BeckyK8455 at 09:26, 26 March 2026

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{{Short description|Indian scholar (1550–1621)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2024}}
'''Acyuta Piṣāraṭi''' (c. 1550 at [[Thrikkandiyoor|Thrikkandiyur]] (aka Kundapura), [[Tirur]], [[Kerala]], [[India]] – 7 July 1621 in Kerala), also known as '''Achyuta Pisharati''' or '''Achyutha Pisharadi''', was a [[Sanskrit grammar]]ian, [[Jyotiṣa|astrologer]], [[Indian astronomy|astronomer]] and [[Indian mathematics|mathematician]] who studied under [[Jyeṣṭhadeva]] and was a member of [[Madhava of Sangamagrama]]'s [[Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics]].<ref name=Sarma>{{cite book |last1=K. V. Sarma |title=A History of the Kerala School of Hindu Astronomy |date=1972 |publisher=Vishveshvaranand Institute of Sanskrit and Indological Studies, Panjab University, Hoshiarpur|page=64 |url=https://archive.org/details/KeralaSchoolOfAstronomy|access-date=28 January 2023}}</ref>

==Works==
He discovered the techniques of 'the reduction of the [[ecliptic]]'. He authored ''Sphuta-nirnaya'', ''Raasi-gola-sphuta-neeti'' (''raasi'' meaning [[zodiac]], ''gola'' meaning ''sphere'' and ''neeti'' roughly meaning ''rule''), Karanottama (1593) and a four- chapter treatise ''Uparagakriyakrama'' on lunar and solar [[eclipse]]s.<ref name=Sarma/>

# ''Praveśaka'': An introduction to Sanskrit grammar.
# ''Karaṇottama'': Astronomical work dealing with the computation of the mean and true longitudes of the planets, with eclipses, and with the [[vyatipāta]]s of the sun and moon.
# ''Uparāgakriyākrama'' (1593): Treatise on lunar and solar eclipses.
# ''Sphuṭanirṇaya'': Astronomical text.
# ''Chāyāṣṭaka'': Astronomical text.
# ''Uparāgaviṃśati'': Manual on the computation of eclipses.
# ''Rāśigolasphuṭānīti'': Work concerned with the reduction of the moon's true longitude in its own orbit to the ecliptic.
# ''Veṇvārohavyākhyā'': Malayalam commentary on the ''Veṇvāroha'' of [[Mādhava of Saṅgamagrāma]] (ca. 1340–1425) written at the request of the [[Azhvanchery Thamprakkal|Azhvanchery Thambrakkal]].
# Horāsāroccaya: An adaptation of the ''Jātakapaddhati'' of [[Śrīpati]].

==Narayaneeyam==
Pisharati is known to have scolded and provoked an errant [[Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri|Narayana]] to take up the Brahmin's duties of prayer and religious practices. He accepted Narayana as his student. Later when Pisharati was struck with paralysis (or rheumatism by another account), Narayana, unable to bear the pain of his dear guru, by way of [[Gurudakshina]] took the disease upon himself. As a result, Pisharati is said to have been cured, but no medicine could cure Narayana. As a last resort, Narayana went to Guruvayur and requested [[Thunchaththu Ramanujan Ezhuthachan]], a great devotee of [[Guruvayoorappan]], to suggest a remedy for his disease. Ramajunan Ezhuthachan advised him to compose a poetical work on the Avatars (incarnations) of Lord Vishnu beginning with that of Matsya (Fish). Narayana composed beautiful slokas in praise of Lord Guruvayurappan and recited them before the deity. He was soon cured of his disease.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Eck |first=Diana L. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rNlJOSf__xYC&pg=PA388 |title=India: A Sacred Geography |date=2012-03-27 |publisher=Harmony/Rodale |isbn=978-0-385-53191-7 |pages=388 |language=en}}</ref>

The book of ''slokas'' written by Narayana were named [[Narayaneeyam]]. The day on which Narayana dedicated his Narayaneeyam to Sri Guruvayurappan is celebrated as "Narayaneeyam Dinam" every year at [[Guruvayur]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Narayaneeyam Day: Its history and significance |url=https://indicsense.medium.com/narayaneeyam-day-its-history-and-significance-577ebf58b82c |website=indicsense.medium.com |publisher=Medium |access-date=4 September 2024}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri]]
*[[Narayaneeyam]]
*[[Indian mathematics]]
*[[List of astronomers and mathematicians of the Kerala school]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==Additional reading==

* [[David Pingree]]. "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-2830900038.html Acyuta Piṣāraṭi]". ''[[Dictionary of Scientific Biography]]''.
* S. Venkitasubramonia Iyer. "Acyuta Piṣāroṭi; His Date and Works" in ''JOR Madras''', 22 (1952–1953), 40–46.
* [[K. V. Sarma]] (2008), "Acyuta Pisarati", [[Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures]] (2nd edition) edited by [[Helaine Selin]], p. 19, Springer, {{ISBN|978-1-4020-4559-2}}.
* K. Kunjunni Raja. ''The Contribution of Kerala to Sanskrit Literature'' (Madras, 1958), pp. 122–125.
* "Astronomy and Mathematics in Kerala" in ''Brahmavidyā'', 27 (1963), 158–162.

{{Kerala School}}
{{Indian mathematics}}
{{Scientific Research in Kerala |state=collapsed}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pisarati, Acyuta}}
[[Category:1550s births]]
[[Category:1621 deaths]]
[[Category:Scientists of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics]]
[[Category:16th-century Indian astronomers]]
[[Category:17th-century Indian astronomers]]
[[Category:16th-century Indian mathematicians]]
[[Category:17th-century Indian mathematicians]]
[[Category:People from Malappuram district]]
[[Category:16th-century Indian linguists]]
[[Category:Writers from Kerala]]
[[Category:Sanskrit writers]]
[[Category:17th-century Indian linguists]]
[[Category:People from Guruvayur]]

Acyuta Piṣāraṭi - Revision history

BeckyK8455 at 09:26, 26 March 2026