>Monkbot at 17:38, 12 January 2021

2021-01-12T17:38:04Z

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{{Infobox settlement
| official_name = Ambegaon
| headquarters = Tehsil- Ghodegaon
| map = Ambegaon tehsil in Pune district.png
| native_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Taluka
| motto =
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| image_map = Ambegaon tehsil in Pune district.png
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| pushpin_map = India Maharashtra
| pushpin_label_position = bottom
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| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Maharashtra]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Pune district]]
| government_footnotes =
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| leader_title = MLA
| leader_name = Dilip Walse Patil
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| unit_pref = Imperial
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| timezone = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset = +5:30
| coordinates = {{coord|19|2|5|N|73|50|11|E|display=inline,title}}
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| postal_code_type = Post code
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'''Ambegaon taluka''' is a [[taluka]] in [[Talukas in Pune district#Haveli|Shirur subdivision]] of [[Pune district]] of state of [[Maharashtra]] in [[India]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Talukas in Pune district|url=http://pune.gov.in/maps/tahsilmaps.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100310230609/http://pune.gov.in/maps/tahsilmaps.html|archive-date=10 March 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> One of the twelve most revered Shiva temples or [[Jyotirlinga]], the [[Bhimashankar|Bhimashankar Temple]] is in this taluka.

==Geography==
The Taluka lies at the foothills of eastern side of the [[Sahyadri]] Mountain range, and towards the west side of [[Pune]] city. The taluka's administrative limits are from the cities of Bhimashankar in North to Loni in its South and from Peth in East to Kalamb in its West direction. This taluka is geographically divided in two parts due to the patterns of rainfall. The northern region gets far less rainfall than mountainous southern side of the taluka. The rivers Meena, Ghodnadi and Vellnadi flow through the area.

===2014 Malin landslide===
In 2014, a serious mudslide around the village of [[2014 Malin landslide|Malin]] killed around 200 people. The landslides were caused by heavy rainfall that began a day prior, with the village receiving {{convert|10.8|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} of rain on 29 July of that year and the downpour continuing throughout the following day. The environmental factors that resulted in the landslide is believed to have had more than one cause. One major cause was negligence of geological facts of the area before any construction or civil developmental process. Another cause cited for contributing to the landslide was rapid deforestation in the area.<ref name=usn>{{cite web | url=https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2014/07/30/landslide-hits-indian-village-150-may-be-trapped | title=Rain-triggered landslide buries homes in remote Indian village, killing at least 17 | work=US News & World Report | date=30 July 2014 | access-date=30 July 2014 | author=AP | author-link=Associated Press }}</ref> [[Deforestation]] removes not only trees, but also root structures that hold together the soil.{{Citation needed|date=December 2019|reason=removed citation to predatory publisher content}} Through deforestation, the soil of the surrounding land was made soft, and experts argue that deforestation was the primary underlying [[Human impact on the environment|anthropogenic]] cause of the landslide.<ref>{{Cite web
| url = http://www.firstpost.com/india/truth-behind-pune-village-landslide-deforestation-for-a-govt-scheme-1642715.html
| title = The real reason for Pune village landslide: Forest was cleared for a govt scheme
| website = Firstpost
| language = en-US
| access-date = 2016-03-01
}}</ref> One additional reason was changing agricultural practices{{spaced ndash}} villagers had then recently shifted from cultivation of rice and [[finger millet]] to wheat, which required leveling of steep areas, which contributed to instability of the hills. Also the construction of the [[Dimbhe Dam]] ten years ago near this area was considered as a contributing factor. The instability of the hillsides was due to the construction activities, which are often done without careful analysis of environmental consequences.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Mazoomdaar|first1=Jay|title=Is India's construction boom behind Pune village landslide?|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-28579668?ocid=socialflow_twitter|access-date=1 August 2014|agency=BBC News|publisher=BBC|date=31 July 2014}}</ref> Stone [[quarry]]ing, among other types of construction, was specifically blamed for the instability of the hillside.<ref>{{cite news|title=Indian media: Deforestation behind deadly Pune landslide|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-28578939|access-date=1 August 2014|agency=BBC News|publisher=BBC|date=31 July 2014}}</ref>

===Flora and fauna===
Deciduous Forests cover area around [[Bhimashankar]]. The Forests in the area have trees like [[Teak]], [[Oak]], [[Mango]]. The forest inhabits animals like Rabbit, Deer, Wolf, Fox, Tiger and Leopards. Birds found in the area include Peacock, [[Bulbul]], and Parrot. [[Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary]] was created in the area in order to protect the habitat of the [[Indian giant squirrel|Indian Giant Squirrel]]. Its area is {{Convert|131|km2|mi2|abbr=on}} and is a part of the [[Western Ghats]] (Sahyadri Ranges). This sanctuary was created in 1984 and includes 9 tribal villages. This area's biodiversity has been retained as it will be preserved as a cluster of [[Sacred groves of India|sacred groves]] for generations.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Deo|first1=Sharmila|title=The Environment Education Programme in Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary|url=https://kalpavriksh.org/our-work/environment-education/locale-specific-education-programmes/|publisher=Kalpavriksh Environmental Action Group}}</ref> These sacred groves act as gene pools of this area, from where seeds were dispersed. Inside the Ahupe village's sacred grove in the sanctuary (where a tribe of [[Mahadev Koli]] resides) in 1984, a climber plant called Khombhal or Xantolis tomentosa was found to be 800–1000 years old.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aseanbiodiversity.info/scripts/count_article.asp?Article_code=52001776 |title=Guardians of the Forest |last1=Karnik |first1=Kusum |date=2003-02-21 |publisher=Shaswat Trust |work=aseanbiodiversity.info |access-date=2011-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303170956/http://www.aseanbiodiversity.info/scripts/count_article.asp?Article_code=52001776 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Demographics==
According to the census conducted in 1991, the taluka had a population of 186809. The taluka has 142 villages from which the two towns of [[Manchar]] and [[Ghodegaon]] have a sizable population.

==Economy==
Agriculture is the main occupation of this region. Rivers like Ghod and Dhimbe provide water for cultivation. Dhimbe dam allows irrigation for cash crops. The most commonly grown crop is millet and vegetables like Potato are commonly grown too. In northern region, wheat, Jawari (also known as Durra) and Bajari (Pearl millet) are most commonly grown crops whereas in southern region rice is grown. Tomato and fruits like Grapes and Banana are also grown. The cultivated area of the taluka is approximately 87851 hectares. Significant crops are in the table below:
{| class="wikitable sortable plainlinks" border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=4
|-
! '''[[Crop]]'''
!Area Under Cultivation (Hectares)
|-
|Kharip ([[Monsoon]]) Potato
|2500
|-
|Potato
|3000
|-
|Tomato
|7500
|-
|Bajari
|1000
|-
|Peanuts
|1200
|-
|Rabbi (Winter) Onion
|1200
|-
|Grapes
|50

|-
|. Sugarcane as major crop in eastern part of the taluka.
|-
|}

Oil pressing (extracting) plants & refineries are also found in the region. Recently a new sugar factory has been constructed named as Bhimashankar sakhar karkhana. The taluka also has a sizeable dairy industry. There are 197 organisations in the area related to milk production.

===Transport===
National Highway no. 50 linking the cities of Pune and Nasik goes through the taluka. There is also a State Highway linking cities of Shirur to Bhimashankar via Manchar. At present there are no rail links in the taluka.

==Education==

===Primary and secondary education===
State Primary Schools in the Taluka are run by the [[District Councils of India|Zila parishad]]. Private schools along with secondary schools in the taluka are run by charitable trusts. All schools are required to undergo mandatory inspection by the Zila parishad.<ref>Joshi, R., Regulatory Requirements for Starting a School in Poona.Centre for Civil Society, CCS RESEARCH INTERNSHIP PAPERS 2004 [http://ccsindia.org/internship_papers/2004/34.%20School%20licensing%20Pune_Radhika.pdf]</ref> Mode of instruction is either in [[Marathi language|Marathi]] or English. The secondary schools are affiliated with either of the boards, the [[Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations]] (CISCE), the [[Central Board of Secondary Education|Central Board for Secondary Education (CBSE)]], the [[National Institute of Open Schooling|National Institute of Open School (NIOS)]] or the [[Maharashtra State Board of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education]]. Under the [[10+2+3 plan]], after completing secondary school, students typically enroll for two years in a [[junior college]], also known as pre-university, or in schools with a higher secondary facility affiliated with the [[Maharashtra State Board of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education]] or any central board. The taluka has 2 High schools, 23 Central Schools, 222 Primary Schools, 5 Ashram-run schools and 74 pre-school nurseries run by the Zila Parishad. Reputed schools in the taluka are Mahatma Gandhi Junior College of Science in the town of Manchar and Janta Vidya Mandir in [[Ghodegaon]].

===Vocational Training===
The town of Ghodegaon has a post Secondary School [[Industrial training institute]]s (ITI) run by the government that offer vocational training in numerous trades such as construction, plumbing, welding, automobile mechanics, etc. Successful candidates receive the National Trade Certificate.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Campbell|first1=James (editor)|last2=Melsens|first2=S|last3=Mangaonkar - Vaiude|first3=P|last4=Bertels|first4=Inge (Authors)|title=Building Histories: the Proceedings of the Fourth Annual Construction History Society Conference|date=2017|publisher=The Construction History Society|location=Cambridge UK|isbn=978-0992875138|pages=27–38|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=93kkDwAAQBAJ&q=pune&pg=PA27|access-date=3 October 2017}}</ref>

===Higher Education===
[[Annasaheb Awate Arts, Commerce & Hutatma Babu Genu Science College|Annasaheb Awate college]] run by the [[Rayat Shikshan Sanstha]] in Manchar is the only institution that offers Degree and Masters level courses in the Taluka. The college is affiliated to the Savitribai Phule Pune University. Institutes for Higher Technical Education in Ambegaon, are the Government Polytechnic College in Awasari, the Government College of Engineering & Research in Awasari Kd, and Dattatray Govindrao Walase Patil College for Higher Education run by the Bhimashankar Shikshan Sanstha in Pargaon (Shingave).

==Culture==
[[File:Bailgada manchar.png|thumb|right|Bullock cart race at a festival in Manchar]]

[[Ganesh Chaturthi|Ganesh Utsav]], [[Navaratri|Navratri]], and many such auspicious festivals are also celebrated here with great enthusiasm. Janta Utsav is one of the unique festivals of this region where functions like yatra, [[wrestling]], tamasha and numerous religious programmes are held by various [[Mandals]]. Bullock-cart races are an inseparable part of this taluka which is also very prominent throughout Maharashtra.

==Hindu Temples and places of pilgrimage in the region==
[[File:BhimaShankar - panoramio (11).jpg|thumb|right|Bhimashankar Temple, one of the twelve holiest [[Jyotirlinga]] Temples]]

*[[Bhimashankar]]
*Kulswami Khanderaiya
*Loni
*Dhamni
*Bhargarvrao Valti
*Narsingh Devalay
*Ram Mandir (Ranjani)
*Velleshawar Mahadev Devsthan (Kurwandi)
*Aaradhya Devat Shree Ram Mandir Pimplegaon (Khadki)
*Sant Dnyaneshwar Temple (Chas)
*Tapneshwar Mahadev (Manchar)
*Gorakshnath Mandir (Avsari Phata)
*Bhairavnath Devsthan (Avsari)
*Harishchandra Mandir Ghodegaon
*Ashtavinayak Ardhpeeth Vadgaon Kashimbeg
*Rameshwar Mahadev Pandavkalin Babruvahanhi Mandir Manipur (Manchar)
*Mahadev Dongar (Kadewadi, Chas)
*Ghodnadi Source, (Ahupe)
*Ranjan khalge and film shooting spot (Chas)
*Shamadhar Parvat Eklahare
*Kamaljadevi Mandir (Kalamb)
*Shree Vakeshwar Mandir (Peth)
*Sauranginath suvar parvat Bhavandi
*Kamaljadevi Shaktipeeth (Bhimashankar)
*Bhairavnath Mandir (Landewadi)
*Datta Mandir (Shinoli)
*Pach Pir (Vadgaon)
*Ram Mandir (Ambegaon Gavthan)
*Ahilyabai Holkar Fort (Vafgaon)
*Telecommunication Center, Narodi (Shiva mandir, Vishnu temple), Holkar Wada and Temple
*Jogeshwari Well commissioned by [[Ahilyabai Holkar]] (Khadki)
*Thapling (Shri Khanderaya Temple) (Nagapur)
*Shree Kulswami Khanderaya Temple (peth, Khandobamal)

==Places of Historical Importance and Recreation==
*Dhimbhe Dam and Water power project.
*Peth Avasari Ghat. Huge walls and entry Gate of Holkars Period.

==See also==
*[[Talukas in Pune district]]
*[[2014 Malin landslide]], which occurred in the village of Malin in Ambegaon taluka
*[http://ambegaon.com ambegaon.com]
*https://web.archive.org/web/20150402165555/http://www.shinoli.com/
*http://www.ambegaon.com

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Talukas in Pune district}}

[[Category:Talukas in Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Talukas in Pune district]]

Ambegaon taluka - Revision history

>Monkbot at 17:38, 12 January 2021