predominantly [[Marathi language|Marathi]]-speaking Amravati District was transferred to [[Bombay State]], which was renamed [[Maharashtra]] in 1960.

==Geography==
Achalpur and [[Paratwada]] are twin cities located in the lap of [[Satpura Range|Satpuda]] .<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/16/Achalpur.html|title=Maps, Weather, and Airports for Achalpur, India|work=fallingrain.com}}</ref> It has an average elevation of 369 metres (1210 ft). These twin cities are surrounded by rivers named Sapan and Bicchhan, the tributaries of [[Chandrabhaga river (Amravati district)|Chandrabhaga river]]. There is hilly area that acts like a fence to this city. This city is at the boundary of [[Maharashtra]] and [[Madhya Pradesh]]. Even Madhya Pradesh is so close to this city that travelling of (about) 12 km changes the state region.

==Demographics==
As of census 2011 Achalpur Tehsil had a population of 6,12,293.
As of 2001 India [[census]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Achalpur & Paratwada had a population of 107,304. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Achalpur has an average literacy rate of 88%, higher than the national average of 59.59%; with 54.41% of the males and 46% of females literate. 12% of the population is under 6 years of age.

==Transportation==
[[Achalpur railway station]] is the northern terminus of the 762 mm [[narrow gauge railway]] known locally as the Shakuntala railway. This line is composed of two legs intersecting with the [[Mumbai]]–[[Kolkata]] [[standard gauge]] railway at [[Murtajapur]] — the 76 km northern leg to Achalpur and the 113 km southeastern leg to [[Yavatmal]]. As of 2004 this line was still owned by a [[London]]-based company which had leased the line to India's [[Central Railway (India)|Central Railway]] since 1903.<ref>[http://www.irfca.org/docs/rinbad-ng.html "Indian Narrow-Gauge Lines 2002–2003"]. Simon Mortimer. Indian Railways Fan Club. 13 February 2004.</ref>

[[Paratwada]] is well connected to major cities by state highways. Maharashtra Major State Highway 6 and Major State Highway 24 passes from [[Paratwada]]. Both public and private transport are popular in [[Paratwada]]. Private companies too run buses to major cities throughout India. Auto rickshaws and cycle rickshaws are allowed to operate in this city. Also The [[Maharashtra State Road Transport Corporation]] (MSRTC) provides transport services to this city for interstate travel.

==See also==
*[[Ellichpur District]]
*[[Paratwada]]

==References==
<references/>

{{Geographic Location
|Centre = Achalpur- Paratwada
|North = [[Bhopal]], [[Madhya Pradesh State]]
|Northeast = [[Betul, Madhya Pradesh|Betul]], [[Jabalpur]], [[Madhya Pradesh State]]
|East = [[Nagpur]], [[Wardha]]
|Southeast = [[Amravati]], [[Yavatmal]]
|South = [[Nanded]], [[Parbhani]]
|Southwest = [[Aurangabad, Maharashtra|Aurangabad]], [[Jalna, Maharashtra|Jalna]]
|West = [[Burhanpur]], [[Jalgaon]]
|Northwest = [[Chikhaldara]], [[Khandwa]], [[Indore]]
}}

{{Berar}}
{{Historical places of Rashtrakuta}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Amravati district]]
[[Category:Talukas in Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Cities in Maharashtra]]

Achalpur - Revision history

2409:4042:80B:D374:0:0:251E:30A4 at 20:04, 22 April 2021