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{{Short description|British Army general (1882–1954)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2021}}
{{Infobox military person
| name = Sir Alan Hartley
| image =
| caption =
| birth_date = 24 October 1882
| death_date = 7 December 1954 (aged 72)
| placeofburial_label =
| placeofburial =
| birth_place =
| death_place =
| nickname =
| allegiance = {{flag|United Kingdom}}
| branch = {{army|United Kingdom}} {{army|British Raj}}
| serviceyears = 1901–1944
| servicenumber = 98489
| rank = [[General (United Kingdom)|General]]
| unit = [[Durham Light Infantry]]
| commands =
1st Battalion, [[York and Lancaster Regiment]] 
[[5th King Edward's Own Probyn's Horse]] 
[[1st (Risalpur) Cavalry Brigade]] 
[[4th (Secunderabad) Cavalry Brigade]] 
[[Waziristan]] District 
[[Rawalpindi District]] 
[[Northern Command (India)|Northern Command, India]] 
[[Commander-in-Chief, India]]
| battles = [[Second Boer War]] [[First World War]] [[Second World War]]
| awards = [[Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire]] [[Knight Commander of the Order of the Star of India]] [[Companion of the Order of the Bath]] [[Distinguished Service Order]]
| relations =
| laterwork =
}}
[[General (United Kingdom)|General]] '''Sir Alan Fleming Hartley''', {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100%|sep=,|GCIE|KCSI|CB|DSO}} (24 October 1882 – 7 December 1954) was a [[British Indian Army]] officer during the [[Second World War]].

==Military career==
Born in 1882, the son of Dr. Reginald Hartley, M.D.<ref name="ReferenceA">Kelly's handbook to the titled, landed and official classes 1944</ref> Educated at [[Charterhouse School]] and the [[Royal Military College, Sandhurst]], Hartley was [[Officer (armed forces)|commissioned]] into the 1st Battalion, [[Durham Light Infantry]] as a [[second lieutenant]] on 8 January 1901.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=27264|date= 8 January 1901 |page=160}}</ref>

He first saw active service in the [[Second Boer War]] (from May 1901 to May 1902), where he was for a period [[aide-de-camp]] to Major-General [[R. A. P. Clements]].<ref>Hart′s Army list, 1903</ref> After the end of this war, he joined the 1st battalion of his regiment as it was sent to [[British Raj|India]] in November 1902, where it was stationed in [[Wellington Cantonment|Wellington]], [[Madras Presidency]].<ref>{{Cite newspaper The Times |title=The Army in South Africa - Troops for India |date=4 November 1902 |page=10 |issue=36916}}</ref> He was promoted to [[Lieutenant (British Army and Royal Marines)|lieutenant]] on 10 May 1905 (seniority 5 June 1903),<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=27845|date=17 October 1905 |page=6936}}</ref> transferred to the [[British Indian Army|Indian Army]] and appointed to [[11th King Edward's Own Lancers (Probyn's Horse)]] that year.<ref name=obit>[http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~janej/Jane/Tetley/Tetley-o/e25.htm Obituary:Sir Alan Fleming Hartley]</ref><ref>January 1908 Indian Army List</ref>

He served in the [[First World War]] in France, the Balkans and Mesopotamia, being [[mentioned in dispatches]] three times and awarded the [[Distinguished Service Order|DSO]].<ref name="ReferenceB">War services of British and Indian officers of the Indian Army 1941</ref> He was promoted to [[Captain (British Army and Royal Marines)|captain]] on 8 January 1910,<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=28350|date=22 March 1910 |page=2035}}</ref> to [[major]] in June 1917<ref name=LG25August1917>{{London Gazette|issue=30251|date=25 August 1917 |page=8849|supp=y }}</ref> and to acting [[Lieutenant colonel (United Kingdom)|lieutenant-colonel]] in 1917, commanding 1st Battalion, [[York and Lancaster Regiment]] at Salonika.<ref name=LG25August1917/>

After attending the [[Pakistan Command and Staff College|Staff College, Quetta]], from 1919 to 1920,<ref>Smart, p. 142</ref> from May 1921 to July 1924 he was a [[general staff officer]] grade 2 in [[British Raj|India]] and from December 1924 to December 1926 he was an instructor at the Staff College, Quetta.<ref name="ReferenceA"/><ref name=obit/><ref name="ReferenceB"/> From April 1927 to April 1931 he was the [[commanding officer]] of the [[5th King Edward's Own Probyn's Horse]], and he saw service during the operations on the North West Frontier 1930–1931 as officiating commander, [[1st (Risalpur) Cavalry Brigade]] and was mentioned in despatches in the ''[[London Gazette]]'' 26 June 1931.<ref>January 1931 Indian Army List</ref><ref>April 1932 Indian Army List</ref> He attended the [[Imperial Defence College]] in 1931.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> In January 1932 he became commander of the [[4th (Secunderabad) Cavalry Brigade]]<ref name=obit/> after which, in September 1933, he was made director of Military Operations and Intelligence at Army Headquarters in [[New Delhi]].<ref name=obit/><ref>January 1936 Indian Army List</ref> A brigadier by 1935, he was appointed a companion of the [[Order of the Bath]] (CB) in the [[1936 New Year Honours]] and promoted to major-general on 9 January 1936.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=34238|date=31 December 1935 |page=6|supp=y }}</ref><ref>{{London Gazette|issue=34261|date=3 March 1936|page=1382}}</ref>

He was appointed officiating commander of [[Waziristan]] District from May to December 1937, then formally appointed to command from December 1937 to July 1938, where he was again mentioned in despatches in the ''London Gazette'' 18 February 1938.<ref name="ReferenceB"/><ref>October 1937 Indian Army List</ref> He was appointed commander of [[Rawalpindi]] District in July 1938.<ref>July 1939 Indian Army List</ref>

By the start of the [[Second World War]] he was commander of [[Rawalpindi]] District.<ref name=obit/> On 6 June 1940, he was appointed [[General Officer Commanding]]-in-chief [[Northern Command (India)|Northern Command, India]] and promoted to lieutenant general.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=34878|date=21 June 1940 |page=3785}}</ref><ref>{{London Gazette|issue=35021|date=20 December 1940 |page=7204|supp=y }}</ref> He was promoted to general in the Indian Army on 27 January 1941 and knighted in that year's [[Birthday Honours]] list as a knight commander of the [[Order of the Star of India]] (KCSI).<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=35109|date=14 March 1941 |page=1581|supp=y }}</ref><ref>{{London Gazette|issue=35204|date= 27 June 1941 |page=3736|supp=y }}</ref> In January 1942 he succeeded General Sir [[Archibald Wavell, 1st Earl Wavell|Archibald Wavell]] for a short time as [[Commander-in-Chief, India]].<ref name=obit/> Wavell was reappointed in March 1942 and Hartley was appointed deputy commander in chief.<ref name=obit/> In spring 1942 he was fighting the [[Japan]]ese on the eastern border of India.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101014150723/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,885902,00.html "World Battlefronts: Bitter Blow"]. ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]''. 9 March 1942.</ref> He was appointed [[Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire]] in January 1944.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=36309|page=6|date= 1 January 1944|supp=y}}</ref> He retired 29 February 1944.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=36407|date=3 March 1944 |page=1068}}</ref>

==Family==
In 1914 he married Phillippa, daughter of P. H. Osborne of Australia. She was decorated with the [[Kaisar-i-Hind Medal]] in Gold in 1943.<ref name="ReferenceA"/>

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Bibliography==
*{{cite book| first=Nick| last=Smart| title=Biographical Dictionary of British Generals of the Second World War| isbn=1844150496| year=2005| location=Barnesley| publisher=Pen & Sword}}

==External links==
*[https://generals.dk/general/Hartley/Alan_Fleming/Great_Britain.html Generals of World War II]

{{s-start}}
{{s-mil}}
{{s-bef|before=[[John Coleridge (Indian Army officer)|Sir John Coleridge]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Northern Command (India)|GOC-in-C Northern Command, India]]|years=1940–1942}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Cyril Noyes|Sir Cyril Noyes]]}}
|-
{{succession box|title=[[Commander-in-Chief, India|C-in-C India]]|before=[[Archibald Percival Wavell, 1st Earl Wavell|Sir Archibald Wavell]]|after=[[Archibald Percival Wavell, 1st Earl Wavell|Sir Archibald Wavell]]|years=January–March 1942}}
{{s-end}}

{{Commander-in-Chief, India}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hartley, Alan}}
[[Category:1882 births]]
[[Category:1954 deaths]]
[[Category:Academics of the Staff College, Quetta]]
[[Category:British Indian Army generals]]
[[Category:People educated at Charterhouse School]]
[[Category:Indian Army generals of World War II]]
[[Category:Knights Grand Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire]]
[[Category:Knights Commander of the Order of the Star of India]]
[[Category:Companions of the Order of the Bath]]
[[Category:Companions of the Distinguished Service Order]]
[[Category:Durham Light Infantry officers]]
[[Category:Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst]]
[[Category:Indian Army personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:Alumni of the Royal College of Defence Studies]]
[[Category:Graduates of the Staff College, Quetta]]
[[Category:British Army personnel of the Second Boer War]]
[[Category:Members of the Council of the Governor General of India]]

Alan Hartley - Revision history

Bot at 00:19, 6 October 2022