https://indianpedia.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Al-BurdaAl-Burda - Revision history2026-07-30T14:39:53ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.45.4https://indianpedia.org/index.php?title=Al-Burda&diff=432338&oldid=prevSharifmia at 08:35, 9 August 20232023-08-09T08:35:57Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Poem in praise of Prophet Muhammad}}<br />
{{multiple image<br />
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| image1 = Frontispiece of "Al-Kawakib al-duriyya" by Al-Busiri (CBL Ar 4168, f.2a).jpg<br />
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| image2 = Frontispiece of Al-Kawakib al-duriyya by Al-Busiri (CBL Ar 4168, f.1b).jpg<br />
| alt2 = Red cartouche<br />
| footer = Illuminated [[Book frontispiece|frontispiece]] to the manuscript of ''Al-Kawākib ad-durriyya'' by [[Al-Busiri]] made for the sultan [[Qaitbay]]. Large lobed medallions in the center bear the name of the sultan (right) and blessing on him (left).{{sfn|Blair|Bloom|1995|p=113}} Above and below on the right is the certificate of commissioning stating the manuscript to have been produced for his library, while opposite, on the facing page, the upper and lower panels contain the title of the work. [[Cairo]], c. 1470.{{sfn|James|1983|p=26}} [[Chester Beatty Library]].<br />
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{{Muhammad}}<br />
{{Italic title}}<br />
[[File:Burdah Alexandria.jpg|thumb|right|A verse from the ''Qaṣīdat al-Burda'', displayed on the wall of al-Busiri's shrine in Alexandria]]<br />
'''''Qasīdat al-Burda''''' ({{lang-ar|قصيدة البردة}}, "Ode of the Mantle"), or '''''al-Burda''''' for short, is a thirteenth-century ode of praise for the [[Prophets of Islam|Islamic prophet]] [[Muhammad]] composed by the eminent [[Sufism|Sufi]] [[mysticism|mystic]] [[Imam al-Busiri]] of [[Egypt]]. The poem whose actual title is ''al-Kawākib ad-durriyya fī Madḥ Khayr al-Bariyya'' ({{lang|ar|الكواكب الدرية في مدح خير البرية}}, "The Celestial Lights in Praise of the Best of Creation"), is famous mainly in the Sunni [[Muslim world]]. It is entirely in praise of Muhammad, who is said to have been praised ceaselessly by the afflicted poet, to the point that Muhammad appeared in a dream and wrapped him in a [[Hırka-i Şerif|mantle]] or cloak; in the morning the poet discovers that God has cured him.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.alahazrat.net/library/englisharticles/qasida/index.htm |title=Anthology of Arabic Poems about the Prophet and the Faith of Islam Containing the Famous Poem of Al-Busaree |access-date=2009-11-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091210135943/http://www.alahazrat.net/library/englisharticles/qasida/index.htm |archive-date=2009-12-10 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.alahazrat.net/library/englisharticles/qasida/index.htm |title=The poem of the scarf by Shaikh Faizullah Bhai B. A. – University of Bombay – Published by Taj Company Ltd. |access-date=2009-11-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091210135943/http://www.alahazrat.net/library/englisharticles/qasida/index.htm |archive-date=2009-12-10 |url-status=dead }}</ref><br />
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''Bānat Suʿād'', a poem composed by [[Ka'b bin Zuhayr]] was originally called as Al-Burdah. He recited this poem in front of Muhammad after embracing Islam. Muhammad was so moved that he removed his mantle and wrapped it over him. The original Burdah is not as famous as the one composed by al-Busiri even though Muhammad had physically wrapped his mantle over [[Ka'b bin Zuhayr|Ka'b]] not in a dream like in the case of al-Busiri.<br />
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== Composition ==<br />
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The ''Burda'' is divided into 10 chapters and 160 verses all rhyming with each other. Interspersing the verses is the refrain, "My [[God in Islam|Patron]], confer blessings and peace continuously and eternally on Your Beloved, the Best of All Creation" (Arabic: مولاي صل وسلم دائما أبدا على حبيبك خير الخلق كلهم). Each verse ends with the Arabic letter ''mīm'', a style called ''mīmiyya''. The 10 chapters of the ''Burda'' comprise:<br />
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*On Lyrical love yearnly<br />
*On Warnings about the [[Lataif-e-sitta#Latifat-an-Nafsi|Caprices of the Self]]<br />
*On the [[Na`at|Praise of the Prophet]]<br />
*On His [[Mawlid|Birth]]<br />
*On His [[Islamic view of miracles|Miracles]]<br />
*On the Exalted Stature and Miraculous Merits of the [[Qur'an]]<br />
*On the [[Isra and Mi'raj|Ascension of the Prophet]]<br />
*On the [[Ghazw|Struggle]] of Allah's Messenger<br />
*On Seeking [[Tawassul|Intercession through the Prophet]]<br />
*On Intimate Discourse and the [[Dua|Petition]] of One's State.<br />
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== Popularity ==<br />
Sunni [[Muslim]]s have traditionally venerated the poem. It is memorized and recited in congregations, and its verses decorate the walls of public buildings and [[mosque]]s. This poem decorated [[Al-Masjid al-Nabawi]] (the mosque of Muhammad) in [[Medina]] for centuries but was erased but for two lines.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/art/alburda.shtml|title=BBC – Religions – Islam: al-Burda|access-date=2016-12-17}}</ref> Over 90 commentaries have been written on this poem and it has been translated into [[Hausa language|Hausa]], [[Persian language|Persian]], [[Urdu]], [[Turkish language|Turkish]], [[Berber languages|Berber]], [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], [[English language|English]], [[French language|French]], [[German language|German]], [[Sindhi language|Sindhi]], [[Norwegian language|Norwegian]], [[Chinese language|Chinese]] (called Tianfangshijing), and other languages. It is known and recited by a large number of [[Sunni]] [[Muslims]], ordinarily and on special occasions, such as [[Mawlid]], making it one of the most recited poems in the world.<br />
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==Translations==<br />
The poem has seen several different translations, into a variety of languages.<ref>See section, "''Popularity''"</ref> Arguably the most important translation of recent times is that by [[Timothy Winter]] into English.<ref>"Imam al-Busiri, The Mantle Adorned", Timothy Winter (Abdal Hakim Murad), (London: Quilliam Press, 2009)</ref> The book was also translated into four different languages: Persian, Urdu, Punjabi and English by [[Dr. Muhammad Hamid]].<br />
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==Audio==<br />
The full rendition of this famous poem has been produced by The Adel Brothers. They have sung the full poem in over 20 different styles.<ref>'The Mantle of Praise', see 'External links' below.</ref><br />
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==Legacy==<br />
The Burda was accepted within Sunni Islam and was the subject of numerous commentaries by mainstream [[Sufi|Sunni]] scholars<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c1ZsBgAAQBAJ&q=Burda+ibn+Hajar&pg=PA166|title=Medieval Islamic Civilization: An Encyclopedia|last=Meri|first=Josef W.|date=2005-10-31|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781135455965|pages=166|language=en}}</ref> such as [[Ibn Hajar al-Haytami]],<ref name=Brill126>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lhyX6Dp8pnMC&q=Burda+ibn+Hajar&pg=PA126|title=The Trans-Saharan Book Trade: Manuscript Culture, Arabic Literacy and Intellectual History in Muslim Africa|last1=Krätli|first1=Graziano|last2=Lydon|first2=Ghislaine|date=2011-01-01|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-9004187429|pages=126|language=en}}</ref> [[Nazifi]]<ref name=Brill126/> and [[Al-Qastallani|Qastallani]]<ref name="EI2a">{{cite book |last1=Lewis |first1=B. |last2=Menage |first2=V.L. |last3=Pellat |first3=Ch. |last4=Schacht |first4=J. |title=Encyclopaedia of Islam |volume=IV (Iran-Kha) |publisher=Brill |location=Leiden, Netherlands |date=1997 |orig-year=1st. pub. 1978 |isbn=9004078193 |page=737|edition=New }}</ref> It was also studied by the [[Shafi'i]] hadith master [[Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani]] (d. 852 A.H.) both by reading the text out loud to his teacher and by receiving it in writing from a transmitter who heard it directly from Busiri himself.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JjJBDAAAQBAJ&q=Burda+ibn+Hajar&pg=PT85|title=Variance in Arabic Manuscripts: Arabic Didactic Poems from the Eleventh to the Seventeenth Centuries – Analysis of Textual Variance and Its Control in the Manuscripts|last=Sobieroj|first=Florian|date=2016-05-24|publisher=Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG|isbn=9783110460001|pages=65|language=en}}</ref><br />
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The founder of [[Wahhabism]], [[Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab]], considered the poem to be ''[[Shirk (Islam)|shirk]]'' (idolatory).<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/wahhabimissionsa0000comm|url-access=registration|quote=The Wahhai mission.|title=The Wahhabi Mission and Saudi Arabia|last=Commins|first=David|date=2006-02-20|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=9781845110802|pages=[https://archive.org/details/wahhabimissionsa0000comm/page/59 59]|language=en}}</ref><br />
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==See also==<br />
*[[Al-Busiri]]<br />
*[[Durood]]<br />
*[[Islamic poetry]]<br />
*[[Mesut Kurtis]]<br />
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==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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== Bibliography ==<br />
*{{cite book|last1=Blair|first1=Sheila S.|last2=Bloom|first2=Jonathan M.|title=The Art and Architecture of Islam. 1250 - 1800|date=1995|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=9780300058888|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FWuozgEACAAJ}}<br />
*{{cite book|last1=James|first1=David|title=The Arab Book|date=1983|publisher=Chester Beatty Library|isbn=|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V5fOMgEACAAJ}}<br />
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==External links==<br />
*[http://www.nasheedbay.com/talibalhabib/songs-of-the-wayfarer/qasida-burda-the-miraj ''Qasida Burda''] – ''Qasida Burda'' (the nasheed)<br />
*[http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/art/alburda.shtml ''Al-Burda'' on the BBC]<br />
*[http://www.iqra.net/qasaaid1/burda Iqra.net: The Prophet's Mantle]<br />
*[http://www.deenislam.co.uk/burdah/burdah.htm Translation of ''al-Burda'' and other resources]<br />
*[http://dar.aucegypt.edu/handle/10526/1334 MA Thesis: Understanding the Poem of the Burdah in Sufi Commentaries] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204035922/http://dar.aucegypt.edu/handle/10526/1334 |date=2012-02-04 }}<br />
*[http://mantleadorned.com/ ''The Mantle Adorned''] a translation by [[Timothy Winter]]<br />
*[https://itunes.apple.com/au/album/the-mantle-of-praise/id1171287717 'The Mantle of Praise' Full rendition of the Qasida Burda by The Adel Brothers]<br />
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==Further reading==<br />
* ''Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God'' (2 vols.), Edited by C. Fitzpatrick and A. Walker, Santa Barbara, ABC-CLIO, 2014. {{ISBN|1610691776}}<br />
* ''[http://www.sciencesacree.com/librairie/autres-livres/la-burda-du-desert-tidjani-ikbal-valsan.html La Burda du désert, Touria Ikbal, Faiza Tidjani & Muhammad Vâlsan, Edited by Science sacrée, 2015.] {{ISBN|9782915059106}}<br />
*Al Borda (Le manteau): Poème consacré à l’éloge du Prophète de l’Islam (sur lui la prière et le salut) Broché , TEMASAMANI Chebagouda Abdelhamid– 16 novembre 2020 {{ISBN|979-8560378806}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Qasidah Al-Burda}}<br />
[[Category:Works by Al-Busiri]]<br />
[[Category:Islamic poetry]]<br />
[[Category:Sufi literature]]<br />
[[Category:Panegyrics]]<br />
[[Category:Medieval Arabic poems]]<br />
[[Category:Sunni literature]]<br />
[[Category:Muhammad]]</div>Sharifmia