Ajay Kumar at 19:08, 28 September 2023

2023-09-28T19:08:00Z

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{{Short description|Persian Islamic hadith scholar (829–915)}}
{{More citations needed|date=February 2014}}
{{Infobox Muslim scholar
| name = Al-Nasa'i
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| religion = [[Islam]]
| birth_date = 214 AH (c. 829 CE)
| birth_place = Nasā, (Khorasan) present-day [[Turkmenistan]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.uga.edu/islam/hadith.html |title=Hadith and the Prophet Muhammad |access-date=2011-04-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111028034927/http://www.uga.edu/islam/hadith.html |archive-date=2011-10-28 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| death_date = 303 AH (915 CE)
| death_place = [[Ramla]] or [[Mecca]]
| occupation =
| denomination = [[Sunni]]
| jurisprudence = [[Shafi‘i]]
<ref>Ṭabaqāt aš-Šāfiʿiyya al-kubrā. Vol. 3, p. 14–16 (Kairo 1965)</ref>
| creed =
| language =
| ethnicity = [[Persian people|Persian]]
| nationality = Caliphate
| era = [[Islamic golden age]]
| region = [[Abbasid Caliphate]]
| tradition_movement =
| main_interests = [[Hadith]] and [[fiqh]]
| notable_ideas =
| notable_works = [[Al-Sunan al-Sughra]]
| influenced =
}}

'''Al-Nasāʾī''' (214 – 303 [[Islamic calendar|AH]]; {{circa}} 829 – 915 CE), full name '''Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Aḥmad ibn Shuʿayb ibn ʿAlī ibn Sinān al-Nasāʾī''', (variant: '''Abu Abdel-rahman Ahmed ibn Shua'ib ibn Ali ibn Sinan ibn Bahr ibn Dinar Al-Khurasani'''), was a noted collector of [[hadith]] (sayings of [[Muhammad]]),<ref name="Ludwig 2009">[[Ludwig W. Adamec]] (2009), ''Historical Dictionary of Islam'', p.138. Scarecrow Press. {{ISBN|0810861615}}.</ref> from the city of [[Nisa, Turkmenistan|Nasa]] (early [[Greater Khorasan|Khorasan]] and present day Turkmenistan),<ref>{{cite book |title=The Cambridge history of Iran. |date=1975 |publisher=Cambridge U.P. |isbn=978-0-521-20093-6 |editor-last1=Frye |editor-first1=R.N. |edition=Repr. |location=London |page=471}} Retrieved from [https://www.academia.edu/27103148/THE_CAMBRIDGE_HISTORY_OF_IRAN]</ref> and the author of "''As-Sunan''", one of the [[Six major Hadith collections|six canonical hadith collections]] recognized by [[Sunni]] [[Muslim]]s.<ref>[[Jonathan A.C. Brown]] (2007), ''The Canonization of al-Bukhārī and Muslim: The Formation and Function of the Sunnī Ḥadīth Canon'', p.9. [[Brill Publishers]]. {{ISBN|978-9004158399}}. Quote: [https://books.google.com/books?id=nyMKDEAb4GsC&pg=PA9 "We can discern three strata of the Sunni hadith canon. The perennial core has been the Sahihayn. Beyond these two foundational classics, some fourth/tenth-century scholars refer to a four-book selection that adds the two Sunans of Abu Dawud (d. 275/889) and al-Nasa'i (d. 303/915). The Five Book canon, which is first noted in the sixth/twelfth century, incorporates the Jami' of al-Tirmidhi (d. 279/892). Finally the Six Book canon, which hails from the same period, adds either the Sunan of Ibn Majah (d. 273/887), the Sunan of al-Daraqutni (d. 385/995) or the Muwatta' of Malik b. Anas (d. 179/796). Later hadith compendia often included other collections as well.' None of these books, however, has enjoyed the esteem of al-Bukhari's and Muslim's works."]</ref> From his "''As-Sunan al-Kubra'' (The Large Sunan)" he wrote an abridged version, "''Al-Mujtaba''" or ''[[Sunan al-Sughra]]'' (The Concise Sunan). Of the fifteen books he is known to have written, six treat the science of hadīth.

== Biography ==
Of [[Persian people|Persian]] origin,<ref>{{cite book |title=The Cambridge history of Iran. |date=1975 |publisher=Cambridge U.P. |isbn=978-0-521-20093-6 |editor-last1=Frye |editor-first1=R.N. |edition=Repr. |location=London |page=471}} Retrieved from [https://www.academia.edu/27103148/THE_CAMBRIDGE_HISTORY_OF_IRAN]</ref> Al-Nasa'i himself states he was born in the year 830 (215 h.) - although some say it was in 829 or 869 (214 or 255 h.) - in the city of [[Nisa, Turkmenistan|Nasa]] in present-day [[Turkmenistan]] - part of [[Greater Khorasan|Khorasan]], a region in Western Asia and Central Asia known for its many centres of Islamic learning. There he attended the gatherings and circles of knowledge, known as "''halqas''". At about 15 years old, he began his travels with his first journey to Qutaibah. He covered the whole Arabian Peninsula seeking knowledge from scholars in [[Iraq]], [[Kufa]], the [[Hijaz]], [[Syria]] and [[Egypt]], where he eventually settled. A habit of his was to fast every other day, as this was a habit of [[David in Islam|Dawud]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.islamicfinder.org/knowledge/biography/story-of-imam-annasai/|title=Biography of Imam An-Nasai|website=IslamicFinder}}</ref>

=== Death ===
In 302 AH/915 AD, he stopped by in the city of [[Damascus]] in between his long journey from Cairo to Mecca just as a stopping point. Near the time of his death, he had become a renowned scholar in the Islamic world and decided to give a speech in the [[Umayyad Mosque]] as a scholar of his repute tends to do. The lecture he did was on the virtues of the [[Companions of the Prophet|companions]] of Muhammad, specifically throughout the lecture he recited the virtues of [[Ali]] that he had heard of throughout his life. His narrating the virtues of Ali railed up the crowd due to the anti-[[Alids|alid]] sentiments in Damascus. In opposition, the crowd felt that there was nothing about [[Muawiya I]] in the lecture and asked him to narrate something related to the Umayyad caliph. He responded back by saying the only narration that he had heard about him about Muawiya by Muhammed was when Muhammed prayed to Allah saying "May Allah not fill his stomach". The crowd took this narration as a demerit from Muhammad leading the crowd to beat him and he eventually died due to his injuries on the outskirts of the city.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dataspace.princeton.edu/bitstream/88435/dsp01sj139434v/1/Dann_princeton_0181D_11491.pdf|title=Michael Dann, Contested Boundaries: The Reception of Shīʿite Narratorsin the Sunnī Hadith Tradition,2015, page 2}}</ref>

=== Teachers ===
According to the [[Hafiz (Quran)|hafiz]] [[Ibn Hajar al-'Asqalani|Ibn Hajr Alaih]], al-Nasa'i's teachers were too numerous to name, but included:

* [[Ishaq Ibn Rahwayh]]
* [[Abu Dawood|Imam Abu Daud Al-Sijistani]] (author of [[Sunan Abu Dawood]])
* Qutayba ibn Sa'id

Hafiz ibn Hajr and others claimed that [[Muhammad al-Bukhari|Imam Bukhari]] was among his teachers. However [[Yusuf ibn Abd al-Rahman al-Mizzi|Al-Mizzi]], refutes that the Imam ever met him. [[Al-Sakhawi|As-Sakhawi]] gives the reasons in great detail for al-Mizzi's claim that they never met, but argues these must apply also to his claim that An-Nasa'i heard from Abu Dawud. Moreover, Ibn Mundah narrates the following: We were informed by Hamzah, that an-Nasa'i, Abu Abd-ur-Rahman informed us saying, 'I heard Muhammad Ibn Isma'il Al-Bukhari...<ref>{{cite web|url=http://majles.alukah.net/t111501/|title=هل سمع الإمام النسائي من الإمام البخاري|language=Arabic}}</ref>' [[Ibrahim ibn Ya'qub al-Juzajani]] was also an influence.<ref>{{cite book|last=Al-Bastawī|first=ʻAbd al-ʻAlīm ʻAbd al-ʻAẓīm |title=Al-Imām al-Jūzajānī wa-manhajuhu fi al-jarḥ wa-al-taʻdīl|year=1990|publisher=Maktabat Dār al-Ṭaḥāwī|page=9}}</ref>

In Egypt an-Nasa'i began to lecture, mostly narrating ''[[ahadith]]'' (hadith plural) to the extent that he became known by the title "''Hafizul Hadeeth''". His lectures were well attended and among his many students were the scholars:

* Imam Abul Qasim Tabrani
* Imam Abu Bakr Ahmed ibn Muhammad, also known as Allamah ibn Sunni
* Sheikh Ali, the son of the Muhaddith, Imam Tahawi.

=== School of Thought ===
Imam Izzakie was a follower of the [[Shafi'i]] ''[[fiqh]]'' (jurisprudence) according to Allamah [[Taqi al-Din al-Subki|as-Subki]], Shah Waliullah, Shah Abdulaziz and many other scholars. The Great Scholar Allamah [[Anwar Shah Kashmiri]] and [[Ibn Taymiyyah]] consider him a [[Hanbali]].

===Family===
Imam an-Nasa'i had four wives but historians mention only one son, Abdul Kareem, a narrator of the ''Sunan'' of his father.

=== Books ===
Selected works:<ref>For a list of ten of his works see [[Fuat Sezgin]], ''GAS'' (Geschichte des Arabischen Schrifttums), i, 167-9.</ref>

* [[As-Sunan al-Kubra]]
* [[Al-Sunan al-Sughra|Sunan Al-Sugra/ Al-Mujtana/ Al-Mujtaba]]
* Amul Yawmi Wallaylah
* Kitaby Dufai wal Matrookeen
* [[Khasais of Amir Al Momenin]]
* Al-Jurhu wa Ta'adeel
* Sunan An-Nisa'i
* Qasayis e Murtazavi

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{wikiquote}}
{{wikisourcelang|ar|مؤلف:النسائي|Al-Nasa'i}}
* [http://www.muslimscholars.info/manage.php?submit=scholar&ID=30006 Biodata at MuslimScholars.info]
* [https://sunnah.com/nasai/about Biography at Sunnah.com]

{{Shafi'i scholars}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nasa'i}}
[[Category:Hadith compilers]]
[[Category:Muhaddiths from Nishapur]]
[[Category:Biographical evaluation scholars]]
[[Category:820s births]]
[[Category:915 deaths]]
[[Category:Year of birth uncertain]]
[[Category:Transoxanian Islamic scholars]]
[[Category:10th-century Iranian people]]
[[Category:9th-century Iranian people]]
[[Category:9th-century jurists]]
[[Category:10th-century jurists]]

Al-Nasa'i - Revision history

Ajay Kumar at 19:08, 28 September 2023