https://indianpedia.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Ala-ud-Din_Bahman_ShahAla-ud-Din Bahman Shah - Revision history2026-07-31T16:42:06ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.45.4https://indianpedia.org/index.php?title=Ala-ud-Din_Bahman_Shah&diff=181423&oldid=prev>Ananda Sharmar at 14:33, 4 October 20212021-10-04T14:33:24Z<p></p>
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{{Infobox monarch|birth_name=Zafar Khan|birth_date=1292{{sfn|Sherwani|1946|loc=''Alauddin Hassan Shah Bahamani'' pp.[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.68551/page/n89/mode/1up 69]}}|succession=Sultan of the [[Bahmani Sultanate]]|successor=[[Mohammed Shah I]]|reign=3 August 1347 – 10 February 1358|death_date=10 February 1358{{sfn|Briggs|1909|loc=''Death of Alauddin Hassan Shah Bahamani'' pp.<br />
[https://archive.org/details/HistoryOfTheRiseOfTheMahomedanPowerInIndiaVolume1/HistoryOfTheRiseOfTheMahomedanPowerInIndia-Volume-2/page/n312/mode/1up 297]}}|burial_place=[[Bahmani tombs]]}}<br />
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'''Ala-ud-Din Hasan Bahman Shah''' ({{Lang-ar|علاء الدين بهمن شاه}}; died 10 February 1358)<ref>{{Citation|url=https://iranicaonline.org/articles/hasan-gangu|title=Alauddin Hassan Shah Bahamani}}</ref> whose original name was '''Zafar Khan''', was the founder of the [[Bahmani Sultanate]].<br />
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His original name was Zafar Khan titled with "Alauddin Bahman Shah Sultan – Founder of the Bahmani Dynasty" with his capital at [[Gulbarga]] (Hasanabad) and all his coins were minted at Hasanabad.<br />
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==Ancestry and early life==<br />
[[Image:Coin of Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah.jpg|thumb|200px|Coin minted under Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah]]<br />
Zafar Khan was a noble in the employ of [[Muhammad bin Tughluq]]. His ancestry is unknown.{{sfn|Avari|2013|p=88}}{{sfn|Kulke|Rothermund|2004|p=170}} However, there is a popular legend regarding him narrated by the 17th century poet [[Ferishta]],{{sfn|Briggs|1909|loc=''Alauddin Hassan Shah Bahamani'' pp.<br />
[https://archive.org/details/HistoryOfTheRiseOfTheMahomedanPowerInIndiaVolume1/HistoryOfTheRiseOfTheMahomedanPowerInIndia-Volume-2/page/n299/mode/1up 284-285]}} which says that he was a servant of a [[Brahmin]] astrologer named [[gangu (ruler)|Gangu (Gangadhar Shastri Wabale)]] of [[Delhi]] and he was himself called Hasan Gangu. Historians have not found any corroboration for the legend.{{sfn|Chandra|2004|p=177}}{{sfn|Majumdar|1967|p=248}}{{sfn|Bhattacharya|1972|p=100}}<br />
According to [[Richard M. Eaton|Richard Eaton]], Zafar Khan was the nephew of a former high official in the [[Khalji dynasty|Khalji]] court.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|last=M.|first=Eaton, Richard|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/921054505|title=A Social History of the Deccan, 1300-1761 : Eight Indian Lives|isbn=978-1-139-05390-7|pages=40-42|oclc=921054505}}</ref><br />
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In 1339, Zafar Khan participated in an uprising against the Tughluqs. This turned out unsuccessful; he and his allies were exiled to [[Afghanistan]] the same year. He managed to return to the Deccan, and in 1346 he participated in a siege of [[Gulbarga]], at the time under Tughluq control. The siege proved successful.<ref name=":2" /><br />
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He was made a governor. In 1347 he was made commander of an army in [[Daulatabad, Maharashtra|Daulatabad]]. On 3 August 1347 Nasir-ud-Din Ismail Shah (Ismail Mukh, whom the rebel ''amir''s of the Deccan placed on the throne of Daulatabad in 1345) abdicated in his favour and he set up the Bahmani Kingdom with its headquarters at Hasanabad ([[Gulbarga]]).<ref><br />
Mahajan, V.D. (1991). ''History of Medieval India'', Part I, New Delhi:S. Chand, {{ISBN|81-219-0364-5}}, pp.279–80<br />
</ref><ref name="Bhattacharya. p. 928">Bhattacharya. ''Indian History''. p. 928</ref><br />
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Before the establishment of his kingdom, he held the [[jagir]]s of [[Miraj]], [[Belgaum]] and [[Hukeri]] on behalf of the Tughlaqs and he used to live along with his widowed mother at [[Miraj]] town. After establishing his kingdom, he handed over his kingdom to his eldest son. The sources like ''Isami'' and ''The Buran'' mentions [[Miraj]] was his headquarters of his Jahangir.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Congress |first1=Indian History |title=Proceedings, Indian History Congress |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DjFWAAAAYAAJ&q=history+of+hukkeri |access-date=4 June 2019 |language=en |date=2007}}</ref><br />
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==Reign==<br />
On establishing an independent kingdom Zafar Khan took the title of ''Abu'l-Muzaffar Ala-ud-din Bahman Shah''.<ref name="Bhattacharya. p. 928"/>{{sfn|Bhattacharya|1972|p=100}} He gave Ismail Mukh a ''jagir'' near [[Jamkhandi]] and later conferred to him the highest title of his kingdom, ''[[Amir-ul-Umara]]''. But Narayana, a local Hindu chieftain still succeeded in turning Ismail against Bahman Shah for a short period before he poisoned Ismail.{{sfn|Majumdar|1967|pp=249–250}}<br />
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Bahman Shah led his first campaign against [[Warangal]] in 1350 and forced its ruler Kapaya Nayaka to cede to him the fortress of [[Kaulas Fort|Kaulas]]. His kingdom was divided into four provinces and he appointed a governor for each province.{{sfn|Majumdar|1967|pp=249–250}} During his reign Hasan fought many wars with [[Vijayanagara Empire|Vijayanagara]]. By the time of his death the kingdom stretched from north to south from the [[Wainganga River]] to [[Krishna River|Krishna]] and east to west from [[Bhongir]] to [[Daulatabad, Maharashtra|Daulatabad]].<ref name="Bhattacharya. p. 929">Bhattacharya. ''Indian History''. p. 929</ref><br />
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He was succeeded by his son [[Mohammed Shah I]] after his death in 1358.<ref name="Bhattacharya. p. 929"/><br />
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==References==<br />
{{reflist|2}}<br />
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== Sources ==<br />
* {{citation |last=Avari |first=Burjor |authorlink=Burjor Avari |title=Islamic Civilization in South Asia: A history of Muslim power and presence in the Indian subcontinent |publisher=Routledge |year=2013 |isbn=978-0-415-58061-8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hGHpVtQ8eKoC&pg=PA88}}<br />
* {{citation |last=Bhattacharya |first=Sachchidananada |title=A Dictionary of Indian History |location=Westport |publisher=Greenwood Press |year=1972}}<br />
* {{citation |last=Chandra |first=Satish |title=Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals-Delhi Sultanat (1206–1526) – Part One |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L5eFzeyjBTQC&pg=PA177 |year=2004 |publisher=Har-Anand Publications |isbn=978-81-241-1064-5}}<br />
* {{Citation |last1=Kulke |first1=Hermann |last2=Rothermund |first2=Dietmar |year=2004 |title=A History of India |publisher=Routledge |isbn=9780415329194 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TPVq3ykHyH4C&pg=PA170 |edition=Fourth}}<br />
* {{citation |last=Majumdar |first=Ramesh Chandra |title=The Delhi Sultanate |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c8IKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA248 |year=1967 |publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan}}<br />
* {{Citation|title=History of the Mohommedan powers in india till 1612,Vol 2|editor-last1=Briggs|editor-first1=John|year=1909}}<br />
*{{Citation|title= History of the Bahmani dynasty-An Objective study|editor-last1=Sherwani|editor-first1=H K|year=1946}} <br />
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{{s-new<br />
| reason = [[Bahmani Sultanate|Dynasty founded]]<br />
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{{s-ttl<br />
| title = [[Bahmani Sultan]]<br />
| years = 3 August 1347 – 10 February 1358<br />
}}<br />
{{s-aft<br />
| after = [[Mohammed Shah I]]<br />
}}<br />
{{s-end}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Ala-Ud-Din Bahman Shah}}<br />
[[Category:1358 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:Bahmani Sultans]]<br />
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]</div>>Ananda Sharmar