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The '''Ancient Science and Technology ''' of the [[Meitei ethnicity]] describes scientific knowledge, practices, devices and technologies, invented or used in [[Ancient Manipur]] ([[Antique Kangleipak]]). The [[Meitei ethnicity]] invented and used many simple machines. They also invented many advanced scientific methods in the field of medicine, astronomy. Most of the ancient knowledge are recorded in the manuscripts, which are popularly known as the [[Puya (Meitei texts)]].<ref>http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=education.Science_and_Technology.Scientific_Knowledge_as_Reflected_in_the_Manipuri_Manuscript_By_N_Debendra</ref><ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=UZbgAAAAMAAJ&q=meitei+architecture&dq=meitei+architecture&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj46Pq677zvAhXHb30KHffFA7gQ6AEwB3oECAkQAw</ref>

==Astronomy==
The Ancient Meitei astronomers had developed the knowledge of the [[planet]]s, [[star]]s and other [[heavenly bodies]]. They believed in the nine planets, which includes the [[sun]] and the [[moon]], and excludes the [[Earth]] and [[Pluto]].
===Nine planet system===
{| class="wikitable"
!Sl. No.
![[Ancient Meitei language|Ancient Meitei]]
!Latin-Roman transliteration
![[Meitei language|Modern Meitei]]
!Latin-Roman transliteration
!Literal meaning
![[English]] translation
|-
!1
!ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯥꯢꯆꯤꯡ ꯊꯄꯤ
!Nongmaiching Thapee
!ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯥꯢꯖꯤꯡ
!Nongmaijing Thabee
!Sunday planet
![[Sun]]
|-
!2
!ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯀꯥꯄ ꯊꯄꯤ
!Ningthoukaapa Thapee
!ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯀꯥꯕ ꯊꯕꯤ
!Ningthoukaaba Thabee
!Monday planet
![[Moon]]
|-
!3
!ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯄꯣꯛꯄ ꯊꯄꯤ
!Leipaakpokpa Thapee
!ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛꯄꯣꯛꯄ ꯊꯕꯤ
!Leibaakpokpa Thabee
!Tuesday planet
![[Mars]]
|-
!4
!ꯌꯨꯝꯁꯥꯀꯩꯁꯥ ꯊꯄꯤ
!Yumsakeisa Thapee
!ꯌꯨꯝꯁꯀꯩꯁ ꯊꯕꯤ
!Yumsakeisa Thabee
!Wednesday planet
![[Mercury]]
|-
!5
!ꯁꯥꯀꯣꯜꯁꯦꯟ ꯊꯄꯤ
!Sakolsen Thapee
!ꯁꯒꯣꯜꯁꯦꯟ ꯊꯕꯤ
!Sagolsen Thabee
!Thursday planet
![[Jupiter]]
|-
!6
!ꯏꯂꯥꯢ ꯊꯄꯤ
!Eelai Thapee
!ꯏꯔꯥꯢ ꯊꯕꯤ
!Eerai Thabee
!Friday planet
![[Venus]]
|-
!7
!ꯊꯥꯡꯆ ꯊꯄꯤ
!Thaangcha Thapee
!ꯊꯥꯡꯖ ꯊꯕꯤ
!Thaangja Thabee
!Saturday planet
![[Saturn]]
|-
!8
!ꯁꯥꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯄꯤ
!Shaakok Thapee
!ꯁꯥꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯕꯤ
!Shaakok Thabee
!Head of [[Taoroinai]] dragon
![[Uranus]]
|-
!9
!ꯁꯥꯃꯩ ꯊꯄꯤ
!Shaamei Thapee
!ꯁꯥꯃꯩ ꯊꯕꯤ
!Shaamei Thabee
!Tail of [[Taoroinai]] dragon
![[Neptune]]
|}

==Medicine==
===Hidaklon===
The '''"Hidaklon"''' is an early work on the various [[medicine|medicinal]] [[herbs]] and their usage of curing the [[illness|ailment]]s.<ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=noCHVvu0P8oC&pg=PA354&lpg=PA354&dq=hidaklon&source=bl&ots=IFhj-UwcA1&sig=ACfU3U202HGRvLmO3n737xUMSJNNEEHrTQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwja0puvqcjvAhWO8XMBHdO7D0EQ6AEwDXoECAoQAg#v=onepage&q=hidaklon&f=false</ref>

===Leiron===
The '''"Leiron"''' is an old work on the different species of flowering plants ([[angiosperm]]s).<ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=noCHVvu0P8oC&pg=PA354&lpg=PA354&dq=hidaklon&source=bl&ots=IFhj-UwcA1&sig=ACfU3U202HGRvLmO3n737xUMSJNNEEHrTQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwja0puvqcjvAhWO8XMBHdO7D0EQ6AEwDXoECAoQAg#v=onepage&q=Leiron%20flower%20language&f=false</ref>

==Technology==
===Metallurgy===
The development of [[metallurgy]] was well advanced in the Kakching region in Ancient Manipur. It used various techniques and methods to extract iron ores and convert them into usable forms.<ref>https://indianculture.gov.in/images/iron-smelting-technique-manipur</ref>
==Sources==
* https://www.imphaltimes.com/it-articles/item/13601-scientific-knowledge-as-reflected-in-the-manipuri-manuscript
* https://filmfreeway.com/403965
* https://www.telegraphindia.com/north-east/translation-of-ancient-manipur-texts-begin/cid/1452394

==Bibliography==
* https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.465201

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{simple-Wikipedia}}

[[Category:Meitei culture]]
[[Category:Manipur]]
[[Category:History of Manipur]]

Ancient Meitei Science and Technology - Revision history

CleanupBot at 09:27, 25 February 2022