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{{Short description|First man and Prophet in Islam}}
{{pp-semi-indef|small=yes}}
{{Infobox religious biography
| religion = [[Islam]]
| name = [[Adam|Ādam]]
| honorific prefix = [[Prophets and messengers in Islam|Prophet]]
| honorific suffix = [[Islamic honorifics|Alayhi as-Salam]]
| office1 = [[Prophets and messengers in Islam|Prophet of Islam]]
| predecessor1 = ''Position established''
| successor1 = [[Seth#Islam|Sheth]]
| native name = آدم
| native name lang = ar
| image = [[File:Adam and Hawwa being expelled from Paradise.jpg|250px]]
| caption = Adam and Hawwa being nakedly expelled from the Garden.
| spouse = [[Eve in Islam|Ḥawwāʾ]]
| children = [[Cain and Abel in Islam|Qābīl and Hābīl]], [[Seth#Islam|Sheth]], [[ʿAnāq (daughter of Adam)|ʿAnāq]]
| known_for = *First human being
*First settler on Earth
*Father of humanity
*First [[Muslim]]
*[[Khalifa]]
}}
{{Islamic prophets|Prophets in the Quran}}
'''Adam''' ({{langx|ar|آدم|ʾĀdam}}), in [[Islamic theology]], is believed to have been the [[List of protoplasts|first]] [[human being]] on Earth and the first [[Prophets and messengers in Islam|prophet]] ({{langx|ar|نبي}}, ''nabī'') of [[Islam]]. Adam's role as the father of the human race is looked upon by Muslims with reverence. Muslims also refer to his wife, ''Ḥawwāʾ'' ({{langx|ar|حَوَّاء}}, [[Eve in Islam|Eve]]), as the "mother of mankind".<ref>''Historical Dictionary of Prophets in Islam and Judaism'', Wheeler, ''Adam and Eve''</ref> Muslims see Adam as the first [[Muslim]], as the [[Quran]] states that all the Prophets preached the same faith of Islam ({{langx|ar|إسلام|lit=submission to God}}).<ref>''Concise Encyclopedia of Islam'', C. Glasse,
Aadam = Adam = Man = Mankind = Early humans. His wife = Woman = Allegorically, early women. Udma = Ability to live together as a community. Aadam from Udma thus, indicates humankind. The word 'Eve' or 'Hawwa' is not mentioned in the Quran. She is described with dignity as Mer’a-til-Aadam = Wife of Adam = Mrs. Adam.</ref>

According to Islamic belief, Adam was created from the material of the earth and brought to life by God. God placed Adam in a paradisical Garden. After Adam sinned by eating from the forbidden tree (Tree of Immortality) after God forbade him from doing so, paradise was declined to him and he was sent down to live on Earth.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Story of Prophet Adam (as) |url=https://myislam.org/prophet-adam/ |access-date=2024-07-10 |website=My Islam |language=en-US}}</ref> The ''[[Qiṣaṣ al-Anbiyāʾ]]'' ({{Langx|ar|قصص الأنبياء|lit=Tales of the Prophets}}) adds that Adam and ''Ḥawwāʾ'', when cast out of paradise, were cast down far apart and eventually met each other at [[Mount Arafat]].<ref name=wheeler /> Mankind would have learned planting, harvesting, baking, repenting from Adam.<ref name="wheeler" />

The Quranic story of Adam is seen as both literal as well as an [[allegory]] for human relationship towards God. Islam does not necessarily adhere to [[young Earth creationism]], and most Muslims believe that life on Earth predates Adam. Adam does not feature as a prophet or a male human being only, but also encapsulates the idea of an ideal human archetype.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Shari'a: History, Ethics and Law |year=2018 |location=London |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |page=91 |isbn=978-1-78831-316-2 }}</ref>

== Quranic narrative ==
{{See also|Biblical narratives in the Quran}}[[File:British Library, Oriental 11837, fol 9v All angels prostrate before Adam, except Iblis.jpg|thumb|All angels prostrate before Adam, except Iblis (top-right corner).]]
The [[Quran]] describes Adam in two different scenarios.<ref>Eichler, Paul Arno. "Die Dschinn, Teufel und Engel im Koran." (1928).</ref> In the first, Adam is created in heaven and the angels are commanded to prostrate themselves before him by [[God in Islam|God]]. In the second scenario, Adam dwells in a [[Garden of Eden|paradisical Garden]] with his wife identified as ''[[Eve|Ḥawwāʾ]]'' in Islamic tradition.<ref name=wheeler>{{cite book|last=Wheeler|first=Brannon M.|title=Introduction to the Quran: stories of the prophets|year=2001|publisher=Continuum|location=New York|isbn=0-8264-4957-3}}</ref> The Quran usually mentions God creating Adam from "earth" or "clay" ({{Transliteration|ar|ṭīn}},{{sfn|Reynolds|2018|pp=220, 352}} although one verse suggests "dust" or "dirt" ({{Transliteration|ar|turāb}})){{sfn|Reynolds|2018|pp=125, 220}}<ref>[[Q3:59]] {{cite Quran|3|59}}</ref> and breathing His own spirit into him,{{sfn|Reynolds|2018|p=407}} then depicts the angels as doubting the creation of Adam;{{sfn|Reynolds|2018|p=35}}{{cite Quran|2|30}}

<blockquote>When your Lord said to the angels, "I am indeed going to set a viceroy on the earth," they said, "Will You set in it someone who will cause corruption in it and shed blood, while we celebrate Your praise and proclaim Your sanctity?" He said, "Indeed, I know what you do not know."
</blockquote>

The Quranic narrative continues that God "taught Adam the Names, all of them," and that Adam presented the names to the angels,{{sfn|Reynolds|2018|p=36}}{{cite Quran|2|31}} God then commands the angels to bow down to Adam, but [[Iblis]] refuses, saying that he is better than Adam because he was created from fire and Adam from clay.{{sfn|Reynolds|2018|p=251}}

The creation of Eve is not specified in the Quran, but several verses imply the traditional Genesis account by stating "created you [humanity] from a single soul, and created its mate from it".{{sfn|Reynolds|2018|p=152}}{{cite Quran|4|1}} In the Quran, God then tells Adam and his unnamed wife to live in paradise but not to approach a certain tree, which Satan calls the "tree of immortality".{{sfn|Reynolds|2018|p=502}} In the story of the Garden, God tells Adam and ''Ḥawwāʾ'' that they are not allowed to consume the fruit of the "tree of immortality" (which Islamic tradition identifies with [[wheat]]).<ref>Moreen, Vera B. "The Legend of Adam in the Judeo-Persian Epic" Bereshit [Nāmah]"(14th Century)." Proceedings of the American Academy for Jewish Research. American Academy of Jewish Research, 1990.</ref> By promising immortality and "a kingdom that never decays", the [[Iblis]] (later equated with the {{Langx|ar|شَيْطَان|translit=šayṭān}}) convinced them to taste it nonetheless:<ref>Baeq, Daniel Shinjong. "Intertextuality of Adamic Narratives in the Qur’ān and the Bible." Prophets in the Qur'ān and the Bible (2022): 39.</ref> "He said, "Your Lord has forbidden this tree to you only to prevent you from becoming angels or immortals."" (7:21) Whereupon Adam and his wife are sent to earth, condemned to "live and die", but God is willing to forgive them.<ref>Stieglecker, H. (1962). Die Glaubenslehren des Islam. Deutschland: F. Schöningh.</ref>

== Theological and mystical interpretations ==
Since God has forgiven Adam's transgression, humans are not viewed as inherently sinful or in need of redemption. Instead, Adam (or humanity) is viewed as being created from a relationship to God through learning and development.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Khodayarifard |first1=Mohammad |first2=Bagher |last2=Ghobari-Bonab |first3=Saeed |last3=Akbari-Zardkhaneh |first4=Saeid |last4=Zandi |display-authors=1 |title=Positive psychology from Islamic perspective |journal=International Journal of Behavioral Sciences |volume=10 |issue=1 |year=2016 |pages=29–34 |doi= |url=https://www.behavsci.ir/article_67938.html }}</ref> The story of Adam's creation evokes the idea of Adam as the "[[Adam Kadmon|Primordial Man]]" to whom the angels need to prostrate themselves as a sign of respect. In a comment on [[Tafsir al-Baydawi]], [[Gibril Haddad]] explains "he is also an archetype for the Attributes of Allah Most High such as His life, knowledge and power, although an incomplete one." All angels bowed down, except [[Iblis]] ({{Langx|ar|إِبْلِيسْ|translit=Iblīs}}), and he is cast down from heaven and becomes the enemy of Adam and his offspring.<ref>Baeq, Daniel Shinjong. "Intertextuality of Adamic Narratives in the Qur’ān and the Bible." Prophets in the Qur'ān and the Bible (2022): 40.</ref>

[[Shihab al-Din 'Umar al-Suhrawardi|Suhrawardi]] ({{Circa|1145}} – 1234) discusses the nature of human's soul as a mixture between ''Adam'' and ''Hawwa''; ''Adam'' referring to the heavenly attributes and ''Hawwa'' to earthly animalistic passion. Through a mixture of both, the [[nafs|human soul]] ({{Langx|ar|نَفْس|lit=self|translit=nafs}}) is fashioned and becomes a personal animal soul. He based his anthropology on Quranic verses such as "He who has created you [all] out of one living entity, and out of it brought into being its mate, so that man might incline [with love] towards the woman" ([[Al-A'raf|7:189]]).

According to ''[[Tafsir al-Baydawi]]'' (d.1319), Adam might stand for an original pattern for all of the spiritual and the corporeal existence or serving as a way for angels to obtain their allotted perfections by submitting to God's command to prostrate before him.<ref name="Baydawi-2016">{{cite book |translator-first=Gibril Fouad |translator-last=Haddad |author=ʿAbd Allah ibn ʿUmar al-Baydawi |date=2016 |title=The Lights Of Revelation And The Secrets Of Interpretation |publisher=Beacon Books and Media Limited |isbn=978-0-992-63357-8 }}</ref>{{rp|p=508}} [[Ibn Arabi]] explains that only Adam can comprehend all the names of God, thereby referring to the perfected heavenly Adam as a reflection of God's names.<ref>{{cite book |last=Dobie |first=R. J. |year=2010 |title=Logos and Revelation: Ibn 'Arabi, Meister Eckhart, and Mystical Hermeneutics |location= |publisher=Catholic University of America Press |isbn=978-0-8132-1677-5 }}</ref> When Iblis failed to submit to God's command, he attributed injustice to the [[Haqq|reality]] ({{Langx|ar|ٱلْحَقُّ|translit=al-haqq}}).<ref name="Sharpe">{{cite thesis |last=Sharpe |first=Elizabeth Marie |title=Into the realm of smokeless fire: (Qur'an 55:14): A critical translation of al-Damiri's article on the jinn from "[[Hayat al-Hayawan al-Kubra]]" |publisher=University of Arizona |year=1992 |type=Master's thesis |hdl=10150/291386 }}</ref>

=== Adam versus angels ===
[[File:Paris BnF Supplément Persan 1559 fol 10v All angels except Iblis bow to Adam uncropped.jpg|left|thumb|Islamic illustration of all angels except Iblis bowing to Adam from a 1575 Shiraz manuscript]]
The story of angels prostrating before Adam gave rise to various debates about whether humans or angels rank higher. Angels bowing down before Adam is mentioned as evidence for human superiority over the angels. Others hold that the prostration does not imply such a thing, but was merely a command or test for the angels.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Chipman |first=Leigh |title=Adam and the Angels: An examination of mythic elements in Islamic sources |journal=Arabica |volume=49 |issue=4 |year=2002 |pages=429–455 |doi=10.1163/15700580260375407 }}</ref> A position, especially found among [[Mu'tazilites]] and some [[Asharites]], holds that angels are superior due to their lack of urges and desires.<ref name="houtsma 191">{{cite book |first1=M. Th. |last1=Houtsma |title=E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913–1936 |volume=5 |publisher=Brill |date=1993 |isbn=978-9-004-09791-9 |page=191}}</ref> [[Maturidism]] generally does not regard any of these creatures is superior to the other, and that angels' and prophets' obedience derive from their virtues and insights to God's action, but not as their original purity.<ref name="ISBN_9789004100237_p54-56">{{cite book |first=Ulrich |last=Rudolph |title=Al-Māturīdī und Die Sunnitische Theologie in Samarkand |language=de |publisher=Brill |year=1997 |isbn=90-04-10023-7 |pages=54–56 }}</ref>

In the Quranic version of Adam's fall, Satan tempted them with the promise to become immortal angels. [[Al-Qushayri]] comments on 7:20, that Adam's fall is for his wish to be like an angel, while angels' fall is because when they desired to be like human. Adam desired an angelic state of no passion and avoiding the fate of death, while [[Harut and Marut]] desired the freedom of choice and to rejoice in extravagance.<ref>{{cite thesis |last=Gallorini |first=Louise |title=The Symbolic Function of Angels in the Qurʾān and Sufi Literature |year=2021 |type=PhD thesis |publisher=American University of Beirut |hdl=10938/22446 }}</ref>

=== {{Lang|ar-latn|‘Iṣmah}} ===
Muslim scholars can be divided into two groups regarding Adam's infallibility ({{Langx|ar|عِصْمَة|translit='Ismah}}): One argues that Adam only became a prophet after he was cast out of paradise. They adhere to the doctrine that {{Lang|ar-latn|‘iṣmah}} only applies to prophets after they were sent to a mission. But since there was no population to whom Adam could have been sent, he could not have been a prophet and therefore ''{{Lang|ar-latn|‘iṣmah}}'' did not apply until he left paradise.<ref name=dogma>{{rp|p=194}} Stieglecker, H. (1962). Die Glaubenslehren des Islam. Deutschland: F. Schöningh. p. 194 (German)</ref> These arguments are, however, rejected by those who argue that prophethood does not start with preaching God's word and instead begins at birth itself. According to the second point of view, Adam was predestined by God to eat from the forbidden tree because God planned to set Adam and his progeny on earth from the beginning and thus installed Adam's fall.<ref name=dogma />{{rp|p=194}} In that regard, Adam would not have truly disobeyed, but acted in accordance with God's will to his best ability. For that reason, many Muslim exegetes do not regard [[Fall of man|Adam and Eve's expulsion from paradise]] as punishment for disobedience or a result from abused free will on their part,<ref name="Lange-2016">{{cite book |last= Lange|first= Christian|author-link= |date= 2016|title= Paradise and Hell in Islamic Traditions|url= |location= Cambridge United Kingdom|publisher= Cambridge University Press|page= |isbn=978-0-521-50637-3}}</ref>{{rp|p=171}} but as part of [[Hikmah|God's wisdom]] ({{Langx|ar|حكمة|translit=hikmah}}) and plan for humanity to experience the full range of his attributes, his love, forgiveness, and power to his creation.<ref name="Lange-2016"/> By their former abode in paradise, they can hope for return during their life-time.

Some Muslim scholars view Adam as an image for his descendants: humans sin, become aware of it, repent ({{Langx|ar|توبة|translit=tawbah}}), and find their way back to God. Adam embodies humanity and his fall shows humans how to act when they sin.<ref name=dogma />{{rp|p=194}} Unlike Iblis (Satan), Adam asked for forgiveness for his transgression.<ref>Latif, Amer. Quranic narrative and Sufi hermeneutics: Rūmī's interpretations of Pharaoh's character. State University of New York at Stony Brook, 2009.</ref>

==Genealogy of Adam==
[[File:Muhammad 3.jpg|thumb|Adam and Eve with their thirteen twin children, miniature from ''Zubdat al-Tawarikh''. As the text indicates, all of Adam's children were twins and each son had to marry the twin sister of a brother. Abel was asked by his father to wed Cain's twin sister, who happened to be the most beautiful, and thus Cain wanted to keep her. This is how the dispute started between the two brothers. Islamic artists, when illustrating the story of Adam and Eve, usually showed the couple in paradise but never placed them with their children, nor represented this version of the dispute between Cain and Abel.]]
[[Al-Tabari|Ibn Jarir at-Tabari]] reported that Hawwa’ bore Adam 120 sets of twins. The first of them were Qabil and his twin sister Qalima, and the last of them was ‘Abd al-Mughith and his twin sister Amat al-Mughith. [[Ibn Ishaq]] meanwhile was quoted as saying Hawwa’ bore Adam a total of 40 children, male and female, in sets of twins from 20 pregnancies. And he said: The names of some of them have come down to us, and the names of others have not."<ref>{{Cite book |last=al-Tabari |first=Muhammad |title=[[History of the Prophets and Kings|Tarikh at-Tabari]]: Tarikh al-Umam wa'l-Muluk |pages=1/98}}</ref>

Islamic scholar [[Sayyid Mumtaz Ali]], while commenting on whether Adam or Eve was made first, says that "the fact that Adam was created first is nothing but childish. To begin with, we are tempted to assert that this is so because it was not acceptable to God that a woman is left without a companion for even a second. Therefore, it is for her sake that he created Adam first. But as a matter of fact, the belief that Adam was created first and then came Eve is part of the Christian and Jewish faith. This is not at all part of the Islamic creed. There is no mention in the Quran about who was created first, Adam or Eve."<ref>{{cite book |last1=Deobandi |first1=Sayyid Mumtaz Ali |author-link1=Sayyid Mumtaz Ali |title=Huquq-e-Niswan |publisher=Rifah-e-Aam Press |location=[[Lahore]] |pages=21–22 |edition=1898 |url=https://archive.org/details/HuqooqENiswan |access-date=22 August 2020 |language=ur |quote=Adapted from [[Javed Anand]]'s translation to the piece| chapter-url=https://www.sabrang.com/cc/archive/2009/oct09/cover1.html| chapter=The Supremacy Myth |year=1898 }}</ref>

== Creation myth comparison of Adam ==
[[Hadith|''Hadīths'']], incorporated in both ''[[tafsīr]]'' and [[Qisas al-Anbiya|''qaṣaṣ ul-anbiyāʾ'']], offer detailed descriptions about the creation of Adam. Although they vary in detail, the following components are essential:<ref name="Chipman 2001">Chipman, Leigh NB. "Mythic Aspects of the Process of Adam's Creation in Judaism and Islam." Studia Islamica (2001): 5-25.</ref>
# God orders the angels to collect dust from the earth to create Adam.
# Dust is taken from various places, influencing Adam's descendants.
# Mythological meaning behind the name of the first human
# Adam lies immobile for forty years and Adam hastily tries to rise up unable to do so.
# Adam sneezes and says ''al-hamdu li-allah'' ({{Langx|ar|ٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّٰهِ|lit=All praise is for Allah}})
Some of these components appear in both [[Judeo-Islamic|Jewish and Islamic traditions alike]]. The idea that God orders angels to collect dust from earth is, however, unique to Islam. It is only later adapted in the ''[[Chronicles of Jerahmeel]]''.<ref name="Chipman 2001"/> Islam usually has [[Azrael]] being successful, taking the earth despite earth's pleads not to do so. For his merciless withstanding, he earns his position as the angel of death. This further shows that life and death are intertwined.<ref name="Chipman 2001"/> Only in one brief reference by al-Tabari, it is Iblis, not Azrael who collects dust from earth, leading to his claim to be superior.<ref name="Chipman 2001"/>

Both Jewish and Muslim sources agree that dust for the creation of Adam's body was taken from the entire world, and often a specific sacred place. However, they differ in regards the identity of the sacred places and the meaning of the gathering of dust from the world.<ref name="Chipman 2001"/> While Jewish tradition identifies sacred places from Israel or the altar of the Temple, Muslim sources identify the place with Mecca or the [[Ka'aba]].<ref name="Chipman 2001"/> According to the Muslim interpretation, dust collected from all around the earth explains the differences among humankind, such as skin-color, but insist that humanity as a whole is united and stems from the ancestry of Adam.<ref name="Chipman 2001"/>

== Modern debates and discussions ==
[[File:Spencer Coll. Persian MS. 46 fol 9v Adam and Hawwa enthroned.jpg|left|thumb|Drawing on the theological significance of Adam's relation to God he and his consort are at times depicted as rulers of the Garden in Islamic art]]
It is evident from the Quran that Adam was the father of contemporary humanity.<ref name=dogma />{{rp|p=21}} The conflict between the literal reading of the story and positive scientific branches such as [[human evolution]] and [[paleoanthropology]] caused great turmoil and debate in the Islamic world,{{Citation needed|date=September 2025}} and ways of escaping from the visible and rigid understanding were sought.{{refn|group=note|Some [[hadith]]s mentions Adam's resemblance, the height and the plan with which he created; "Allah the exalted and Glorius, created Adam in his image with his {{sic|?|lenght}} of sixty cubits (30-35 m) tall."<ref>https://sunnah.com/search?q=allah+created+adam+in+his+image</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1=Kizil | first1=Fatma | title=The Height of Prophet Adam: At the Crossroads of Science & Scrpiture | journal=İslâm Araştırmaları Dergisi | date=2023 | pages=1–7 | doi=10.26570/isad.1325141 | url=https://doi.org/10.26570/isad.1325141 | doi-access=free }}</ref>}}

According to some views, God created an Adam thirty times, every 1000 years. After the downfall of each humanity, God left the world uninhabited for 50,000 years, then 50,000 inhabited, and then a new Adam was created.<ref name=dogma />{{rp|p=195}} Unlike many Shiite scholars<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kocsenda |first=Karim Gabor |date=2022-06-02 |title=SHĪʿĪ READINGS OF HUMAN EVOLUTION: ṬABĀṬABĀʾĪ TO ḤAYDARĪ |url=https://www.zygonjournal.org/article/id/14830/ |journal=Zygon: Journal of Religion and Science |language=en |volume=57 |issue=2 |page=420 |doi=10.1111/zygo.12781 |issn=1467-9744}}</ref> the majority of Sunni scholars, however, reject this opinion, but they agree that the [[jinn]] and animals have lived on earth before. According to the ''[[Majallat Al Azhar]]'', nowhere within Islamic texts is it prescribed how long humans existed and every Muslim is free to think that is right, and that the notion of a young earth derives from biblical reports ({{Lang|ar-latn|Israʼiliyyat}}).<ref name=dogma />{{rp|p=196}} [[Süleyman Ateş]] used Quranic verses to disprove creationist interpretations of the Adam narrative.<ref>Kaya, Veysel. "Can the Quran support Darwin? an evolutionist approach by two Turkish scholars after the foundation of the Turkish Republic." The Muslim World 102.2 (2012): 357-370.</ref>

In the [[Persianate world]] and Shiite circles more broadly debates around evolution and [[young earth creationism]] began in the 1880s and have since then led to a variety of scholarly positions on the question of life before Adam and evolution. Notable scholarly support for strict creationism comes from scholars such as [[Muhammad Husayn Tabataba'i]] and [[Hossein Nasr]], while support for a rejection of young earth creationism and support for scientific evolution comes from scholars such as [[Yadollah Sahabi]]. There exists a broad spectrum of Shiite positions in between these two extremes from support for [[Lamarckism]] to human exceptionalism—seeing non-human life as evolved but human life as created—and Adamic exceptionalism seeing all life except Adam as evolved. Scholars championing these different positions commonly stress that none of these readings are implied by the Quran or that divergence from them is necessarily heretical.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kocsenda |first=Karim Gabor |date=2022-06-02 |title=SHĪʿĪ READINGS OF HUMAN EVOLUTION: ṬABĀṬABĀʾĪ TO ḤAYDARĪ |url=https://www.zygonjournal.org/article/id/14830/ |journal=Zygon: Journal of Religion and Science |language=en|volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=419-421, 425-426, 437 |doi=10.1111/zygo.12781 |issn=1467-9744}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Adam Kadmon]]
* [[Adam's Peak]]
* [[Legends and the Quran]]
* [[Muhammad in Islam]]
* [[Prophets of Islam]]
* ''[[Stories of The Prophets]]''

==Footnotes==
{{reflist|group=note}}

==Bibliography==

===Quran references===
*Creation of Adam, the command to the angels to prostrate while Iblis' refusal being a jinn, Adam’s fall after Satan’s temptation, his repentance and guidance from God, honour and dignity granted to humanity and divine commandments: [https://quran.com/al-baqarah/30-39 2:30-39], [https://quran.com/al-araf/11-35 7:11-35], [https://quran.com/al-isra/61-70 17:61-70], [https://quran.com/al-kahf/50-51 18:50-51], [https://quran.com/taha/115-126 20:115-126], [https://quran.com/ya-sin/60-61 36:60-61]
*God chose Adam, Noah, the family of Abraham, and the family of Imran above others of their time and Adam being among the prophets favoured and guided by God: [https://quran.com/ali-imran/33 3:33], [https://quran.com/maryam/58 19:58]
*Comparison between the creation of Jesus to that of Adam: [https://quran.com/ali-imran/59 3:59]
*Adam's son Cain killing his brother Abel: [https://quran.com/al-maidah/27-31 5:27–31]
*Humanity's primordial covenant acknowledging God as their Lord: [https://quran.com/al-araf/172-173 7:172–173]
*Humanity created from a single soul and its mate: [https://quran.com/al-araf/189 7:189]

===Others===
* {{cite book|last=Reynolds|first=Gabriel Said|year=2018|title=The Qurʾān and the Bible: Text and Commentary | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VFNPtAEACAAJ | publisher=Yale University Press | isbn = 978-0-300-18132-6 | access-date=August 19, 2020}}

==Notes==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==External links==
*[http://www.omeriqbal.com/a/54 Islamic Concept of Adam's Creation] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120618145328/http://www.omeriqbal.com/a/54 |date=2012-06-18 }}

{{Prophets in the Qur'an}}
{{Qur'anic people}}
{{Adam and Eve}}
{{Adam to Muhammad}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Adam and Eve]]
[[Category:Prophets of the Quran]]
[[Category:Hebrew Bible prophets of the Quran]]

Adam in Islam - Revision history

LizetteGoble at 07:04, 13 March 2026