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{{short description|Bharatpedia bibliography}}
{{Hindu philosophy}}
{{EngvarB|date=April 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2015}}

'''[[Adi Shankara]]''', a [[Hindu philosophy|Hindu philosopher]] of the [[Advaita Vedanta]] school, composed a large body of literary works<ref>{{cite web| url = http://sankaracharya.org/| title = Works of Adi Shankara| accessdate =June 26, 2006| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20060618033038/http://www.sankaracharya.org/| archivedate= 18 June 2006 | url-status= live}}</ref> which are central to the Advaita Vedanta interpretation of the [[Prasthanatrayi]]—the canonical texts consisting of the [[Upanishad]]s, the [[Bhagavad Gita]] and the [[Brahma Sutras]]. His works deal with logically establishing the doctrine of [[Advaita Vedanta]].

==Overview==

===Methodology===
Shankara formulates the doctrine of Advaita Vedanta by validating his arguments on the basis of quotations from the [[Vedas]] and other [[Hindu scriptures]].

A large portion of his works is [[polemic]]al in nature. He directs his polemics mostly against the [[Sankhya]], [[Buddhist philosophy|Bauddha]], [[Jainism|Jaina]], [[Vaisheshika]] and other non-vedantic [[Hindu philosophy|Hindu philosophies]].

===Authorship===
Many works thought to be of his authorship are debated and questioned as to their authorship today,{{citation needed|date=January 2013}} including some of his best-known and important works, the {{IAST|[[Viveka Chudamani|Vivekacūḍāmaṇi]]}}{{sfn|Shah-Kazemi|2006|p=4}}{{sfn|Singh|Barauh|2004|p=1315}} Maniratnamala, Para-puja and the {{IAST|[[Mandukya Upanishad|Māṇḍūkya Upaniṣad]]}} {{IAST|Bhāṣya}}.{{sfn|Nakamura|2004|p=262-265}} Other scholars {{sfn|Isaeva|1993|p=94}} say that Shankaracharya's authorship of the commentaries on the Brahman Sutra, the ten principal Upanishads as well as the Bhagavad Gita are beyond doubt.

==Classification==
Traditionally, his works are classified under
* {{IAST|[[Bhāṣya]]}}, ''commentary''
* {{IAST|Prakaraṇa grantha}}, ''philosophical treatise''
* [[Stotra]], ''devotional hymn''

The commentaries serve to provide a consistent interpretation of the scriptural texts from the perspective of Advaita Vedanta. The philosophical treatises provide various [[methodology|methodologies]] to the student to understand the doctrine. The devotional hymns are rich in poetry and piety, serving to highlight the helplessness of the [[bhakti|devotee]] and the glory of the [[deva (Hinduism)|deity]]. A partial list of his works is given below.

==={{IAST|Bhāṣya}}===
Adi Shankara wrote {{IAST|Bhāṣya}} (''commentaries'') on
*{{IAST|[[Brahma Sutra|Brahmasūtra]]}}
*{{IAST|[[Aitareya Upanishad|Aitareya Upaniṣad]]}} ([[Rigveda]])
*{{IAST|[[Brihadaranyaka Upanishad|Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad]]}} ([[Yajurveda|Śukla Yajurveda]])
*{{IAST|[[Isha Upanishad|Īśa Upaniṣad]] ([[Yajurveda|Śukla Yajurveda]]) }}
*{{IAST|[[Taittiriya Upanishad|Taittirīya Upaniṣad]] ([[Yajurveda|Kṛṣṇa Yajurveda]]) }}
*{{IAST|[[Shvetashvatara Upanishad|Śvetāśvatara Upaniṣad]] ([[Yajurveda|Kṛṣṇa Yajurveda]])}}{{refn|group=note|The authenticity of the Bhashya on "Shvetashvatara Upanishad" ascribed to Shankara, is doubtful and often considered unauthentic.{{sfn|Pande|2011|pp=105–113}}}}
*{{IAST|[[Katha Upanishad|Kaṭha Upaniṣad]] ([[Yajurveda|Kṛṣṇa Yajurveda]]) }}
*{{IAST|[[Kena Upanishad|Kena Upaniṣad]]}} ([[samaveda]])
*{{IAST|[[Chandogya Upanishad|Chāndogya Upaniṣad]]}} ([[samaveda]])
*{{IAST|[[Mandukya Upanishad|Māṇḍūkya Upaniṣad]]{{refn|group=note|The authorshop of Shankara of this ''Bhasya'' is disputed.{{sfn|Nakamura|2004|p=262-265}} Nakamura concludes that Shankara was not the author, for several reasons.{{sfn|Nakamura|2004|p=263}} Shankara understood Buddhist thought, while the author of the commentary shows misunderstandings of Buddhist thought.{{sfn|Nakamura|2004|p=263}} The commentary uses the terms ''vijnapti'' and ''vjnaptimatra'', which is "a uniquely Buddhist usage",{{sfn|Nakamura|2004|p=263-264}} and does not appear in Shankara's commentary on the Brahma-sutras.{{sfn|Nakamura|2004|p=264}} The two commentaries also quote different Upanishads.{{sfn|Nakamura|2004|p=265}} Nevertheless, Nakamura also concludes: "Although the commentary to the ''Madukya'' is not actually by sankara, it may be assumed that there is nothing drastically wrong in using it as a source when discussing early Vedanta philosophy".{{sfn|Nakamura|2004|p=263}}}} ([[Atharvaveda]]) and Gauḍapāda Kārika}}
*{{IAST|[[Mundaka Upanishad|Muṇḍaka Upaniṣad]]}} ([[Atharvaveda]])
*{{IAST|[[Prashna Upanishad|Praśna Upaniṣad]]}} ([[Atharvaveda]])
*{{IAST|[[Bhagavad Gita|Bhagavadgīta]]}} ([[Mahabharata|Mahabhārata]])
*{{IAST|[[Vishnu Sahasranama]]}} ([[Mahabharata|Mahabhārata]])
*{{IAST|[[Sanatsujatiya|Sānatsujātiya]]}} ([[Mahabharata|Mahabhārata]])
*{{IAST|[[Gayatri|Gāyatri Mantraṃ]]}}

==={{IAST|Prakaraṇa grantha}}===
Adi Shankara wrote the following treatises
*{{IAST|[[Viveka Chudamani|Vivekacūḍāmaṇi]]}} (''Crest-Jewel of Wisdom''){{refn|group=note|The authenticity of the "[[Vivekachudamani]]", a well-known work ascribed to Shankara, is doubtful,{{sfn|Shah-Kazemi|2006|p=4}}{{sfn|Singh|Barauh|2004|p=1315}} though it is "so closely interwoven into the spiritual heritage of Shankara that any analysis of his perspective which fails to consider [this work] would be incomplete".{{sfn|Shah-Kazemi|2006|p=4}}}}
*{{IAST|[[Upadesasahasri|Upadeśasāhasri]]}} (''A thousand teachings'')
*{{IAST|[[Satasloki|Śataśloki]]}}
*{{IAST|[[Dasasloki|Daśaśloki]]}}
*{{IAST|[[Ekasloki|Ekaśloki]]}}
*{{IAST|[[Panchikarana|Pañcīkaraṇa]]}}
*{{IAST|[[Atma bodha|Ātma bodha]]}}
*{{IAST|[[Aparoksanubhuti|Aparokṣānubhūti]]}}
*{{IAST|[[Sadhana Pancakam|Sādhana Pañcakaṃ]]}}
*{{IAST|[[Nirvana Shatkam|Nirvāṇa Ṣaṭkam]]}}
*{{IAST|[[Manisha Panchakam|Manīśa Pañcakaṃ]]}}
*{{IAST|[[Yati Pancakam|Yati Pañcakaṃ]]}}
*{{IAST|[[Vakyasudha|Vākyasudha]]}} ([[Dṛg-Dṛśya-Viveka]])
*{{IAST|[[Tattva Bodha|Tattva bodha]]}}
*{{IAST|[[Vakya Vritti|Vākya vṛtti]]}}
*{{IAST|[[Siddhanta Tattva Vindu|Siddhānta Tattva Vindu]]}}
*{{IAST|[[Nirguna Manasa Puja|Nirguṇa Mānasa Pūja]]}}
*{{IAST|[[Prasnottara Ratna Malika]]}} (''The Gem-Garland of Questions and Answers'')Satasloki|Śataśloki
*{{IAST|[[prabodhasudhakara]]}}
*{{IAST|[[svatma prakasika]]}}

==={{IAST|Stotra}}===
Adi Shankara composed many hymns on [[Shiva]], [[Vishnu]], [[Devi]], [[Ganesha]] and [[Subrahmanya]]<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.advaita-vedanta.org/avhp/Slokas.html
| title = Slokas| accessdate =June 26, 2006 | archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20060615031806/http://www.advaita-vedanta.org/avhp/Slokas.html| archivedate= 15 June 2006 | url-status= live}}</ref>
*{{IAST|[[Ganesha Pancharatnam]]}}
*{{IAST|[[Annapurnashtakam]]}}
*{{IAST|[[Kalabhairavashtakam]]}}
*{{IAST|[[Dakshinamurthy Stotram]]}}
*{{IAST|[[Krishnashtakam]]}}
*{{IAST|[[Bhaja Govindam|Bhaja Govindaṃ]]}}, also known as {{IAST|''Mohamuḍgara''}}
*{{IAST|[[Shivanandalahari|Śivānandalahari]]}}
*{{IAST|[[Saundaryalahari]]}}
*{{IAST|[[Jeevanmuktanandalahari]]}}
*{{IAST|[[Śrī Lakṣmīnṛsiṃha Karāvalamba Stotraṃ]]}}
*{{IAST|[[Śāradā Bhujangaṃ]]}}
*{{IAST|[[Kanakadhāra Stotraṃ]]}}
*{{IAST|[[Bhavāni Aṣṭakaṃ]] }}
*{{IAST|[[Śiva Mānasa Pūja]]}}
*{{IAST|[[Pandurangashtakam]]}}
* ''Subramanya Bhujangam''
* ''Kashi Panchakam''
* ''Suvarnamala''
* ''Mahishasura Mardini stotram''
* ''Meenakshi Pancha Ratnam''
* [[Nirvana Shatakam]] also known as Atma Shatakam
* Sabarigiri Ashtakam

==Editions==
A lot of editions of the works of Adi Shankara are available. A few of them are given below:<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.advaita-vedanta.org/avhp/biblio.html
| title = A Select Bibliography
| accessdate =June 26, 2006
| author =Vidyasankar, S
| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20060615031859/http://www.advaita-vedanta.org/avhp/biblio.html| archivedate= 15 June 2006 | url-status= live}}</ref>

===Collections of Works===
*Sri Sankara Granthavali - Complete Works of Sri Sankaracarya in the original Sanskrit, v. 1-10, revised ed., Samata Books, Madras, 1998. (Originally published from Sri Vani Vilas Press, Srirangam, 1910ff., under the direction of the [[Sringeri Sharada Peetham|Sringeri matha]].)
*Sankaracaryera Granthamala, v. 1-4, Basumati Sahitya Mandira, Calcutta, 1995. (complete works with Bengali translation and commentary)
*Upanishad-bhashya-sangraha, Mahesanusandhana Samsthanam, Mt. Abu, 1979-1986. Sankara's bhashyas on the Katha, Mandukya, Taittiriya, Chandogya and Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, with Anandagiri's Tīkas and other sub-commentaries.
*Prakarana-dvadasi, Mahesanusandhana Samsthanam, Mt. Abu, 1981. A collection of twelve prakarana granthas, with commentaries.
*A Bouquet of Nondual Texts, by Adi Sankara, Translated by Dr. H. Ramamoorthy and [[Nome, Spiritual Teacher|Nome]], [[Society of Abidance in Truth]], 2006. A collection of eight texts. This volume contains the Sanskrit original, transliteration, word-for-word meaning and alternative meanings, and complete English verses.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://satramana.org/web/bookstore/sat-publications/a-bouquet-of-nondual-texts/|title=A Bouquet of Nondual Texts {{!}} Society of Abidance in Truth|date=2015-02-20|work=Society of Abidance in Truth|access-date=2017-10-28|language=en-US}}</ref>
*Svatmanirupanam: The True Definition of One's Own Self, Translated by Dr. H. Ramamoorthy and [[Nome, Spiritual Teacher|Nome]], [[Society of Abidance in Truth]], 2002<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://satramana.org/web/bookstore/sat-publications/svatmanirupanam-the-true-definition-of-ones-own-self|title=Svatmanirupanam, The True Definition of One's Own Self {{!}} Society of Abidance in Truth|date=2015-02-20|work=Society of Abidance in Truth|access-date=2017-10-28|language=en-US}}</ref>
*Nirguna Manasa Puja: Worship of the Attributeless One in the Mind, Translated by Dr. H. Ramamoorthy and [[Nome, Spiritual Teacher|Nome]], [[Society of Abidance in Truth]], 1993<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://satramana.org/web/bookstore/sat-publications/nirguna-manasa-puja-worship-of-the-attributeless-one-in-the-mind/|title=Nirguna Manasa Puja (Worship of the Attributeless One in the Mind) {{!}} Society of Abidance in Truth|date=2015-02-20|work=Society of Abidance in Truth|access-date=2017-10-28|language=en-US}}</ref>
*Hastamalakiyam: A Fruit in the Hand or A Work by Hastamalaka, Translated by Dr. H. Ramamoorthy and [[Nome, Spiritual Teacher|Nome]], [[Society of Abidance in Truth]], 2017<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://satramana.org/web/bookstore/sat-publications/hastamalakiyam-a-fruit-in-the-hand-or-a-work-by-hastamalaka/|title=Hastamalakiyam: A Fruit in the Hand or A Work by Hastamalaka {{!}} Society of Abidance in Truth|date=2017-08-17|work=Society of Abidance in Truth|access-date=2017-10-28|language=en-US}}</ref>

===Brahmasutra Bhashya===
*Edited with Marathi translation, by Kasinath Sastri Lele, Srikrishna Mudranalaya, Wai, 1908.
*Edited with vaiyasika-nyayamala of Bharatitirtha, and Marathi commentary, by [[Vishnu Vaman Bapat]] Sastri, Pune, 1923.
*Selections translated into English, by S. K. Belvalkar, Poona Oriental Series no. 13, Bilvakunja, Pune, 1938.
*Edited with Adhikarana-ratnamala of Bharatitirtha, Sri Venkatesvara Mudranalaya, Bombay, 1944.
*Translated into English, by V. M. Apte, Popular Book Depot, Bombay, 1960.
*Translated into English, by George Thibaut, Dover, New York, 1962. (reprint of Clarendon Press editions of The [[Sacred Books of the East]] v.34, 38)
*Sri Sankaracarya Granthavali, no. 3, 1964.
*Translated into English, by [[Swami Gambhirananda]], Advaita Ashrama, Kolkata, 1965.
*Translated into German, by Paul Deussen, G. Olms, Hildesheim, 1966.

===Bhagavadgita Bhashya===
*Critically edited by Dinkar Vishnu Gokhale, Oriental Book Agency, Pune, 1931.
*Edited with Anandagiri's Tika, by Kasinath Sastri Agashe, Anandasrama, Pune, 1970.
*Alladi Mahadeva Sastri, The Bhagavad Gita : with the commentary of Sri Sankaracharya, Samata Books, Madras, 1977.
*A. G. Krishna Warrier, Srimad Bhagavad Gita Bhashya of Sri Sankaracarya, Ramakrishna Math, Madras, 1983.
*Translated into English, by [[Swami Gambhirananda]], Advaita Ashrama, Kolkata, 1984.
*Trevor Leggett, Realization of the Supreme Self : the Bhagavad Gita Yogas, (translation of Sankara's commentary), Kegan Paul International, London, 1995.

===Upadeshasahasri===
*Sitarama Mahadeva Phadke, Sankaracaryakrta Upadesashasri, Rasikaranjana Grantha Prasaraka Mandali, Pune, 1911. (with Marathi translation)
*Paul Hacker, Unterweisung in der All-Einheits-Lehre der Inder: Gadyaprabandha, (German translation of and notes on the Prose book of the upadeSasAhasrI) L. Röhrscheid, Bonn, 1949.

===Vivekachudamani===
*Edited with English translation, by Mohini Chatterjee, Theosophical Publishing House, Madras, 1947.
*[[Ernest Wood]], The Pinnacle of Indian Thought, Theosophical Publishing House, Wheaton (Illinois), 1967. (English translation)
*Swami Prabhavananda and Christopher Isherwood, Shankara's Crest-jewel of Discrimination, with A Garland of Questions and Answers, Vedanta Press, California, 1971.
*Sri Sankara's Vivekachudamani with an English translation of the Sanskrit Commentary of Sri Chandrashekhara Bharati of Sringeri. Translated by P. Sankaranarayanan. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. 1999

===[[Panchikarana]]===
*Edited with Sureshvara's varttika and varttikabharana of Abhinavanarayanendra Sarasvati (17th century), Sri Vani Vilas Press, Srirangam, 1970.
*Edited with Gujarati translation and notes, Sri Harihara Pustakalya, Surat, 1970.

==See also==
*[[Adi Shankara]]
*[[Advaita Vedanta]]
*[[Smartism]]
*[[Hindu scriptures]]
*[[Atma Shatakam]]

==Notes==
{{reflist|group=note|2}}

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==Sources==
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |last=Isaeva |first=Natalia |title=Shankara and Indian Philosophy |year=1993 |publisher=State University of New York Press (SUNY) |location=Albany |isbn=978-0-7914-1281-7}} Some editions spell the author Isayeva.
* {{Cite book | last =Nakamura | first =Hajime | year =2004 | title =A History of Early Vedanta Philosophy. Part Two | place =Delhi | publisher =Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited}}
* {{Cite book | last =Shah-Kazemi | first =Reza | year =2006 | title =Paths to Transcendence: According to Shankara, Ibn Arabi & Meister Eckhart | publisher =World Wisdom}}
* {{Cite book | last1 =Singh | first1 =N. | last2 =Barauh | first2 =B. | year =2004 | title =Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Pali Literature, Volume 1 | publisher =Global Vision Publishing Ho}}
* {{cite book |last=Pande |first=G.C. |year=2011 |title=Life and Thought of Śaṅkarācārya |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=978-81-208-1104-1}}
{{refend}}

==External links==
* [https://archive.org/details/CompleteWorksOfSriSankaracharyaIn20Volumes1910Edition Complete Works of Sri Shankaracharya - 20 Volumes - 1910 Edition as scanned PDF files] at Archive.org
* [http://www.sankaracharya.org Complete Works of Shankaracharya]
*{{Worldcat id|lccn-n79-73884|Adi Shankara}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shankara, Adi}}
[[Category:Hindu texts]]
[[Category:Bibliographies by writer]]
[[Category:Bibliographies of Indian writers]]
[[Category:Sanskrit texts]]
[[Category:Religious bibliographies]]
[[Category:Advaita Vedanta]]
[[Category:Adi Shankara]]

Adi Shankara bibliography - Revision history

>Renata3 at 02:35, 15 May 2021