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{{other people||Ali Zaidi (disambiguation){{!}}Ali Zaidi}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
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{{refimprove|date=April 2017}}[[File:Ali jawad Zaidi.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Jawad Zaidi]]'''Syed Ali Jawad Zaidi''' (10 March 1916 – 6 December 2004) was an Indian [[Urdu]] poet, scholar, and author of over 80 books in several languages.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ali Jawad Zaidi Poetry - Ali Jawad Zaidi Shayari, Urdu Ghazal, Nazam Collection|url=https://www.urdupoint.com/poetry/ali-jawad-zaidi.html|access-date=2021-12-16|website=UrduPoint|language=en}}</ref> He was also an [[Indian independence movement|Indian independence]] activist,<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Milli Gazette|url=https://www.milligazette.com/Archives/2005/01-15Jan05-Print-Edition/011501200548.htm|access-date=2021-12-17|website=www.milligazette.com}}</ref> lawyer and later, a civil servant,<ref>{{Cite web|title=A Tribute to Shri A.J. Zaidi {{!}} India of the Past|url=http://www.indiaofthepast.org/bal-anand/stories-about-men/tribute-shri-aj-zaidi|access-date=2021-12-17|website=www.indiaofthepast.org}}</ref> but is best known for his work in [[Urdu literature]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=OpenLibrary.org|title=Ali Jawad Zaidi|url=https://openlibrary.org/authors/OL3189339A/Ali_Jawad_Zaidi|access-date=2021-12-17|website=Open Library|language=en}}</ref>

He was an authority on [[marsiya]]go poetry of [[Uttar Pradesh]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2008/07/24/stories/2008072450270300.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103201317/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2008/07/24/stories/2008072450270300.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 November 2012 |title=Archive News |date= 24 July 2008|newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=1 December 2016}}</ref> including the poets [[Mir Anis]] and [[Mirza Ghalib]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00ghalib/apparatus/txt_bib_eng.html |title=English bibliography - A Desertful of Roses |publisher=Columbia.edu |access-date=1 December 2016}}</ref> and wrote on both poetry and prose, including research and analytical works.

He has received several awards for his contributions to literature and other fields.

==Early life and education==

Zaidi was born in the village [[Karhan, Uttar Pradesh]], then in [[Azamgarh district]] (now [[Mau district]]) in eastern [[Uttar Pradesh]], the eldest of six children in a [[zamindar]] family of Mohammadabad-Gohna, Azamgarh. He was born at his maternal grandfather's home in Karhan. Belonging to a Saiyid family and being the eldest son in his family, he was sent to the local [[Arabic]] [[madarsa]] to gain education and proficiency in Islamic theology and religious matters.

When Zaidi was 11 years old, his father died. His early formal education took place in [[Mahmudabad, India|Mahmudabad]], the princely state. He then graduated from Government Jubilee College, [[Lucknow]] and an [[LLB]] from [[Lucknow University]]).<ref>{{Cite web|title=A Cyber Joint for Lucknow University Family ..:::..|url=https://www.lucknowuniversity.org/great.php|access-date=2021-12-17|website=www.lucknowuniversity.org}}</ref>

==Indian independence activism==

During his graduation and later while doing his LLB, he came into contact with leaders of the [[Indian independence movement]], which he joined in the late 1930s. He wrote revolutionary poetry while he led the student's movement along with other student leaders such as [[Shankar Dayal Sharma]], who later went on to become the president of India. His poetry drew praise from [[Sarojini Naidu]], and he was subsequently elected as the secretary-general of the All India Student's Federation. He remained the secretary-general of the [[All India Students Federation]] during the [[Quit India Movement]] (1942) launched by [[Mahatma Gandhi]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ghayur|first=Syed Inam ur Rahman|date=2019-10-01|title=Gandhi's actions & reasoning weren't always acceptable, even to his friends|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/opinion/op-ed/011019/gandhis-actions-reasoning-werent-always-acceptable-even-to-hi.html|access-date=2021-12-17|website=Deccan Chronicle|language=en}}</ref>

His poems were proscribed by the British Colonial Government for inciting rebellion against the [[British Raj]]. The British government issued an arrest warrant in order to stop him from organising student rallies and mobilising students against the Raj. He continued his work underground, organising students throughout India. He was later arrested at [[Nagpur]], and was sentenced to jail for anti-British activity and sent to serve his term at the Nagpur Central Prison and later transferred to the [[Varanasi|Benares]] Central Jail.

He was laid to rest at the Malka Jahan burial grounds, Lucknow, India, with full state honours provided to an Indian freedom fighter.

==Government service==

With India's independence, Zaidi ended his active involvement in politics. He joined the Information Department of the [[Government of Uttar Pradesh]] and was a deputy director there until he was inducted into the [[Indian Information Service]] and posted to [[Srinagar]].

Although he had taken up Government Service for a full-time job, and chosen that as a career, he remained active in arts and cultural activities in [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]], organising and conducting the annual Kashmir festival during the summer months. He was appointed as the secretary general of the Society of Arts and Culture, [[Government of Jammu and Kashmir]].

In the early 1960s he was transferred to [[Delhi]] and posted with the [[Press Information Bureau]] in Delhi and [[Mumbai]]. His final posting was in [[Tehran]] and he retired from active Government service as Joint Director, News Services, [[All India Radio]] in August 1978.

Zaidi was a [[secularist]] and [[nationalist]]. He was a member of the [[Inder Kumar Gujral]] Committee for promotion of Urdu.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.education.nic.in/cd50years/u/47/3Y/473Y0201.htm |title=Archived copy |access-date=23 November 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070709091443/http://www.education.nic.in/cd50years/u/47/3Y/473Y0201.htm |archive-date= 9 July 2007 }}</ref>

He also worked as the editor of ''[[Naya Daur (magazine)|Naya Daur]]'', an [[Urdu]] monthly digest, and ''Al-Ilm'', a monthly published from Mumbai. ''Naya Daur'' ran a series on his memoirs on a monthly basis for a time{{when|date=May 2017}}, as well as a special issue in his memory of Ali Jawad Zaidi (Nov/Dec issue, 2004) after his death. He also did some translation work (into English) for the [[Sahitya Akademi]].

He travelled extensively in India and abroad, often working with heads of state and other high-ranking officials.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bal-anand.blogspot.com/ |title=Diplomatic Musings |publisher=Bal-anand.blogspot.com |access-date=1 December 2016}}</ref> He was friends with [[Darshan Singh (Sant Mat)|Darshan Singh]]<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.urdustan.net/2004/11/twentieth-century-urdu-poetry-in.html | title=Urdustan.net}}</ref> of the [[Sawan Kirpal Ruhani Mission]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://skrm.sos.org/main.aspx |title=SOS - Science of Spirituality |publisher=Skrm.sos.org |access-date=1 December 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081223045113/http://skrm.sos.org/main.aspx |archive-date=23 December 2008 }}</ref>

==Writing career==

Throughout his years with the government, Zaidi continued writing.<ref>[http://www.hallagulla.com/urdu/biography-urdu-poets-937/ali-jawad-zaidi-228624.html ]{{dead link|date=December 2016}}</ref> Seven of his books{{which|date=May 2017}} have won State Government Awards{{which|date=May 2017}}. He was the author of over 80 books in Urdu,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Reviving Urdu, once the official language of India|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/magazine/2019/jul/07/reviving-urdu-once-the-official-language-of-india-1999556.html|access-date=2021-12-17|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref> English, [[Hindi]] and [[Persian language|Persian]]. Many of his works are now reference material for research students. He has been the subject of research scholars, and [[Doctor of Philosophy]] degrees have been awarded to four students{{which|date=May 2017}} for research done on his life and works.{{cn|date=May 2017}}

He was president of the [[Uttar Pradesh Urdu Academy]], Lucknow and as the president of the Zainabbiya Institute of Islamic Studies, Mumbai, and was on the board of [[Sahitya Akademi]], New Delhi and the [[Sangeet (music)|Sangeet]] and Natya Akademi, New Delhi and other social, literary and cultural organizations. He was also an advisor to the Government of Uttar Pradesh.

His books are included in the U.S. [[Library of Congress]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://catalog.loc.gov/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?SAB1=Ali+Javad+Zaidi&BOOL1=all+of+these&FLD1=Keyword+Anywhere+%28GKEY%29+%28GKEY%29&GRP1=AND+with+next+set&SAB2=&BOOL2=all+of+these&FLD2=Keyword+Anywhere+%28GKEY%29+%28GKEY%29&PID=16495&SEQ=20071205080232&CNT=25&HIST=1 |title=Library of Congress Online Catalog - Legacy Catalog Retired |publisher=Catalog.loc.gov |date=1 December 2015 |access-date=1 December 2016}}</ref>

Amongst his notable works are ''Qasida Nigaran-e-Uttar Pradesh'' (in 2 Volumes), Uttar Pradesh ke Marsiyago (in 2 Volumes) & Do Adabi School, which have been published in Urdu-speaking Pakistan<ref>{{Cite web|last=Farhan|first=Mohammad|title=Lahore in my heart: Fikr Taunsvi's memoir is an incisive account of the Partition|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/blink/read/lahore-in-my-heart-fikr-taunsvis-memoir-is-an-incisive-account-of-the-partition/article32410769.ece|access-date=2021-12-17|website=@businessline|language=en}}</ref> as well. These books along with his ''History of Urdu Literature''<ref>[http://www.flipkart.com/ali-jawad-zaidi/ ]{{dead link|date=December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://openlibrary.org/a/OL3189339A |title=Ali Jawad Zaidi |publisher=Open Library |access-date=1 December 2016}}</ref> (English),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gmpublications.com/index.php?cPath%3D145 |title=Archived copy |access-date=5 December 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071213033615/http://www.gmpublications.com/index.php?cPath=145 |archive-date=13 December 2007 }}</ref> Mirza Ghalib – Ek Parichay (Hindi), Mir Anis, are unique{{how|date=May 2017}} in their approaches to their subjects.

Zaidi was a member of the progressive [[Urdu literature]] movement,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://seoelitereviews.com/blog/internet-marketing/progressive-writers-movement/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=22 December 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716041332/http://seoelitereviews.com/blog/internet-marketing/progressive-writers-movement/ |archive-date=16 July 2011 }}</ref> other members of which included [[Ali Sardar Jafri]] and [[Kaifi Azmi]]. His poetic contemporaries included [[Majaz]], [[Faiz Ahmed Faiz|Faiz]], and [[Qurratulain Hyder]].

He was also a member of the Committee for Promotion of Urdu (appointed by the Government of India Resolution No. F. 15-25/72-L. 1 dated 5 May 1972)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://education.nic.in/cd50years/u/47/3Y/473Y0201.htm |title=Archived copy |access-date=22 December 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090410122331/http://www.education.nic.in/cd50years/u/47/3Y/473Y0201.htm |archive-date=10 April 2009 }}</ref>

Confined to his home in Lucknow due to poor health and failing eyesight during his last years, he wrote using an [[amanuensis]]. He died on 6 December 2004.<ref>{{cite web|author=The Milli Gazette, OPI, Pharos Media |url=http://www.milligazette.com/Archives/2005/01-15Jan05-Print-Edition/011501200548.htm |title=Obituary, The Milli Gazette, Vol.6 No.01, MG119 (1-15 Jan 05) |publisher=Milligazette.com |date=15 January 2005 |access-date=1 December 2016}}</ref>

==Awards==
The Government of India conferred on him the [[Padma Shri]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Padma Awards {{!}} Interactive Dashboard|url=http://www.dashboard-padmaawards.gov.in/?Year=1988-1988|access-date=2021-12-16|website=www.dashboard-padmaawards.gov.in|language=en}}</ref> in recognition of his contributions to [[Urdu literature]].<ref name="indianmuslims1">{{cite web|url=http://www.indianmuslims.info/people/list_of_padma_awardees.html |title=This website is for sale! - indianmuslims Resources and Information |publisher=Indianmuslims.info |access-date=1 December 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821072941/http://www.indianmuslims.info/people/list_of_padma_awardees.html |archive-date=21 August 2016 }}</ref> (1988),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://india.gov.in/myindia/advsearch_awards.php |title=Archived copy |access-date=21 April 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090131221505/http://india.gov.in/myindia/advsearch_awards.php |archive-date=31 January 2009 }}</ref><ref name="indianmuslims1"/> He also received a Tamra Patra award for his role in the freedom movement, and the Ghalib award<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ghalibinstitute.com/awards.htm |title=Archived copy |access-date=5 August 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020122828/http://www.ghalibinstitute.com/awards.htm |archive-date=20 October 2013 }}</ref>

Other awards included:
* Anis Award in recognition of Expertise on Mir Anis
* Ghalib Award in recognition of Expertise on Mirza Ghalib
* Certificate of Honour presented by The Rotary Club, Lucknow
* Awards presented to his various books by Governments and Literary Organizations are marked in the list of his books below.
In 1987, Zaidi asked government bodies and literary organizations not to consider his works for awards.{{cn|date=May 2017}}

The Jawad Memorial Prize<ref>{{Cite web|title=Award Winners {{!}} AJZ|url=https://www.alijawadzaidi.com/award-winners|access-date=2021-12-16|website=ali-jawad-zaidi|language=en}}</ref> was instituted in his remembrance in 2019 for awarding outstanding translations of Urdu works to English.

==List of published books==
{{cleanup|section|reason=replace numbered list, spaces and html tags with table|date=May 2017}}
''(Books marked by an ‘*’ are award-winning books) authored by Saiyid Ali Jawad Zaidi''
#Meri Gazalain 1959 * Poetry
#Teesha-e-Awaaz 1985 Poetry
#Uttar Pradesh Ke Marsiyago Research
#Do Adbi School 1970 * Critical Analysis
#Naath Nigari Uttar Pradesh mein Research & analysis
#Zabt Shuda Nazmein Collection of Proscribed Poems
#Urdu Main Qaumi Shairi Ke Sau Saal 1957 Criticism & analysis
#History of Urdu Literature 1993 Research & Analysis<ref>{{Cite book|title=A History of Urdu Literature|isbn=8172012918|last1=Zaidī|first1=ʻalī Javād|last2=Zaidi|first2=Ali Jawad|year=1993}}</ref>
#Mir Anis (Tr. English) 1986 Biography
#Rang-e-sang 1944 Poetry
#Dayar-e-Sahar 1960 Poetry
#Naseem-e-Dasht-e-Arzoo 1980 * Poetry
#Inteqhab Ali Jawad Zaidi 1971 Poetry
#Silsila (Inteqhab) 1990 Poetry
#Warq Warq Zanjeer 1990 Poetry
#Dhoop Chaaon 1994 Poetry
#Urdu Main Shairi Ke Sau Saal (Muqqadame ke saath) 1981 Criticism & analysis
#Hamari Quami Shairi Criticism & analysis
#Taamiri Adab 1959 * Criticism & analysis
#Anwaar-e-Abu Al Kalaam 1959
#Hindustan Mein Islami Uloom Ke Marakaz 1972
#Fikr-o-Riyaz 1975 * Collection of Muqalaat
#Tareekh-e-Adab Urdu Ki Tadween 1976 Research
#Qasida Nigaran-e-Uttar Pradesh 1978 Research
#Tarrek Adab Ki Tadween (Vol II) 1983 Research
#Do Aadabi Ischool (Revised Edition) 1980 Critical Analysis
#Qasida Nigaran-e-Uttar Pradesh (Vol II) 1983 Research & analysis
#Masnavi Nigari 1985 Research & analysis
#Diwan-e-Ghani 1964 Research & analysis
#Zikr-o-Fikr Ghani 1966 Silsila Muqalaat
#Nasr Nigari Uttar Pradesh Mein Research & analysis
#Do aadabi Ischool (Pakistan edition) 1988 Critical Analysis
#Hindustan Mein Arabi Ki Taweej Research & analysis
#Kamal-e-Abu Kalam 1989 Collection of articles
#Mir Anis (Hindi) Biography
#Ghalib – Ek Parichay (Hindi) 1969 Biography
#Tareek-e-Mushaira<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dawn.com/2008/11/18/fea.htm |title=DAWN - Features; November 18, 2008 - Newspaper |work=Dawn|location=Pakistan |date=18 November 2008 |access-date=1 December 2016}}</ref> 1992 Research
#Malik Ram Ek Mutaalah 1987 Biography
#Islami Taraqqi Pasandi<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.zaidifoundation.info/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=22 December 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722012546/http://www.zaidifoundation.info/ |archive-date=22 July 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://vicepresidentofindia.nic.in/photo70.asp |title=Archived copy |access-date=22 December 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090409231043/http://vicepresidentofindia.nic.in/photo70.asp |archive-date= 9 April 2009 }}</ref>
#Dehalvi Marsiyago – Vol I 1982 * Research & Analysis
#Dehalvi Marsiyago – Vol II 1987 * Research & Analysis
#Anis Ke Salaam 1981 Collection
#Rubiyaat-e-Anis 1985 Collection<ref>{{Cite web|last=Parekh|first=Rauf|date=2014-11-03|title=LITERARY NOTES: World's shortest poem and the art of quatrain|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1142048|access-date=2021-12-16|website=DAWN.COM|language=en}}</ref>
#Mir Anis<ref>{{Cite book | url=http://www.biblio.com/books/102909917.html | title=Mir Anis}}</ref> 1991 Collection & Short biography
#Jadeed Marsiye Ka Baani – Mir Zamir Laknawi
#Adbiyaat Kashmiri 1994
#Mahatma Gandhi (Urdu) 1986 Translation from English
#Diwan Shams Tabraizi Ki Seer (Urdu) Translation from Persian
#Islami Para Para
#Aap Se Miliye 1963 * Sketches
#Humsaaya 1985 Sketches
#Hum Qaabila 1990 Sketches
#Ehl-e-Qaabila Sketches
#Yaadon Ke Rahguzar Memoirs
#Nazr Collection of articles
#Inteqaab-e-Rind, Anthology 1983
#Payaam-e-Aazadi 1947
#Naghma-e-aazadi (Urdu) 1957 Collection of Poems
#Naghma-e-aazadi (Hindi) 1957 Collection of Poems
#Zaidi ke Tafsare Collection
#Zaidi Ke Muqadmaat Collection
#An Experiment in Communication Planning 1970 Research & Analysis
#Lucknow ka dabistan-e-shairi, Urdu Markaz, 1971
#Urdu mein Ram Kathan (Research)<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-09-24|title=The Ballad of Ram-e-Hind: Revisiting the Urdu versions of Ramayana that once lit up the stage|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/art-and-culture/the-ballad-of-ram-e-hind-revisiting-the-urdu-versions-of-ramayana-that-once-lit-up-the-stage-4858217/|access-date=2021-12-16|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref>
#Annotations to Gani Kashmiri's poetry collection (Complied by Amin Daraab Kashmiri); J&K Academy of art, culture & languages<ref>{{Cite web|title=Gani Kashmiri's memory relived; large library opened in his house - Scoop News Jammu Kashmir|url=https://www.scoopnews.in/det.aspx?q=14319|access-date=2021-12-16|website=www.scoopnews.in}}</ref>
#Human Interest Stories 1970
#Malik Ram Felicitation Volume 1972
#The Prophet's Daughter Historical Research (Ready but Unpublished)
#Urdu Press in Bihar & Bengal 1978 Research & Analysis
#Mortality & Growth in Urdu Press 1978 Research & Analysis
#All India Students Conference, Golden Jubilee Celebrations 1986
#A Short History of Student Movement Historical Research
#Paro 2005 Long Poem Published by Anwar Zaidi's efforts<ref>{{Cite web|title=Events {{!}} Former Vice President of India {{!}} Government of India|url=https://mhamidansari.nic.in/events?field_date_value%5Bvalue%5D=&field_date_value_1%5Bvalue%5D=&page=199|access-date=2021-12-16|website=mhamidansari.nic.in}}</ref>
#Annual Report (1961–62) J&K, Academy of Arts, Culture & Languages 1962 Report
#Report of the I K Gujral Committee for the Promotion of Urdu (In 2 Vols.) 1975 Report

Zaidi himself has been the subject of research in several publications:

# Ali Jawad Zaidi, by Saikh Abdur Rehman, 1999<ref>{{Cite web|title=ali jawad zaidi|url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebook-detail/ali-jawad-zaidi-hayat-shakhsiyat-aur-fun-shaikh-abdur-rahman-ebooks|access-date=2021-12-16|website=Rekhta|language=en}}</ref>
# Ali Jawad Zaidi, Hindustan Adab ke Mehmur, Sahitya Acedemy, by Wazahat Hussain Rizvi, 2012<ref>{{Cite web|title=ali jawwad zaidi|url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebook-detail/ali-jawwad-zaidi-hindustani-adab-ke-memar-wazahat-husain-rizvi-ebooks-2|access-date=2021-12-16|website=Rekhta|language=en}}</ref>
# Naya Daur, Shumara Number-008,009, by Wazahat Hussain Rizvi<ref>{{Cite web|title=Naya Daur, Lucknow|url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebook-detail/naya-daur-lucknow-shumara-number-008-009-wazahat-husain-rizvi-magazines|access-date=2021-12-16|website=Rekhta|language=en}}</ref>
# Ali jawad Zaidi aur sheeraza Kashmir (research), presented at Ali Jawad Zaidi - Fun aur shakshiyat; by Dr. Mohd. Rashid Azeez

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* https://www.scribd.com/document/231817656/App-Say-Miley-Pensketches-Ali-Jawad-Zaidi-Dehli-1963 (By Rashid Ashraf)

Internet searches should also include "Ali Javad Zaidi" as some people mistakenly spell the Jawad as Javad.
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Zaidi, Ali Jawad}}
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in literature & education]]
[[Category:People from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:People from Mau]]
[[Category:University of Lucknow alumni]]
[[Category:Indian Muslims]]
[[Category:1916 births]]
[[Category:2004 deaths]]

Ali Jawad Zaidi - Revision history

->WikiCleanerBot at 19:37, 29 December 2021