Ajay Kumar at 19:11, 30 August 2023

2023-08-30T19:11:33Z

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{{Short description|Genus of grasses}}
{{Automatic taxobox
|image = Arundo.donax1web.jpg
|image_caption = Giant cane (''[[Arundo donax]]'')
|display_parents = 2
|taxon = Arundo
|authority = [[Joseph Pitton de Tournefort|Tourn.]] ex [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
|type_species_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]<ref>lectotype designated by Hitchcock, Prop. Brit. Bot. 121 (1929)</ref>
|type_species = ''[[Arundo donax]]''
|synonyms_ref = <ref name=zx>[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/synonomy.do?name_id=451090 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]</ref>
|synonyms =
* ''Donax'' P.Beauv. 1812, illegitimate homonym not Lour. 1790
* ''Eudonax'' Fr.
* ''Scolochloa'' Mert. & W.D.J.Koch
* ''Amphidonax'' Nees
* ''Donacium'' Fr.
}}

'''''Arundo''''' is a [[genus]] of stout, perennial plants in the [[Poaceae|grass family]].

==Description==
''Arundo'' is native to southern [[Europe]], [[North Africa]], and much of temperate [[Asia]] as far east as [[Japan]].<ref>{{cite web|url= http://delta-intkey.com/grass/www/arundo.htm |title=The grass genera of the world: descriptions, illustrations, identification, and information retrieval; including synonyms, morphology, anatomy, physiology, phytochemistry, cytology, classification, pathogens, world and local distribution, and references |access-date=2009-08-19 |author=Watson L, Dallwitz MJ. |year=2008 |work=The Grass Genera of the World }}</ref> They grow to 3–6 m tall, occasionally to 10 m, with leaves 30–60 cm long and 3–6 cm broad.

; Species<ref name=zx/><ref>[http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/search?q=Arundo The Plant List search for Arundo]</ref>
* ''[[Arundo collina]]'' Ten.
* ''[[Arundo donax]]'' [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]] – Giant cane, Spanish cane (south and east Mediterranean, to India; [[Introduced species|naturalised]] in many additional areas and often invasive)
* ''[[Arundo formosana]]'' Hack. – Nansei-shoto, Taiwan, Philippines
* ''[[Arundo mediterranea]]'' Danin – Mediterranean
* ''[[Arundo micrantha]]'' Lam. – Mediterranean
* ''[[Arundo plinii]]'' [[Antonio Turra|Turra]] – Pliny's reed – Greece, Italy, Albania, Croatia

There are over 200 species once considered part of ''Arundo'' but now regarded as better suited to other genera:<ref name=zx/> ''[[Achnatherum]]'', ''[[Agrostis]]'', ''[[Ammophila (plant)|Ammophila]]'', ''[[Ampelodesmos]]'', ''[[Arthrostylidium]]'', ''[[Arundinaria]]'', ''[[Austroderia]]'', ''[[Austrofestuca]]'', ''[[Bambusa]]'', ''[[Calamagrostis]]'', ''[[Calammophila]]'', ''[[Calamovilfa]]'', ''[[Chionochloa]]'', ''[[Chusquea]]'', ''[[Cinna (plant)|Cinna]]'', ''[[Cortaderia]]'', ''[[Dendrocalamus]]'', ''[[Deschampsia]]'', ''[[Dupontia (plant)|Dupontia]]'', ''[[Gastridium]]'', ''[[Gigantochloa]]'', ''[[Graphephorum]]'', ''[[Gynerium]]'', ''[[Imperata]]'', ''[[Indocalamus]]'', ''[[Melica]]'', ''[[Miscanthus]]'', ''[[Molinia]]'', ''[[Muhlenbergia]]'', ''[[Neyraudia]]'', ''[[Phalaris (plant)|Phalaris]]'', ''[[Phragmites]]'', ''[[Poa]]'', ''[[Psammochloa]]'', ''[[Rytidosperma]]'', ''[[Saccharum]]'', ''[[Schizostachyum]]'', ''[[Scolochloa]]'', ''[[Stipa]]'', ''[[Thysanolaena]]'', ''[[Trisetaria]]''.

==See also==
* [[List of Poaceae genera]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* Douce, R. 1994. The biological pollution of ''Arundo donax'' in river estuaries and beaches. Pp. 11–13 In: Jackson, N.E. et al. ''Arundo donax'' workshop.
* Dudley, T. and B. Collins. 1995. Biological invasions in California wetlands: the impacts and control of non-indigenous species in natural areas. Pacific Institute for SIDES, Oakland, CA.
* Frandsen,. P. 1994. Team Arundo: a model for inter-agency cooperation. Pp. 35–40 In: Jackson, N. et al. ''Arundo donax'' workshop.
* Frandsen, P. and N. Jackson. 1994. The impact of ''Arundo donax'' on flood control and endangered species. Pp. 13–16 In: Jackson, N. et al. Arundo donax workshop.
* Hoshovsky, M. 1988. Element stewardship abstract: ''Arundo donax''. The Nature Conservancy, San Francisco, CA.
* Iverson, M. Pp19–26 In: Jackson, N.E. et al. ''Arundo donax'' workshop.
* Scott, G.D. 1994. Fire threat from ''Arundo donax''. Pp. 17–18 In: Jackson, N. et al. ''Arundo donax'' workshop.

==External links==
{{Commons category|Arundo}}
{{Wikispecies}}
* [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?1020 Germplasm Resources Information Network: ''Arundo'']
* [http://www.erowid.org/plants/arundo_donax/arundo_donax.shtml Erowid Arundo Donax vault]
{{Bioenergy}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q165263}}

[[Category:Arundinoideae]]
[[Category:Energy crops]]
[[Category:Poaceae genera]]

Arundo - Revision history

Ajay Kumar at 19:11, 30 August 2023