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{{Short description|Indian Gujarati-language critic and editor (1912-1988)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Anantrai Manishankar Raval
| image = AnantraiRavalPic.jpg
| alt = 
| caption =
| birth_name = 
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1912|01|01}}
| birth_place = [[Amreli]], [[Bombay Presidency]], [[British India]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1988|11|18|1912|01|01}}
| death_place =
| other_names =
| occupation =
| years_active =
| known_for =
| notable_works =
| awards = {{Plainlist|
* [[Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak]] (1955)
* [[Narmad Suvarna Chandrak]] (1970–74)
* [[Sahitya Akademi Award]] (1974)
}}
}}
'''Anantrai Manishankar Raval''' (1 January 1912 – 18 November 1988) was a [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] critic and editor from India. Born and studied in [[Amreli]], he worked briefly with a daily. He taught at several colleges before joining government as a director of language department. He wrote criticism chiefly under the pen name ''Shaunak'' and edited several works of Gujarati literature and litterateurs.

==Life==
Anantrai Raval was born on 1 January 1912 at [[Amreli]] in [[Gujarat]]. He was a native of [[Vallabhipur]]. He completed his primary and secondary education from Amreli. He passed [[matriculation]] in 1928. He completed Bachelor of Arts in Gujarati and Sanskrit from [[Samaldas College]], [[Bhavnagar]] and was a fellow of same college for two years. He completed Master of Arts with Gujarati and English in 1934 and was the first student in the [[University of Bombay]] to pass it with first class.<ref name=mm>{{cite book|title=Maharashtra State Gazetteers: General Series|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LZBTAAAAYAAJ|year=1971|publisher=Directorate of Government Print., Stationery and Publications|pages=380–381}}</ref> He worked as a subeditor with ''Hindustan Prajamitra'' daily for three months. Raval joined [[Gujarat College]] in Ahmedabad in August, 1934 and served as a principal of D. K. V. College, [[Jamnagar]] for one and half years. He served as Director of Language Department of [[Government of Gujarat]] for a decade and retired from the post in 1970. He was later appointed a professor of Gujarati in School of Languages and Literature, [[Gujarat University]]. He retired as the president of it in 1977. He served as a member of Law Commission of Government of Gujarat. He presided over the convention of [[Gujarati Sahitya Parishad]] at [[Vadodara]] in 1979. He died on 18 November 1988.<ref name=mm/><ref name=gsp>{{cite web|url=http://www.gujaratisahityaparishad.com/prakashan/sarjako/savishesh/Savishesh-Anantrai-Raval.html|title =રાવળ અનંતરાય મણિશંકર|work =[[Gujarati Sahitya Parishad]] |accessdate =11 October 2014|language =Gujarati}}</ref><ref name="ChokshiTrivedi1991">{{cite book|author1=U. M. Chokshi|author2=M. R. Trivedi|title=Gujarat State Gazetteer|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wKLiAAAAMAAJ|year=1991|publisher=Director, Government Print., Stationery and Publications, Gujarat State|page=408}}</ref>

==Works==
His chief contributions are in the field of criticism and editing. His pen name was '''Shaunak'''.<ref name=gsp/>

===Criticism ===
''Sahityavihar'' (1946) was his first collection of criticism. His other works of criticism are ''Gandhakshat'' (1949), ''Sahityavivek'' (1958), ''Sahityanikash'' (1958), ''Samiksha'' (1962), ''Samalochna'' (1966), ''Granthastha Vabgmai'' (1967), ''Upchay'' (1971), ''Unmilan'' (1974). ''Kavivarya Nhanalal'' (1985) is his study of works of [[Nanalal Dalpatram Kavi]]. His ''Gujarati Sahitya: Madhyakalin'' is a major work of criticism of medieval literature and litterateurs. ''Taratamya'' (1971) is a work of literary criticism. He edited collection of plays of Gujarati playwright, Batubhai Umarvadiya, as ''Batubhai na Natako'' (1951).<ref name=gsp/><ref name="Lal2006">{{cite book|author=Mohan Lal|title=The Encyclopaedia Of Indian Literature (Volume Five (Sasay To Zorgot)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KnPoYxrRfc0C&pg=PA4304|volume=5|date=1 January 2006|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|isbn=978-81-260-1221-3|page=4304}}</ref><ref name="Das1991">{{cite book|author=Sisir Kumar Das|title=History of Indian Literature: 1911-1956, struggle for freedom : triumph and tragedy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sqBjpV9OzcsC&pg=PA803|year=1991|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|isbn=978-81-7201-798-9|page=803}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Politics and the Novel in India| date=1975 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AQ9z_P1-lXEC&pg=PA120|publisher=Orient Blackswan|page=120}}</ref>

===Editing===
He edited works of many Gujarati litterateurs, ''[[Damodar Botadkar|Botadkar]] ni Kavyasarita'' (1956), ''Nhanalal no Madhukosh'' (1959), ''[[Nalakhyan]]'' (1960), ''Gujarat no Ekakisangrah'' (1960), ''Snehmudra'' (1960), ''Madanmohna'' (1966), ''[[Kalapi]] no Kavyakalap'', ''Chunilal V. Shah ni Shreshtha Vartao''. He coedited ''[[Buddhiprakash]] Lekhsangrah'', [[Premanand Bhatt]]'s ''Chandrahasakhyan'', ''[[Ramanlal Desai]] ni Shreshtha Vartao'', ''Kavishri Nhanalal Smarakgranth'', ''[[Mansukhlal Zaveri]] ni Kavyasushma'', ''Karsandas Manek ni Akshar Aradhna'', ''[[Kaka Kalelkar|Kalelkar]] Adhyayan Granth'', ''Sarkari Vachanmala'' 1–4, ''D.B. Narmadashankar Mehta Samarakgranth''. In 1981, he edited ''Sahityacharcha'' for [[Sahitya Akademi]]. He edited ''[[Narsinh Mehta]] na Pado'' in 1984. He coedited the fourth volume of ''Gujarati Sahitya no Itihas'' (History of [[Gujarati literature]]) with [[Umashankar Joshi]], published by [[Gujarati Sahitya Parishad]].<ref name=gsp/>

===Other===
Raval abridged [[Ramanlal Desai]]'s ''Gramlakshmi''. He translated novellas of [[Leo Tolstoy]] with [[Vishwanath Bhatt]]. He also coauthored ''Aaharvigyan'' with J. D. Pathak. He wrote some stories for ''Chaa Ghar'' (Tea House, 1944).<ref name=gsp/>

==Awards==
Raval received [[Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak]] in 1955. He also received [[Narmad Suvarna Chandrak]] in 1974. He was awarded [[Sahitya Akademi Award]] for ''Taratamya'' in 1974.<ref name=gsp/><ref name="Lal2006"/><ref name="Akademi1990">{{cite book|author=Sahitya Akademi|title=Sahitya Akademi awards: books and writers : 1955-1978|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FkkOAQAAMAAJ|year=1990|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|isbn=978-81-7201-014-0|page=123}}</ref>

== See also ==
{{Portal|Biography|India|Literature}}
* [[List of Gujarati-language writers]]

==References ==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading ==
* {{cite book|author=Anantrai Manishankar Raval|title=Gujarātī sāhitya: madhyakālīna|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eifF6odN1LoC|year=1976|publisher=Mêkmilana}}

==External links==
* {{Gbooks-author|Anantrai Manishankar Raval}}
* {{Gujarati Vishwakosh}}

{{Sahitya Akademi Award for Gujarati}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Raval, Anantrai}}
[[Category:1912 births]]
[[Category:1988 deaths]]
[[Category:Gujarati-language Indian writers]]
[[Category:Indian literary critics]]
[[Category:Indian editors]]
[[Category:People from Amreli district]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Gujarati]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian writers]]
[[Category:Journalists from Gujarat]]
[[Category:Indian male journalists]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male writers]]
[[Category:Presidents of the Gujarati Sahitya Parishad]]
[[Category:Indian literary historians]]

Anantrai Raval - Revision history

Akash Arora at 05:29, 6 February 2026