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'''Angelo da Fonseca''' was born in [[Portuguese Goa|Goa]] in 1902 and died in [[Pune|Poona]] in 1967. He was a [[Goans|Goan]] painter, and a pioneer of the Christian Cultural Renaissance in India.<ref>Goa Plus Team, Times of India (Supplement), Bombay, 15 November 2002, p. 2.</ref><br />
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== Early life ==<br />
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Angelo da Fonseca was born in [[St Estevam|Santo Estêvão]], Goa in 1902. He studied under [[Abanindranath Tagore]] in [[Kolkata|Calcutta]]. Fonseca was subsequently condemned by other [[Goan Catholics]] for his anti-Catholic paintings and he left Goa for Pune; he had repeatedly depicted the [[Mary, mother of Jesus|Virgin Mary]] as a [[Hindu]] woman wearing a [[sari]] and a [[bindi (decoration)|bindi]]. His paintings have been displayed in major cities worldwide.<br />
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==Art studies==<br />
He started out in medical studies at the [[Grant Medical College and Sir Jamshedjee Jeejeebhoy Group of Hospitals|Grant Medical College]], Bombay, but soon left for [[J. J. School of Art]]. He also left the prestigious art school in 1930, because he felt it had too much of a European setting, and joined [[Shantiniketan]] in Calcutta where he was trained by [[Rabindranath Tagore]] in the [[Bengal School of Art]]. [[Nandalal Bose]] was his teacher. Since he was a Christian, many of his paintings were based on Christian themes from the [[Bible]].<br />
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==Paintings==<br />
Fonseca was a prolific and versatile painter. He carved on wood and slate, illustrated scrolls, assembled stained glass, etched wax drawings, made pencil sketches, and decorated baked clay. He created over 1000 watercolours, murals and oil paintings in places such as [[St. Xavier's College, Mumbai|St. Xavier’s College, Mumbai]]; [[Jnana Deepa, Institute of Philosophy and Theology]] in Pune; [[Rachol Seminary]] in Goa, etc. He was reportedly strongly influenced by the writings of [[Henry Heras]], who encouraged Indian Christian artists to paint local Hindu themes rather than traditional Christian ones.<br />
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==Goa==<br />
He returned to Goa in 1931. Goa was then ruled by [[Portugal]]. Fonseca faced severe criticism from both [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]] and [[Goans|Goan]] Catholics for painting Christian themes with Hindu settings. He was criticized by the Parish Priest in his native village of Santo Estêvão, because he had painted the Virgin Mary as a Hindu woman in a [[sari]] with a [[bindi (decoration)|bindi]]. He eventually left Goa permanently.<ref>{{cite news<br />
|URL=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-fridayreview/fusing-cultures/article2323190.ece<br />
|date=5 August 2011<br />
|first=Sravasti<br />
|last=Datta<br />
|title=Fusing Cultures<br />
|work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref><br />
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==Pune==<br />
Fonseca moved to [[Pune]] (then called ''Poona'') in 1931, practicing his art at the Anglican [[Christian Ashram Movement|Christa Prema Seva Ashram]] where he created many works. He married Ivy Muriel Menezes in 1951, their daughter Yessonda Dalton was born in 1957.<br />
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He died in 1967 of [[meningitis]]. Ivy Muriel died in September 2015 in Pune.<br />
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== References ==<br />
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[[Category:Painters from Goa]]<br />
[[Category:1902 births]]<br />
[[Category:1967 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:20th-century Indian painters]]</div>2402:3A80:CBF:509E:8682:D610:B756:9563