https://indianpedia.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Aram_ShahAram Shah - Revision history2026-07-31T07:29:49ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.45.4https://indianpedia.org/index.php?title=Aram_Shah&diff=457478&oldid=prevMusariaz at 03:20, 4 August 20252025-08-04T03:20:55Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Sultan of Delhi from 1210 to 1211}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2019}}<br />
{{Infobox Monarch<br />
| name = Aram Shah<br />
| title = <br />
| image = Aram Shah of the Mamluk Sultanate.jpg<br />
| succession = [[Sultan of Delhi]]<br />
| predecessor = [[Qutb ud-Din Aibak]]<br />
| successor = [[Iltutmish]]<br />
| titletext = <br />
| caption = Photograph of an Indian miniature painting depicting Aram Shah, published in 'Tawarikh-i-Ghuri' by Munshi Bulaqi Das Sahib (1881)<br />
| reign = December 1210 – June 1211<br />
| house = <br />
| religion = [[Islam]]<br />
| birth_date = 1176<br />
| birth_place = <br />
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1211|06||1176|||df=y}}<br />
| death_place = [[Delhi]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Aram Shah''' ({{langx|fa|{{nq|آرام شاه}}}}; 1176 – June 1211) was the second [[sultan]] of the [[Mamluk Sultanate (Delhi)|Mamluk Sultanate]]. He briefly held the throne from [[Lahore]] after the unexpected death of [[Qutb ud-Din Aibak]] before being defeated and dethroned by [[Iltutmish]] who began ruling from [[Delhi]].<br />
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== Origins ==<br />
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Aram Shah is an obscure figure, and his relationship to his predecessor [[Qutb al-Din Aibak]] is not certain. In some manuscripts of [[Minhaj-i-Siraj]]'s ''[[Tabaqat-i Nasiri]]'', the words "bin Aibak" ("son of Qutub-i-deen-Aibak") appear after his name in a chapter heading, and later writers believed him to be a son of Aibak. However, the words "bin Aibak" in the headline may have been an erroneous addition made by a scribe.{{sfn|K. A. Nizami|1992|p=207}} Minhaj-i-Siraj refers to only three daughters of Aibak elsewhere in the text, and [[Ata-Malik Juvayni]]'s ''[[Tarikh-i Jahangushay]]'' explicitly states that Aibak did not have any son.{{sfn|K. A. Nizami|1992|p=206}} What is known is that he succeeded Aibak in city of [[Lahore]].{{sfn|Satish Chandra|2004|p=39}}<br />
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== Reign ==<br />
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In 1210, Qutb al-Din Aibak died unexpectedly in [[Lahore]] during a sport game, without having named a successor. To prevent instability in the kingdom, the [[Turkic peoples|Turkic]] nobles (''[[malik]]s'' and ''umara'') in Lahore appointed Aram Shah as his successor at [[Lahore]].{{sfn|Satish Chandra|2004|p=39}}{{sfn|K. A. Nizami|1992|p=206}} However, the Turkic nobles in different parts of the Sultanate opposed his ascension, and some of them - such as the Khalji nobles of [[Bengal]] - rebelled against him. According to the 16th century historian [[Firishta]], the kingdom also suffered an invasion from the neighbouring ruler [[Nasir ad-Din Qabacha]] of [[Multan]].{{sfn|K. A. Nizami|1992|p=207}}<br />
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A group of nobles, led by the military justiciar (''Amir-i Dad'') Ali-yi Ismail, invited [[Iltutmish]] to occupy the throne.{{sfn|Peter Jackson|2003|p=29}} Iltutmish, a former slave of Aibak and the governor of [[Badaun]], had a distinguished record of service and was called a son by Aibak, because of which the nobles considered him as a good candidate for the throne.{{sfn|K. A. Nizami|1992|pp=207-208}} Iltutmish marched to [[Delhi]], where he seized the power, and later defeated Aram Shah's forces at Bagh-i Jud. According to the ''Tabaqat-i Nasiri'', Aram Shah was "martyred": it is not clear if he was killed on the battlefield, or put to death as a prisoner of war.{{sfn|Peter Jackson|2003|p=29}} Two of his important officers - Aqsanqar and Farrukh Shah - were killed on the battlefield. Iltutmish subsequently consolidated his power and began ruling from [[Delhi]].{{sfn|K. A. Nizami|1992|p=208}}<br />
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== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
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=== Bibliography ===<br />
{{ref begin}}<br />
* {{cite book |author=K. A. Nizami |author-link=K. A. Nizami |chapter=The Early Turkish Sultans of Delhi |editor1=Mohammad Habib |editor2=Khaliq Ahmad Nizami |title=A Comprehensive History of India: The Delhi Sultanat (A.D. 1206–1526) |volume=5 |edition=Second |year=1992 |publisher=The Indian History Congress / People's Publishing House |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_9cmAQAAMAAJ |oclc=31870180 }}<br />
* {{cite book |author=Peter Jackson |title=The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lt2tqOpVRKgC&pg=PA29 |year=2003 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-54329-3 |page=29 }}<br />
* {{cite book |author=Satish Chandra |title=Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals-Delhi Sultanat (1206–1526) |volume=1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L5eFzeyjBTQC |year=2004 |publisher=Har-Anand Publications |isbn=978-81-241-1064-5 }}<br />
{{ref end}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Aram Shah}}<br />
[[Category:Sultans of the Mamluk dynasty (Delhi)]]<br />
[[Category:13th-century Indian monarchs]]<br />
[[Category:Year of birth uncertain]]<br />
[[Category:Year of death unknown]]<br />
[[Category:13th-century Indian Muslims]]<br />
[[Category:13th-century Indian people]]</div>Musariaz