>Starkenborgher at 16:15, 14 April 2021

2021-04-14T16:15:16Z

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{{Short description|''River in Tamil Nadu''}}
{{use dmy dates|date=February 2020}}
{{use Indian English|date=February 2020}}
{{Infobox river
| name = Agniyar River
| name_native =
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| image =
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| map =
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| pushpin_map = Tamil Nadu#India
| pushpin_map_size =
| pushpin_map_caption= Location in Tamil Nadu
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| subdivision_type1 = Country
| subdivision_name1 = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type2 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Tamil Nadu]]
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| length =
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| discharge1_location= [[Palk Strait]]
| discharge1_min =
| discharge1_avg = 90.3 million meters3/year
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| source1 =
| source1_location = South of [[Keeranur, Pudukkottai|Keeranur]]
| source1_coordinates= {{Coord|10|33|11|N|78|48|35|E}}
| source1_elevation =
| mouth =
| mouth_location = South of [[Rajamadam]]
| mouth_coordinates = {{Coord|10|17|40|N|79|22|6|E|display=inline,title}}
| mouth_elevation =
| progression = Southeast
| river_system =
| basin_size = 2058 km2
| basin_landmarks = [[Pattukkottai]]
| basin_population = 823,000
| tributaries_left = Grand Anicut canal, left Nariyar River, Maharajasamundram River
| tributaries_right = Right Nariyar River
| waterbodies =
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}}

The '''Agniyar River''' is a [[intermittent river|non-perennial]] river in the [[Indian state]] of [[Tamil Nadu]] that flows southeast into the [[Bay of Bengal]].

==Course==
The river begins as a small stream south of [[Keeranur, Pudukkottai|Keeranur]], proceeding south and east, passing [[Karambakkudi]]. Southeast of Karambakkudi, the [[Kallanai Dam|Grand Anicut]] canal connects to it. The river continues eastward past [[Sendakkottai]], until it is joined by the Maharajasamundram River south of [[Pattukkottai]] and west of [[Adirampattinam]]. After this confluence, the river flows south for a short distance, until it empties into the [[Palk Strait]] south of the village of [[Rajamadam]], in the [[Pattukkottai taluk]] of Thanjavur district. <ref name="1!">http://nwm.gov.in/sites/default/files/Agniyar_Report.pdf</ref><ref>http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/33/3319_PART_A_DCHB_THANJAVUR.pdf</ref>

===Watershed===
The Agniyar River is located with the greater Agniyar basin, which includes the Agniyar’s drainage basin, along with the watersheds of the neighboring [[Ambuliyar River|Ambuliyar]] and [[Vellar River (Southern Tamil Nadu)|Vellar]] rivers. This basin is situated to the north of the [[Pambar River (Southern Tamil Nadu)|Pambar]] basin, and to the south and east of the [[Kaveri]] basin. The greater Agniyar basin covers 4809 km2 of land in the [[Pudukottai district|Pudukkottai]], [[Thanjavur district|Thanjavur]], [[Tiruchirappalli district|Tiruchirappalli]], [[Sivaganga district|Sivaganga]], and [[Dindigul district|Dindigul]] districts, while the smaller Agniyar basin covers 2058 km2. 1.9 million people live in the greater basin, while about 823,000 people make up the population of the smaller basin.<ref name="1!" />

==Flow==
As reported by a gauging station at the final dam across the river, the average yearly flow into the Bay of Bengal was about 90 million [[cubic metre]]s of water. However, this average does not account for seasonal changes in precipitation and [[intermittent river|intermittent]] flow that result from India's [[Wet season|wet]] and [[Dry season|dry]] seasons.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMO4DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA117&lpg=PA117&dq=agniyar+river&source=bl&ots=KC85oRYSgI&sig=ACfU3U0-i744hBXNybGmMygnrjGgABOTTg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiwqrCj_P7nAhUSTN8KHd0DAN04FBDoATAFegQIChAB#v=onepage&q=agniyar+river&f=false|title=Handbook of Research on the Conservation and Restoration of Tropical Dry Forests|first1=Bhadouria|last1=Rahul|first2=Tripathi|last2=Sachchidanand|first3=Srivastava|last3=Pratap|first4=Singh|last4=Pardeep|date=27 September 2019|publisher=IGI Global|via=Google Books}}</ref>

===Irrigation===
The river is utilized for extensive irrigation projects, with eight [[dams|anicuts]] damming the river and diverting its flow to 1,280 storage tanks and 24,073 hectares of surrounding farmland. Additionally, a pumping station draws water from the river for municipal supply.<ref name="1!" />

==Environmental issues==
The river suffers from high nitrate and fluoride concentrations that are the result of agricultural runoff. Poor solid waste management and soil erosion also harm the river.<ref>http://documents.vsemirnyjbank.org/curated/ru/412791468282301015/pdf/E13410vol-02.pdf</ref> In the dry season, sand is sometimes [[Mining scams in India|illegally mined]] from the riverbed for use in construction. This extraction destabilizes the river’s ecosystem and contributes to negative effects.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Tiruchirapalli/check-illegal-sand-quarrying-in-agniyar-collector/article28141835.ece|title=Check illegal sand quarrying in Agniyar: Collector|date=26 June 2019|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{TamilNadu-stub}}

[[Category:Rivers]]
[[Category:Geography of Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Bay of Bengal]]

Agniyar River - Revision history

>Starkenborgher at 16:15, 14 April 2021