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{{About|the business leader|other people named Anil Kumar|Anil Kumar (disambiguation)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017

}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Anil Kumar
| native_name_lang =
| image =
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_date = 1958
| birth_place = [[Chennai]], [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]]
| occupation = [[Consultant]], [[Management]] expert
| citizenship = United States
| title =
| employer = [[McKinsey & Company|McKinsey & Company, Inc.]]
| alma_mater = [[IIT Bombay]] <br> [[Imperial College London]] <br> [[University of Pennsylvania]]
| known_for = Co-Founder of [[Indian School of Business]]<br>[[Knowledge Process Outsourcing]]<br />[[Business Process Outsourcing]]
| net_worth = [[US Dollar|US$]]50–100 million{{CN|date=March 2020}}
| years_active =
| spouse = Malvika
| children = 1
}}

'''Anil Kumar''' (born 1958) is an Indian-American former senior partner and director at management consulting firm [[McKinsey & Company]], where he co-founded McKinsey's offices in [[Silicon Valley]] and India and created its Internet practice (representing a quarter of McKinsey's business at the time) among others. Kumar is additionally the co-founder of the [[Indian School of Business]] with [[Rajat Gupta]] and the creator of two different kinds of [[outsourcing]]. He graduated from [[Indian Institute of Technology Bombay|IIT Bombay]] in India, [[Imperial College London|Imperial College]] in the UK, and [[Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania|The Wharton School]] in the US.

In 2010 he [[pleaded guilty]] to [[insider trading]] in a dramatic "descent from the pinnacle of the business world."<ref name = "wsj-motives">Pulliam, Susan and Michael Rothfeld. [https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703327404576195100112867600 "Motive for Stock Leak Can Be Respect, Love"]. ''The Wall Street Journal.'' 14 March 2011.</ref> He was the government's first cooperator and most important witness "in two of the most important securities fraud [[Raj Rajaratnam/Galleon Group, Anil Kumar, and Rajat Gupta insider trading cases|trials]] in history"<ref name = "sdny-5k">Brodsky, Reed and Richard Tarlowe. [http://www.nysd.uscourts.gov/pacer.php "Government's Sentencing Memorandum (section 5K1.1(a) (1)-(5))"]. United States Attorneys Office for the Southern District of New York. ''United States Department of Justice.'' Access via United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (access required). 20 July 2012.</ref> against close friends and business partners [[Raj Rajaratnam]], the billionaire founder of the [[Galleon Group]] family of hedge funds, and [[Rajat Gupta]], the former head of [[McKinsey and Company]] and a board member of [[Goldman Sachs]] and [[Procter and Gamble]]. Rajaratnam and Gupta were both convicted in separate high-profile criminal trials. He was sentenced in 2012 by [[United States federal judge|Judge]] [[Denny Chin]] to two years of probation in exchange for testimony against former friends Rajanatram and Gupta.<ref name="thenation.com">{{Cite news|last=Vachani|first=Nilita|date=2015-11-09|title=The Strange, True Story of the Man Whose Maid Was Worth Millions|journal=The Nation|language=en-US|url=https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/the-strange-true-story-of-how-a-chairman-at-mckinsey-made-millions-of-dollars-off-his-maid/|access-date=2020-09-29|issn=0027-8378}}</ref> Chin stated that "greed wasn't the motive in [Kumar's] case" and that "this was aberrational conduct ... Mr. Kumar has led a law-abiding and productive life."<ref name = "wsj-sentencing">Bray, Chad. [https://www.wsj.com/article/SB10000872396390444873204577536831573015556.htm "Kumar Avoids Jail for His Help in Insider Crackdown"]. ''The Wall Street Journal.'' 19 July 2012.</ref> Federal prosecutors called Kumar "one of the best and most important cooperating witnesses" they had ever worked with.<ref name = "bloomberg-govtpresentence">Hurtado, Patricia. [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-07-16/kumar-s-rajaratnam-cooperation-extraordinary-u-s-says.html "Kumar’s Rajaratnam Cooperation ‘Extraordinary,’ U.S. Says"]. ''Bloomberg.'' 16 July 2012.</ref>

In 2015, an investigation noted that Mr. Kumar had illegally collected funds from insider trading in [[offshore accounts]] in the name of his [[domestic worker]], Manju Das.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|title = The Strange, True Story of How a Chairman at McKinsey Made Millions of Dollars off His Maid|url = http://www.thenation.com/article/the-strange-true-story-of-how-a-chairman-at-mckinsey-made-millions-of-dollars-off-his-maid/|newspaper = The Nation|access-date = 2015-11-10|issn = 0027-8378}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Vachani|first=Nilita|date=2015-11-14|title=How Anil Kumar made millions off his maid|work=Business Standard India|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/how-anil-kumar-made-millions-off-his-maid-115111301187_1.html|access-date=2020-08-12}}</ref> The investigation alleged that Ms. Das had no knowledge of these accounts, which were created with identity documents falsified by Mr. Kumar; and that Mr. Kumar had paid Ms. Das far below [[minimum wage]] for several years in violation of US law.<ref name=":0" />

== Early life and education ==

Kumar graduated first in his class from [[The Doon School]], an elite high school in India, and ranked among the top 100 students across India for admission to the competitive [[Indian Institute of Technology]] colleges.<ref>Kumar, Anil (453-KB) 1970-74, The Doon School Old Boys' Society Register (2011) p.87</ref> He graduated third in his class from [[IIT Bombay]] with a degree in [[mechanical engineering]], writing a thesis on [[renewable energy]]. Kumar attended [[Imperial College]] at the [[University of London]] on "the equivalent of the Rhodes scholarship" sponsored by [[Cecil Rhodes|Cecil Rhodes's]] [[De Beers|De Beers Company]].<ref name = "sdny-sentencingmemo">Morvillo, Gregory and Paul Grand. [http://www.nysd.uscourts.gov/pacer.php "Sentencing Memorandum"]. ''Morvillo, Abramowitz, Grand, Iason, Anello, and Bohrer, P.C.'' Access via United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (access required). 20 July 2012.</ref> He became the first student to complete Imperial's two-year course in applied mechanics in 10 months, and also graduated first in his class. Kumar attended business school at the [[Wharton School]] at the [[University of Pennsylvania]] with a self-designed major on the management of technology and international business.<ref name = sdny-sentencingmemo />

== Career ==

Kumar was a "star senior partner,"<ref name = "wsj-2009profile">Sharma, Amol and Joann Lublin. [https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB125605394316296749 "A Star Partner's Galleon Arrest Shakes Up Ranks at McKinsey"]. ''The Wall Street Journal.'' 21 October 2009.</ref> and "one of McKinsey’s most senior employees [and] brightest stars."<ref name = "sundaytimes-leavingmckinsey">Rushe, Dominic. [http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/support_services/article6945946.ece "McKinsey Jettisons Troubled Star Kumar"]. ''The Sunday Times.'' 6 December 2009.</ref> He co-founded McKinsey's offices in Silicon Valley and India and created and led the firm's business in three different areas of Internet companies (representing 25-30% of McKinsey's worldwide revenues at its peak),<ref name = sdny-sentencingmemo /> outsourcing, and intrapreneurship. He was the protégé of former chief executive Rajat Gupta, though he was blamed for the collapse of McKinsey's e-commerce initiatives after the [[dot-com bubble|dot-com collapse]] and never ran in the elections for managing partner (chief executive).<ref>Byrne, John. [http://www.businessweek.com/bwdaily/dnflash/mar2003/nf2003037_8945_db016.htm "At McKinsey, the Winner Is…"]. ''BusinessWeek.'' 7 March 2003.</ref><ref>Stern, Stefan. [http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/1b6e4944-0149-11de-8f6e-000077b07658.html "McKinsey Turns To Asia Chief Barton for Top Job"]. ''The Financial Times.'' 23 February 2009.</ref> Gupta and Kumar also co-founded the [[Indian School of Business]] in [[Hyderabad, India]].

=== McKinsey and Company ===

Kumar began his career at [[Hewlett Packard]] as a product manager before joining [[McKinsey and Company]] in 1986 as one of the earliest Indian-Americans at the consultancy. In 1988 he co-founded McKinsey's offices in [[Silicon Valley]] with a partner, growing the office "from two people to approximately 35" by 1992.<ref name = sdny-sentencingmemo /> In 1993 as a partner he founded McKinsey's office in New Delhi, which along with the Mumbai office co-founded the consultancy in India. In India he pioneered the concepts of [[Knowledge Process Outsourcing]] and [[Business Process Outsourcing]]<ref name="cnn-arrest">McDonald, Duff. [https://money.cnn.com/2009/10/22/news/companies/galleon_scandal_rules.fortune/ "Galleon Scandal Creates Investing Conundrum for Executives"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091208062755/https://money.cnn.com/2009/10/22/news/companies/galleon_scandal_rules.fortune/ |date=8 December 2009 }}. ''CNN.'' 23 October 2009.</ref> and became the protégé of then-[[managing director]] (chief executive) [[Rajat Gupta]].<ref name = "wsj-meanstreet">Newmark, Evan. [https://blogs.wsj.com/deals/2011/03/16/mean-street-the-disgrace-of-rajat-gupta/ "Mean Street: The Disgrace of Rajat Gupta"]. ''The Wall Street Journal'' WSJ Blogs. 18 March 2011.</ref><ref name = "guardian-mckinseybad">Rushe, Dominic. [https://www.theguardian.com/business/2011/mar/14/mckinsey-linked-galleon-insiderdealing-trial "McKinsey Implicated in Galleon Trial"]. ''The Guardian.'' 14 March 2011.</ref> Kumar returned to the United States to found and lead McKinsey's Internet practice during the [[dot-com bubble]]. "Under [Kumar's] leadership, McKinsey's e-commerce practice grew to represent a full 25-30% of the firm's revenues," court documents revealed, though Kumar was blamed for the evaporation of this business in the subsequent dot-com collapse.<ref name = sdny-sentencingmemo /> He and Gupta briefly created a program to allow the firm to accept stock in lieu of consulting fees.<ref name = "nyt-1990stock">Leonhardt, David. [https://www.nytimes.com/1999/10/22/business/big-consultants-woo-employees-by-offering-a-piece-of-the-action.html "Big Consultants Woo Employees by Offering a Piece of the Action"]. ''The New York Times.'' 22 October 1999.</ref><ref>Helyar, John, Carol Hymowitz and Mehul Srivastava. [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-05-17/gupta-secretly-defied-mckinsey-before-sec-s-tipster-accusation.html "Rajat Gupta Secretly Defied McKinsey Before SEC Says Rajaratnam Was Tipped"]. ''Bloomberg Markets Magazine.'' 16 May 2011.</ref> Kumar was also Chairman of the Knowledge Center and Chairman of the Asia Center.<ref name="gsm-knowledgemgmt">Bhambal, Juhi. [http://www.globalservicesmedia.com/Case-Studies/Home/Knowledge@McKinsey/32/27/0/general200705211130 "Knowledge@McKinsey: A Case Study"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725095626/http://www.globalservicesmedia.com/Case-Studies/Home/Knowledge%40McKinsey/32/27/0/general200705211130 |date=25 July 2011 }}. ''Global Services Media.'' 30 November 2005.</ref><ref name="outlook-isb">Talgeri, Kunal. [http://business.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?102115 "The McKinsey Way"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005174756/http://business.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?102115 |date=5 October 2011 }}. ''Outlook Business.'' 16 May 2009.</ref> He was a director and corporate officer of the firm. He lived and worked from multiple offices in New Delhi, New York, and Silicon Valley, traveling over thirty thousand miles a month.<ref name = "nyt-calls">Lattman, Peter. [https://dealbook.nytimes.com/2011/03/14/government-witness-in-galleon-trial-tells-of-pre-2008-tips/ "Jury Hears Dozen Taped Calls at Galleon Trial"]. ''The New York Times.'' 14 March 2011.</ref><ref name = "newyorker-packer">Packer, George. [http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2011/06/27/110627fa_fact_packer?currentPage=all "A Dirty Business"]. ''The New Yorker.'' 27 June 2011.</ref>

He was a member of the [[Council on Foreign Relations]] and the [[Young Presidents' Organization]], a founding charter member of [[TiE]], and was the United States chairman of India's largest business lobby, the [[Confederation of Indian Industry]].<ref name = "sdny-sentencingmemo" /><ref name = "ft-arrest">Masters, Brooke, James Fontanella-Khan and Justin Baer. [http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/716d7a8e-bf3c-11de-a696-00144feab49a.html#axzz1IQJg41Iu "McKinsey Partner’s Arrest Casts Shadow"]. ''The Financial Times.'' 22 October 2009.</ref>

Criticism of Kumar centered around his close relationship with Gupta and a perception of arrogance. According to ''[[The Financial Times]],'' "the two operated as a forceful double-act to secure business for McKinsey, win access in Washington and build a brotherhood of donors around the Hyderabad-based ISB and a handful of social initiatives."<ref name = "ft-elite">{{cite web|url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/39076346-49ae-11e0-acf0-00144feab49a.html |title= Financials - Elite takes sides as Gupta fights SEC charges |publisher=Ft.com |date= |accessdate=2011-05-15}}</ref> Also according to the ''Times'', "as much as Mr Kumar was admired for his business ability and sharpness, he also drew fire for what was seen as his arrogance."<ref name = "ft-arrest" />

== Galleon investigation ==

{{Main|McKinsey & Company#Galleon insider trading scandal|Raj Rajaratnam/Galleon Group, Anil Kumar, and Rajat Gupta insider trading cases#Relationships of Rajaratnam, Gupta and Kumar|l1=McKinsey insider trading scandal|l2=Rajaratnam, Kumar, Gupta insider trading cases}}

Kumar maintained an intentionally low profile outside McKinsey until an October 2009 arrest in conjunction with an ongoing and wide-ranging US governmental investigation into [[insider trading]].<ref name = "nyt-arrest">de la Merced, Michael. [https://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/17/business/17insider.html "Hedge Fund Chief Is Charged With Fraud"]. ''The New York Times.'' 16 October 2009.</ref> Former mentor Rajat Gupta was later arrested by the [[FBI]] in a [[Raj Rajaratnam/Galleon Group, Anil Kumar, and Rajat Gupta insider trading cases|related case]],<ref>Rothfield, Michael, Susan Pulliam and Chad Bray. [https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052970203687504576654872764778968?mod=googlenews_wsj "Ex-Goldman Director Gupta Charged in Insider Case"]. ''The Wall Street Journal.'' 26 October 2011.</ref> prompting inquiries into McKinsey's senior leadership and business model.<ref name = "ft-mckinseybad">Gapper, John. [http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/144e6728-4a87-11e0-82ab-00144feab49a.html "McKinsey Model Springs a Leak"]. ''The Financial Times.'' 9 March 2011.</ref><ref name = "reuters-mckinseybad">Salmon, Felix. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110311041615/http://blogs.reuters.com/felix-salmon/2011/03/09/mckinseys-corrupted-culture/ "McKinsey's Corrupted Culture"]. ''Reuters.'' 9 March 2011.</ref>

As of December 2009, Kumar was no longer at the consultancy.<ref name = "wsj-leavingmckinsey">Bray, Chad, [https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704342404574576134130532484 "Galleon Figure Kumar No Longer with McKinsey"]. ''The Wall Street Journal.'' 4 December 2009.</ref> In January 2010 he pleaded guilty to insider trading charges<ref name = "nyt-guiltyplea">Kouwe, Zachery. [https://dealbook.nytimes.com/2010/01/07/guilty-plea-in-galleon-insider-trading-case/ "Guilty Plea in Galleon Insider Trading Case"]. ''The New York Times.'' 7 January 2010.</ref> and was "the government’s star witness" in March 2011 against billionaire friend and [[Galleon Group]] founder [[Raj Rajaratnam]] (''United States v. Rajaratnam'').<ref name = "wsj-testimony">Rothfeld, Michael and Susan Pulliam. [https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704396504576204852629677280 "Calling Miss Manners: Tapes in Galleon Case Show Some Snark"]. ''The Wall Street Journal.'' 17 March 2011.</ref><ref name = "wsj-rajGuilty">Rothfeld, Michael, Susan Pulliam and Chad Bray. [https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703864204576317060246641834 "Fund Titan Found Guilty"]. ''The Wall Street Journal.'' 12 May 2011.</ref> In the sprawling case his involvement was unusual; according to a ''Reuters'' blog, "He’s the only informant who could be considered even more successful than Raj was, at least professionally if not in terms of raw cash. Raj had money, more money than he really knew what to do with, but Kumar had much more societal acceptance and prestige."<ref name = "reuters-insidertrading">Salmon, Felix. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110513201545/http://blogs.reuters.com/felix-salmon/2011/05/12/how-to-set-up-an-insider-trading-network/ "How to Set Up An Insider-Trading Network"]. ''Reuters.'' 12 May 2011.</ref> He settled with the [[U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission|SEC]] in May 2010 for $2.8 million, the amount after gains he received from Rajaratnam through a Swiss bank account in a domestic worker's name.<ref name = "wsj-secsettlement">Bray, Chad. [https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703315404575250473789424524 "Kumar Settles SEC Charges in Galleon Case"]. ''The Wall Street Journal.'' 17 May 2010.</ref> Gupta, Rajaratnam, and Kumar were all close friends and had founded the $1.3-billion private equity firm [[New Silk Route]] together, though Rajaratnam and Kumar withdrew before the firm began operation.<ref name = "ft-nsr">Scannell, Kara. [http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/454a8b58-4ffb-11e0-9ad1-00144feab49a.html "Insider Trading Star Witness Challenged"]. ''The Financial Times.'' 17 March 2011.</ref>

Kumar was represented by the late Robert Morvillo,<ref name = "sec-morvillo">SEC v. Galleon. [http://docs.justia.com/cases/federal/district-courts/new-york/nysdce/1:2009cv08811/353523/50/0.pdf "Notice of Appearance"]. Doc 50. 24 November 2009</ref> who had previously led billionaire [[Martha Stewart]]’s defense in her own [[ImClone stock trading case|insider trading case]].<ref name = "newyorker-marthastewart">Smith, Chris. [http://nymag.com/nymetro/news/crimelaw/features/n_9620/ "Can This Man Save Martha?"] ''The New Yorker.''</ref><ref name = "nyt-morvillo">Lattman, Peter and Benjamin Weiser. [https://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/26/nyregion/robert-morvillo-legal-pioneer-dies-at-73.html?pagewanted=all "Robert Morvillo, Legal Pioneer, Dies at 73"]. ''The New York Times.'' 25 December 2011.</ref>

He testified again as "the Government's key witness" in the May 2012 criminal trial of former mentor Rajat Gupta (''United States v. Gupta''), where he described the [[Raj Rajaratnam/Galleon Group, Anil Kumar, and Rajat Gupta insider trading cases#Relationships of Rajaratnam, Gupta and Kumar|relationships]] between Gupta, Rajaratnam and himself.<ref name = "wsj-whoswho">[https://blogs.wsj.com/deals/2012/05/22/gupta-trial-a-whos-who-of-those-who-will-come-up/ "Gupta Trial: A Who’s Who of Those Who Will Come Up"]. ''The Wall Street Journal'' (blogs). 22 May 2012.</ref><ref>Chakraborty, Barnini. [http://www.foxbusiness.com/industries/2012/06/04/blankfein-takes-stand-says-gupta-was-at-key-meetings "Blankfein Takes Stand, Says Gupta Was at Key Meetings"]. ''Fox Business.'' 4 June 2012.</ref> To do so was difficult, according to federal prosecutors, "because [Kumar] knew that he could be partially responsible for helping to convict someone with whom he and his family had deep and long-lasting ties."<ref name = "bloomberg-presentence">Hurtado, Patricia. [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-07-19/kumar-seeks-probation-citing-cooperation-in-gupta-prosecution.html "Kumar Seeks Probation, Citing Help To Gupta Prosecutors"]. ''Bloomberg.'' 19 July 2012.</ref> ''Bloomberg'' commented, "When business guru Rajat Gupta and his protégé, Anil Kumar, worked together to expand management consultancy McKinsey & Co in the 1990s, a date in court years later surely was not part of the plan."<ref name = "bloomberg-protege">McCool, Grant. [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-goldman-gupta-idUSBRE8501D920120601 "Protégé testifies against McKinsey mentor Gupta"]. ''Bloomberg.'' 1 June 2012.</ref>

Both Rajaratnam and Gupta were ultimately convicted in separate high-profile criminal trials.

International media, business, and finance industry observers have analyzed extensively Kumar's actions in aiding Rajaratnam.<ref name = "wsj-motives" /><ref name = "wsj-motives2">Jenkins, Holman W. [https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703387904576278731205268472 "A Hedge Fund's Neurotic Tipsters"]. ''The Wall Street Journal'' (editorial).
23 April 2011.</ref><ref name = "ft-motives">Gapper, John. [http://blogs.ft.com/businessblog/2010/01/anil-kumars-cheap-betrayal-of-mckinseys-soul "Anil Kumar’s Cheap Betrayal of McKinsey’s Soul"]. ''The Financial Times'' (blog).
8 January 2010.</ref><ref name = "fiercefinanceblog-motives">
Kim, Jim.
[http://www.fiercefinance.com/story/life-hedge-fund-informant-easy-or-nerve-wracking/2011-03-16 "Life Of A Hedge Fund Informant: Easy Or Nerve-wracking?"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110519161758/http://www.fiercefinance.com/story/life-hedge-fund-informant-easy-or-nerve-wracking/2011-03-16 |date=19 May 2011 }}. ''Fierce Finance'' (blog). 16 March 2011.
</ref> Consensus remains divided on the precise motivators of money, respect, and relationship, with ''The New York Times'' asking, "Why would people who seem to have it all — wealth, prestige, powerful jobs and infinite access to others with the same — risk that, and more, to provide inside information to the Sri Lankan-born billionaire?".<ref name = "nyt-motives">Cohan, William D. [http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/04/27/why-is-enough-never-enough/?partner=rss&emc=rss "Why Is Enough Never Enough?"]. ''The New York Times'' (blog). 27 April 2011.</ref> Rajaratnam's annual payments were estimated at less than 5% of Kumar's annual income (and just 1-2% excluding a one-time bonus), further raising the question of motivation.<ref>[[Talk:Anil Kumar/Archives/2012#Calculation|Calculation]]</ref> Prosecutors wondered "why an incredibly bright, highly accomplished, professional consultant, and senior partner at arguably the world’s leading consulting firm, who contributed considerable time to start the Indian School of Business and to other charities, would betray his profession’s core values."<ref name = "WSJ-india1">[https://blogs.wsj.com/indiarealtime/2012/07/19/anil-kumar-star-prosecution-witness/ "Anil Kumar, Star Prosecution Witness"]. ''The Wall Street Journal'' (blog). 19 July 2012.</ref> One media source questioned Kumar's sentencing report.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Deb|first=The Sceptic {{!}} Sandipan|date=2012-07-26|title=Stoop low and walk free|url=https://www.livemint.com/Opinion/Fd2qSNOb2oAD0ZEtTxd4xH/Stoop-low-and-walk-free.html|access-date=2020-09-29|website=mint|language=en}}</ref> Judge Chin would ultimately rule that "greed wasn't the motive in [Kumar's] case."<ref name = "wsj-sentencing" />

Federal prosecutors said "Kumar's testimony was nothing short of devastating. Kumar was credible, precise, and fully corroborated."<ref name = "sdny-5k" /> In July 2012 he was sentenced by Judge [[Denny Chin]] to two years of probation, ending in July 2014.<ref name = "wsj-sentencing" />

== Education and non-profits ==

Kumar co-founded the [[Indian School of Business]] with Gupta in 1997, today ranked among the top 15 business schools in the world by ''The Financial Times.''<ref name = "et-isbresign">[http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2009-10-20/news/28406041_1_mendu-rammohan-rao-isb-ajit-rangnekar "Anil Kumar Seeks Leave of Absence From ISB Board"]. ''The Economic Times.'' 20 October 2009.</ref><ref name = "ft-isbrankings">[http://rankings.ft.com/businessschoolrankings/indian-school-of-business "The Global MBA Rankings"]. ''The Financial Times.'' Retrieved 1 March 2011.</ref> Court documents revealed he personally raised approximately 35% of all money donated to the school and kept a low profile as co-founder: "a large part of the intellectual vision of ISB is in fact Anil's, a point not many outside ISB's leadership will ever be aware of."<ref name = "sdny-sentencingmemo" />

In New Delhi, Kumar helped [[IIT Delhi]] double its student body with no increase in costs and was a founding board member of the [[Bharti Foundation]].<ref name = "sdny-sentencingmemo" /> In San Jose, he served on the boards of the [[Children's Discovery Museum of San Jose|Children's Discovery Museum]] and [[American Musical Theatre of San Jose|San Jose Civic Light Opera]].

As of 2012, he was working with the [[Baylor College of Medicine]] and [[Max Healthcare]] to start a medical university, teaching hospital, and nursing school in India, and also with the [[Hero MotoCorp|Hero Group]] to start an 8000-person engineering college in India.<ref name = "bloomberg-presentence" />

== Personal life ==

Kumar maintained an intentionally low public profile, and according to prosecutors was "earning significant amounts of money at McKinsey [though] lived relatively modestly, his assets far exceeded his liabilities."<ref name = "sdny-5k" /> He lived and worked for decades in New Delhi, New York, and Silicon Valley, traveling over thirty thousand miles a month for McKinsey. He had a [[Manhattan]] apartment in the [[Time Warner Center]] and a house in [[Saratoga, California]].<ref name = "newyorker-packer" /> He is married and has one son.<ref name = "sdny-sentencingmemo" />

== See also ==

:* [[McKinsey & Company|McKinsey & Company, Inc.]] — in particular [[McKinsey & Company#Notable current and former employees|Notable employees]] and [[McKinsey & Company#Galleon insider trading scandal|Galleon case]]
:* [[Insider Trading 2011|Galleon insider trading case]] — in particular [[Insider Trading 2011#Relationship of Rajaratnam, Gupta and Kumar|relationship with Rajaratnam and Gupta]]
:* [[Indian School of Business]] — in particular [[Indian School of Business#History and formation|history and formation]]
:* [[New Silk Route]] — in particular [[New Silk Route#History|history and formation]]
:* [[Rajat Gupta]] — in particular [[Rajat Gupta#Relationships with Rajaratnam and Kumar|relationship with Kumar]]
:* [[Raj Rajaratnam]] — in particular [[Raj Rajaratnam#Conviction and imprisonment for insider trading|conviction]]
:* ''[[SEC v. Rajaratnam]]'' — also ''U.S. v. Rajaratnam''
:*[[Chip Skowron]], hedge fund portfolio manager convicted of insider trading
:*[[Mathew Martoma]], hedge fund trader and portfolio manager convicted of insider trading

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Further reading ==
:* Vachani, Nilita. [http://www.thenation.com/article/the-strange-true-story-of-how-a-chairman-at-mckinsey-made-millions-of-dollars-off-his-maid/ "The Strange True Story Of How A Chairman At McKinsey Made Millions Of Dollars Off His Maid"]. ''The Nation'' 9 November 2015
:* Raghavan, Anita. ''The Billionaire's Apprentice: The Rise of The Indian-American Elite and The Fall of The Galleon Hedge Fund. ''Hachette, June 20133.
:* Sharma, Amol and Joann Lublin. [https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB125605394316296749 "A Star Partner's Galleon Arrest Shakes Up Ranks at McKinsey"]. ''The Wall Street Journal.'' 21 October 2009.
:* McDonald, Duff. [https://money.cnn.com/2009/10/22/news/companies/galleon_scandal_rules.fortune/index.htm "Galleon Scandal's Executive Conundrum"]. ''CNN.'' 23 October 2009.
:* McDonald, Duff. [https://money.cnn.com/2010/09/30/news/companies/rajat_gupta_scandal.fortune/index.htm "Rajat Gupta: Touched By Scandal"]. ''CNN.'' 1 October 2010.
:* Duray, Dan. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110427214605/http://www.observer.com/2010/culture/dealbook-london-correspondent-scores-deal-crisis-book "Dealbook London Correspondent Scores Deal for Crisis Book"]. ''The New York Observer.'' 3 December 2010.
:* Lamont, James and Tom Burgis. [http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/39076346-49ae-11e0-acf0-00144feab49a.html "Elite Take Sides As Gupta Fights SEC Charges"]. ''The Financial Times.'' 8 March 2011.
:* Lattman, Peter. [https://dealbook.nytimes.com/2011/03/15/gupta-goldman-board-weighed-deals-with-wachovia-and-a-i-g/ "On Tape, Galleon Founder Told of Possible Goldman Deals"]. ''The New York Times.'' 15 March 2011.
:* Lattman, Peter. [https://dealbook.nytimes.com/2011/03/01/former-goldman-director-charged-with-insider-trading/ "Rajat Gupta Charged with Insider Trading"]. ''The New York Times.'' 1 March 2011.
:* McCool, Grant and Dena Aubin. [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-galleon-rajaratnam-mckinsey-idUSTRE72T4GK20110330 "McKinsey In Uncomfortable Rajaratnam Trial Glare"]. ''Reuters.'' 30 March 2011.
:* Rothfeld, Michael and Susan Pulliam. [https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704662604576202672612696238 "Defense in Galleon Trial Bids to Discredit U.S.'s Star Witness"]. ''The Wall Street Journal.'' 16 March 2011
:* [http://www.finalternatives.com/node/15935 "Rajaratnam Lawyer, Key Witness Do Battle At Insider-Trading Trial"]. ''Financial Alternatives.'' 16 March 2011.
:* Raghavan, Anita. [http://profit.ndtv.com/video/show/194098 "Expert View On Galleon Insider Trading Trial"]. ''NDTV.'' 18 March 2011.
:* Van Voris, Bob, David Glovin and Patricia Hurtado. [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-03-16/rajaratnam-lawyer-challenges-kumar-s-testimony-on-insider-tips-payments.html "Rajaratnam Lawyer Challenges Kumar’s Testimony on Insider Tips, Payments"]. ''Bloomberg.'' 16 Mar 2011.

== External links ==
* [http://mckinsey.com McKinsey & Company, Inc.]
* [http://isb.edu The Indian School of Business]

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Kumar, Anil}}
[[Category:1958 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Alumni of Imperial College London]]
[[Category:Engineers from California]]
[[Category:American chief executives]]
[[Category:American management consultants]]
[[Category:American financial businesspeople]]
[[Category:American financiers]]
[[Category:American investors]]
[[Category:American businesspeople of Indian descent]]
[[Category:Businesspeople from California]]
[[Category:Businesspeople from New York (state)]]
[[Category:Businesspeople from Delhi]]
[[Category:Indian emigrants to the United States]]
[[Category:IIT Bombay alumni]]
[[Category:McKinsey & Company people]]
[[Category:Private equity and venture capital investors]]
[[Category:Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania alumni]]
[[Category:The Doon School alumni]]
[[Category:American white-collar criminals]]
[[Category:American businesspeople convicted of crimes]]
[[Category:People from Saratoga, California]]
[[Category:Activists from California]]

Anil Kumar - Revision history

>GreenC bot at 05:20, 5 July 2021