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{{About|the district|its eponymous headquarters|Ariyalur||Ariyalur (disambiguation)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Ariyalur District
| other_name =
| nickname = Cement city
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of Tamil Nadu|District]] of [[Tamil Nadu]]
| image_map = {{maplink |frame=yes
|frame-width=275 |frame-height=275 |frame-align=center
|text= '''Ariyalur district'''
|type=shape |id=Q15112
|stroke-colour=#C60C30
|stroke-width=2
|title= Ariyalur district of Tamil Nadu
|type2=line|id2=Q1445|stroke-width2=1|stroke-colour2=#0000ff|title2=Tamil Nadu
}}
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Location in Tamil Nadu
| image_skyline = N-TN-C94 A View at Sunset of Brihadiswara Temple.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = 10th Century [[Chola]] monuments at [[Gangaikonda Cholapuram]]
| coordinates = {{coord|11.13704|N|79.075821|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = [[Country]]
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[File:TamilNadu Logo.svg|22px]] [[Tamil Nadu]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| named_for =
| parts_type = [[Taluka|Taluks]]
| parts = [[Ariyalur taluk|Ariyalur]], [[Sendurai taluk|Sendurai]], [[Udayarpalayam]], [[Andimadam]]
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Ariyalur]]
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| leader_title1 = [[District Collector]]
| leader_name1 = P. Ramana Saraswathi, [[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Tiruchirapalli/new-collector-takes-charge-in-ariyalur/article19268770.ece|title=New Collector takes charge in Ariyalur|newspaper=The Hindu|date=13 July 2017|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref>
| leader_title2 = [[Superintendent of Police]]
| leader_name2 = V. R. Srinivasan, [[Indian Police Service|IPS]]
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 1949.31
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 754,894
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web
|title=2011 Census of India
|date=16 April 2011
|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/prov_data_products_tamilnadu.html
|publisher= Indian government
|format=Excel}}</ref>
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Tamil language|Tamil]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code =
| registration_plate = TN 61
| website = {{URL|www.ariyalur.tn.nic.in}}
| footnotes =
}}

'''Ariyalur district''' is an administrative [[district]], one of the [[Districts of Tamil Nadu|38 districts]] in the [[Indian state|state]] of [[Tamil Nadu]] in [[India]]. The district headquarters is located at [[Ariyalur]]. The district encompasses an area of 1,949.31 km².

[[Brihadisvara_Temple,_Gangaikonda_Cholapuram|Gangaikonda Cholapuram]], built by King [[Rajendra Chola]]n of [[Chola Empire]], is a [[World Heritage Site|UNESCO World Heritage site]] situated in this district. The district is also known for its rich prehistoric fossils. Many fossils of gigantic molluscs and jawed fishes, at least one fossilized dinosaur egg, and several fragmentary fossils of [[Sauropoda|sauropod]] and [[Theropoda|theropod]] dinosaurs have been discovered here.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/society/history-and-culture/a-trip-through-the-fossil-rich-grounds-of-ariyalur/article26676409.ece|title=A trip through the fossil-rich grounds of Ariyalur in Tamil Nadu|last=Nainar|first=Nahla|date=2019-03-29|work=The Hindu|access-date=2019-04-08|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Goswami|first1=A.|last2=Prasad|first2=G. V. R.|last3=Verma|first3=O.|last4=Flynn|first4=J. J.|last5=Benson|first5=R. B. J.|date=16 April 2013|title=A troodontid dinosaur from the latest Cretaceous of India|journal=Nature Communications|language=en|volume=4|issue=1|pages=1703|doi=10.1038/ncomms2716|pmid=23591870|bibcode=2013NatCo...4.1703G|issn=2041-1723|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/from-the-lost-world/article8275784.ece|title=From the lost world|date=2016-02-24|newspaper=The Hindu|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X|access-date=2016-03-06}}</ref> An on-site museum is being set up at Keelapazhur to preserve and conserve fossils.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2018/feb/05/with-rare-collection-of-fossils-ariyalur-museum-in-tamil-nadu-nearing-completion-1768475.html.ece|title=With rare collection of fossils, Ariyalur museum in Tamil Nadu nearing completion|date=2018-02-05}}</ref> Ariyalur is noted for its [[cement]] industries and Jayankondam has huge reserves of [[lignite]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ariyalur.nic.in |title=Ariyalur district |date= |website=ariyalur.nic.in}}</ref>

==History==

In 1995, Tiruchirappalli was trifurcated and the Perambalur and Karur districts were formed. Ariyalur district was carved out of Perambalur district on 1 January 2001. But, it was merged with [[Perambalur district]] on 31 March 2002. Ariyalur district was re-carved on 23 November 2007. The district is bordered by the districts of [[Cuddalore]] to the north and north-east, [[Nagapattinam]] to the east, Thanjavur to the south and south-east, Tiruchirapalli to the south-west and Perambalur to the west.{{fact|date=July 2020}}

==Important places==
* [[ Gangaikonda_Cholapuram|Gangaikonda Cholapuram]]
* [[Kallathur]]
* [[Jayankondam]]
* [[Karaivetti Bird Sanctuary]]
* Thirumalapadi
* [[Kamarasavalli]]
* [[Ganga Jadadisvarar Temple|Govindaputtur]]
* Fossil Museum
* Vikkiramangalam
* Ariyalur – Kodandarmaswamy Kovil
* Elakurichi Church
* Kallankurichi Kaliya Perumal Kovil<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ariyalur.nic.in/tourism/places-of-interest/|title=Places of Interest {{!}} Ariyalur District, Government of Tamil Nadu {{!}} Land of Cements|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-08}}</ref>

== Brihadeeswarar Temple, Gangaikondacholapuram ==
Brihadisvara Temple at Gangaikonda Cholapuram is a [[Hindu temple]] dedicated to [[Shiva]] in [[Gangaikonda Cholapuram]], [[Jayankondam]], in the [[South India|South Indian]] state of [[Tamil Nadu]]. Completed in 1035 AD by [[Rajendra Chola I]] as a part of his new capital, this [[Chola]] dynasty era temple is similar in design, and has a similar name, as the older 11th century, [[Brihadeeswarar Temple]] about 70 km (43 mi) to the southwest in [[Thanjavur]]. The Gangaikonda Cholapuram Temple is smaller yet more refined than the Thanjavur Temple. Both are among the largest Shiva temples in South India and examples of [[Dravidian architecture|Dravidian style]] temples.

==Demographics==
According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]], Ariyalur district has a population of 754,894,<ref name="districtcensus"/> roughly equal to the nation of [[Guyana]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 2011-10-01 | quote = Guyana 744,768
}}</ref> or the US state of [[Alaska]].<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php
|title=2010 Resident Population Data
|publisher=U. S. Census Bureau
|access-date=2011-09-30
|quote=Alaska 710,231
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019160532/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php
|archive-date=2013-10-19
}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 491 in India (out of a total of 640).<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert| 387 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} .<ref name=districtcensus/> Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 8.19%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Ariyalur has a [[sex ratio]] of 1016 females for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a literacy rate of 71.99%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 23.3% and 1.4% of the population, respectively. As of 2011 it is the third least populous district of Tamil Nadu (out of 32), after [[Perambalur district|Perambalur]] and [[Nilgiris district|Nilgiris]].<ref name="districtcensus">{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 2011-09-30 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref> [[Jayankondam]] is the most populated town in Ariyalur district.{{historical populations|11=1901|12=2,71,501|13=1911|14=2,94,621|15=1921|16=3,06,764|17=1931|18=3,08,837|19=1941|20=3,48,381|21=1951|22=3,98,231|23=1961|24=4,37,692|25=1971|26=5,13,704|27=1981|28=5,72,498|29=1991|30=6,36,381|31=2001|32=6,95,524|33=2011|34=7,54,894|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=middle}}
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = '''Religions in Ariyalur District'''
|label1 = [[Hinduism]]
|value1 = 93.84
|color1 = Orange
|label2 = [[Christianity]]
|value2 = 4.95
|color2 = DodgerBlue
|label3 = [[Islam]]
|value3 = 1.05
|color3 = Green
|label4 = Other
|value4 = 0.16
|color4 = Black
}}

==See also==
* [[List of districts of Tamil Nadu]]
* [[List of villages in Ariyalur district]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons Category}}
*[https://ariyalur.nic.in/ Ariyalur District Official WebSite]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20111011141251/http://tnpolice.gov.in/District_Details.php?code=29622 Ariyalur District Police]

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Ariyalur district
|North =
|Northeast = [[Cuddalore district]]
|East =
|Southeast = [[Thanjavur District]]
|South =
|Southwest = [[Tiruchirappalli district]]
|West =
|Northwest = [[Perambalur district]]
}}

{{Tamil Nadu}}
{{Ariyalur district}}

[[Category:Ariyalur district| ]]
[[Category:Districts of Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:2001 establishments in Tamil Nadu]]

Ariyalur district - Revision history

UpdateBot at 04:02, 26 May 2022