IgnacioElem3 at 16:07, 23 March 2026

2026-03-23T16:07:57Z

New page

{{Short description|Sultan of Bijapur from 1656 to 1672}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{more footnotes needed|date=February 2018}}
{{more citations needed|date=February 2018}}
}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2019}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Ali Adil Shah II
| title = [[Sultan]]<br>[[Shah]]
| image = Ali Adil Shah II.jpg
| reign = 4 November 1656 – 24 November 1672
| othrtitles =
| full name = Sultan Adil Shah Sani
| predecessor = [[Mohammed Adil Shah, Sultan of Bijapur|Mohammed Adil Shah]]
| successor = [[Sikandar Adil Shah]]
| succession = 8th [[Adil Shahi dynasty|Sultan of Bijapur]]
| spouse = Khurshida Khanum
| issue = [[Shahar Banu Begum]] (Padshah Bibi)<br>Husain<br>[[Sikandar Adil Shah]]
| royal house = [[Adil Shahi|Adil Shahi house]]
| dynasty = [[Adil Shahi|Adil Shahi Empire]]
| father = [[Mohammed Adil Shah, Sultan of Bijapur|Mohammed Adil Shah]]
| mother = [[Khadija Sultana]] of [[Qutb Shahi dynasty|Golconda]]
| birth_place =
| death_date = 24 November 1672
| death_place = [[Adil Shahi|Bijapur]]
| burial_date =
| burial_place = Bara Kaman
| religion = [[Sunni Islam]]<ref name="ReferenceF">Muhammad Qasim [[Firishta]]'s Tarikh-e-Firishta.</ref><ref name="ReferenceA">Busateenus-Salateen a Persian Manuscript of Mirza Ibrahim Zubairi.</ref><ref name="ReferenceC">Mirza Ibrahim Zubairi, Rouzatul Auliya-e-Bijapur.</ref>
}}

'''Ali Adil Shah II''' ({{langx|ur|{{nq|علی عادل شاه دوم}}|translit=ʿAlī ʿĀdil Shāh}}; died 24 November 1672) was the 8th Sultan of [[Adil Shahi dynasty|Bijapur]]. He succeeded to the throne of Bijapur through the efforts of the Prime Minister Khan Muhammad and the Queen, Badi Sahiba, sister of [[Qutb Shahi dynasty|Qutb Shah]] of [[Golkonda]] on the death of [[Mohammed Adil Shah of Bijapur]] on 4 November 1656.

His accession signaled disasters to the Kingdom and his reign marked the decline of the Bijapur Kingdom.

== Reign ==
{{Unreferenced section|date=October 2025}}
[[Shah Jahan]], anxious to annex Bijapur to his empire, found a pretext in the legitimacy of Ali's parents. On [[Aurangzeb]]’s plea, [[Shah Jahan]] sanctioned the invasion of Bijapur and gave him a free hand to deal with the situation. This sanction of such a war was wholly unrighteous. Bijapur was not a vassal state of the [[Mughal Empire|Mughals]], but an independent and equal ally of the Mughal Emperor, and the latter had no lawful right to confirm or question the succession to the [[Bijapur Sultanate]]. However, Aurangzeb had to raise the siege and rush north for the war of succession to the Mughal throne.

With Muhammad's death and Ali's accession, disorder had begun in the [[Karnataka]]. The [[Nayak dynasty|Nayaks]] tried to recover their former lands. ([[Bangalore]], the capital of [[Karnataka]], was Bijapur's administrative headquarters for controlling these feudatories by Kempegouda.) Meanwhile, [[Shivaji]] increased the momentum of acquiring more and more Bijapur territory and carved an independent [[Maratha]] state, while his diplomacy prevented any [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]]-[[Bijapur Sultanate|Bijapur]] coalition against him.

At the court, things were even worse. With the coming of a young and weak ruler, the party factions and struggle for supremacy was at its zenith. To aggravate them, [[Aurangzeb]] intrigued with Bijapur nobles and succeeded in winning over most of them.

Throughout his reign of 16 years, Ali struggled desperately both against the [[Mughal Empire|Mughals]] and the [[Maratha Empire|Maratha]]s. He thrice repulsed Mughal invasions. But when he died in 1672, the Bijapur kingdom was deprived of most of its important territorial possessions. With the expansion of [[Shivaji]]’s kingdom, there was a corresponding shrinkage in the Bijapur territory.

==Literary activity==
The reign of ʿAlī ʿĀdil Shāh II was marked by developments in [[Persian literature|Persian]] and [[Deccani language|Deccani]] literature and fine arts. [[Nusrati]] served as his poet-laureate. A history known as the ''Taʾrīkh-i ʿAlī ʿĀdil Shāh'' by Nūrullāh ibn Qāḍī Sayyid ʿAlī Muḥammad al-Ḥusaynī al-Qadirī was also produced under his patronage.<ref>Charles Rieu, ''Catalogue of the Persian Manuscripts in the British Museum'', volume 1 (London: British Museum, 1879), 318.</ref>

==Tomb==
ʿAlī ʿĀdil Shāh II was buried in Ali Ka Rouza, the well-known [[Bara Kaman]] in Bijapur.

==See also==
*[[Adil Shahi–Portuguese conflicts]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==
{{commons category}}
* Dehlavi, Basheeruddin: ''Wāqīyāt-i mamlakat-i Bījāpūr'', Bangalore (Karnatak Urdu Academy) 2003.
* [[Firishta]], Muḥammad Qāsim Hindū-Shāh Astarābādī: ''History of the Rise of the Mahomedan Power in India, till the Year 1612'', translated by John Briggs, Calcutta (Editions Indian) 1829, rep. 1966.
* Nayeem, Muhammad: ''External Relations of the Bijapur Kingdom'', Hyderabad A.P. (Bright Publishers) 1974.
* Verma, Dinesh Chandra: ''Social, economic, and cultural history of Bijapur'', Delhi (Idarah-i Adabiyat-i Delli) 1990.

{{s-start}}
{{succession box|title=[[List of Adil Shahi Emperors|Adil Shahi Rulers of Bijapur]]|before=[[Mohammed Adil Shah, Sultan of Bijapur|Mohammed Adil Shah]]|after=[[Sikandar Adil Shah]]|years=1656–1672}}
{{s-end}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ali Adil Shah 02}}
[[Category:1672 deaths]]
[[Category:17th-century Indian Muslims]]
[[Category:17th-century Indian monarchs]]
[[Category:Sultans of Bijapur]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]

Ali Adil Shah II - Revision history

IgnacioElem3 at 16:07, 23 March 2026