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{{short description|Former Prime Minister of bangladesh}}
{{Distinguish|Khan Ataur Rahman}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Ataur Rahman Khan
| native_name = আতাউর রহমান খান
| native_name_lang = bn
| image = Ataur Rahman Khan.png
| imagesize = 200px
| office = [[Prime Minister of Bangladesh]]
| president = [[Hossain Mohammad Ershad]]
| term_start = 30 March 1984
| term_end = 9 July 1986
| predecessor = [[Shah Azizur Rahman]]
| successor = [[Mizanur Rahman Chowdhury]]
| order1 =
| office1 = 5th [[Chief Minister of East Pakistan]]
| predecessor1 = [[Abu Hussain Sarkar]]
| governor1 = [[Amiruddin Ahmad]]
| primeminister1 =
| successor1 = ''Position abolished''
| term_start1 = 1 September 1956
| term_end1 = March 1958
| chiefminister1 =
| birth_date = {{birth date|1905|03|06|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Dhaka District|Balia]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[British Raj|British India]] (now [[Dhaka District|Dhaka]], [[Bangladesh]])
| death_date = {{death date and age|1991|12|7|1905|3|6|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[Dhaka]], Bangladesh
| party = [[Jatiya Party (Ershad)|Jatiya Party]] (1984–1991)
| otherparty = [[All-India Muslim League]] (Before 1949) [[Bangladesh Awami League|Awami League]] (1949–1984)
| alma_mater = [[Jagannath University]] [[University of Dhaka]]
| children = [[Ziaur Rahman Khan]]
}}

'''Ataur Rahman Khan''' ({{lang-bn|আতাউর রহমান খান}}; 1 July 1907 – 7 December 1991) was a Bangladeshi lawyer, politician and writer, and served as [[Chief Minister of East Pakistan]] from 1 September 1956 – March 1958, and as the [[Prime Minister of Bangladesh]] from 30 March 1984 to 9 July 1986.<ref name=":0">{{cite book |last=Khan |first=Muazzam Hussain |year=2012 |chapter=Khan, Ataur Rahman |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Khan,_Ataur_Rahman |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref>

== Early life ==

Ataur Rahman Khan was born on 1 July 1905/1907<ref>{{Cite web |last=Correspondent |first=Staff |date=2016-12-07 |title=Ex-PM Ataur Rahman's anniversary of death today |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/city/ataur-rahmans-anniversary-death-today-1326319 |access-date=2022-12-22 |website=The Daily Star |language=en}}</ref> at Balia village, [[Dhamrai Thana]], [[Dhaka district|Dhaka District]], [[East Bengal]], [[British India]].<ref name=":0" /> He pgraduated from [[Pogose School]] in Dhaka in 1924.<ref name=":0" /> He then graduated from [[Jagannath College]] in 1927.<ref name=":0" /> He obtained Bachelors degree in economics and law from the [[University of Dhaka]] in 1930 and 1936 respectively.<ref name=":0" />

== Career ==
Khan joined the Dhaka District Bar in 1937. He then joined the judicial branch of the Civil Service as a [[District Munsiff Court|Munsiff]] in 1942 where he worked till 1944.<ref name=":0" /> He joined the [[Krishak Praja Samiti]] and served as the secretary of the Dhaka District unit.<ref name=":0" /> In 1944, he joined the [[All-India Muslim League|All India Muslim League]].<ref name=":0" /> He served as the Vice President of the [[Manikganj District|Manikganj]] unit of the Muslim League.<ref name=":0" /> Khan joined the creation of the Awami Muslim League in 1949 and served as it's vice-President till 1964.<ref name=":0" /> He was a leader of the [[Sarbadaliya Chhatra Sangram Parishad]] who played the lead role in the [[Bengali language movement|Bengali Language movement]] in 1952 for making Bengali Language a state language of Pakistan.<ref name=":0" />

In 1954, Khan was the joint convenor of the [[United Front (East Pakistan)|United Front]] which won the Provincial election.<ref name=":0" /> He himself was elected to the East Bengal Legislative Assembly and made the Ministry of Civil Supplies in the United Front government under [[A. K. Fazlul Huq]].<ref name=":0" /> In 1955, He was elected to the [[Constituent Assembly of Pakistan]].<ref name=":0" /> From 1955 to 1956, he was the leader of the opposition in the East Pakistan Provincial Assembly.<ref name=":0" />

After Hussain Shaheed Suhrawardy became [[Prime Minister of Pakistan]] got [[Abu Hussain Sarkar|Abu Hossain Sarkar]] to resign as Chief Minister of East Pakistan so that Khan could replace him.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Chowdhury |first=Hamidul Huq |url=https://books.google.com.bd/books?id=3pIjwRq24YYC&pg=PA190&dq=Ataur+Rahman+Khan&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiD2qvkoYz8AhVvILcAHc6SC7wQ6AF6BAgiEAI#v=onepage&q=Ataur%20Rahman%20Khan&f=false |title=Memoirs |date=1989 |publisher=Associated Printers Ltd. |pages=190 |language=en}}</ref> Khan formed government of East Pakistan on 1 September 1956 and became the Chief Minister of [[East Pakistan]].<ref name=":0" /> He found himself in a power struggle with the Awami League General Secretary Sheikh Mujibur Rahman.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Prasad |first=Ram Narayan |url=https://books.google.com.bd/books?id=mB9N4oxuSY8C&pg=PA238&dq=Ataur+Rahman+Khan&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiD2qvkoYz8AhVvILcAHc6SC7wQ6AF6BAgYEAI#v=onepage&q=Ataur%20Rahman%20Khan&f=false |title=Government and Politics in Mizoram |date=1987 |publisher=Northern Book Centre |isbn=978-81-85119-44-1 |pages=238 |language=en}}</ref> Sheikh Mujib was more popular with Awami League party workers than Khan.<ref name=":1" /> His government lasted until March 1958.<ref name=":0" /> On 31 March 1958, Governor [[A. K. Fazlul Huq]] removed Khan from the post of chief Minister and appointed Abu Hossain Sarkar.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Hashmi |first=Taj |url=https://books.google.com.bd/books?id=EWBsEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA64&dq=Ataur+Rahman+Khan&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiD2qvkoYz8AhVvILcAHc6SC7wQ6AF6BAgOEAI#v=onepage&q=Ataur%20Rahman%20Khan&f=false |title=Fifty Years of Bangladesh, 1971-2021: Crises of Culture, Development, Governance, and Identity |date=2022-04-22 |publisher=Springer Nature |isbn=978-3-030-97158-8 |pages=64 |language=en}}</ref> Huq was removed from the post of governor by President [[Iskandar Ali Mirza|Iskander Mirza]] and Khan was back as the Chief Minister of East Pakistan in 12 hours.<ref name=":2" /> Presidents rule was declared and two months later Khan was again Chief Minister.<ref name=":2" /> There was a brawl in the East Bengal Legislative Assembly in which Deputy Speaker Shahed Ali Patwary was killed and General [[Ayub Khan (President of Pakistan)|Ayub Khan]] took over power in Pakistan when martial law was declared in Pakistan.<ref name=":2" /> He had been removed and restored to the post of Chief Minister three times in one year.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Graça |first=J. Da |url=https://books.google.com.bd/books?id=M0YfDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA123&dq=Ataur+Rahman+Khan&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiD2qvkoYz8AhVvILcAHc6SC7wQ6AF6BAgUEAI#v=onepage&q=Ataur%20Rahman%20Khan&f=false |title=Heads of State and Government |last2=Graça |first2=John Da |date=2017-02-13 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-1-349-65771-1 |pages=123 |language=en}}</ref> He and Suhrawardy's central and provincial government was criticised by [[Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani]], leader of the leftist fraction of Awami League, while supported by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the leader of the nationalist fraction of Awami League.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Nabī |first=Nūruna |url=https://books.google.com.bd/books?id=_x8ZSDg-9wIC&pg=PA127&dq=Ataur+Rahman+Khan&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiD2qvkoYz8AhVvILcAHc6SC7wQ6AF6BAgeEAI#v=onepage&q=Ataur%20Rahman%20Khan&f=false |title=Bullets of '71: A Freedom Fighter's Story |date=2010 |publisher=AuthorHouse |isbn=978-1-4520-4377-7 |pages=127 |language=en}}</ref> He worked [[Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy|Hussain Shaheed Suhrawardy]] under the [[National Democratic Front (Pakistan)|National Democratic Front]] to restore democracy to Pakistan.<ref name=":0" /> Khan had succeed Hussain Shaheed Suhrawardy as President of Awami League in 1963 further deteriorating relationship with Sheikh Mujibur Rahman.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rahman |first=Syedur |url=https://books.google.com.bd/books?id=bJfcCPUr0OoC&pg=PA31&dq=Ataur+Rahman+Khan&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiD2qvkoYz8AhVvILcAHc6SC7wQ6AF6BAggEAI#v=onepage&q=Ataur%20Rahman%20Khan&f=false |title=Historical Dictionary of Bangladesh |date=2010-04-27 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-7453-4 |pages=31 |language=en}}</ref> In 1969, he was elected president of Dhaka High Court Bar Association.<ref name=":0" /> In 1969, he created a new political party called [[Jatiya League]] over differences with Sheikh Mujibur Rahman.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Chakrabarti |first=Kunal |url=https://books.google.com.bd/books?id=QVOFAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA257&dq=Ataur+Rahman+Khan&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiD2qvkoYz8AhVvILcAHc6SC7wQ6AF6BAgJEAI#v=onepage&q=Ataur%20Rahman%20Khan&f=false |title=Historical Dictionary of the Bengalis |last2=Chakrabarti |first2=Shubhra |date=2013-08-22 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-8024-5 |pages=257 |language=en}}</ref>

In 1970, Khan contested the elections for the national assembly but lost.<ref name=":0" /> During the [[Bangladesh Liberation War]], Khan was detained for six months by Pakistan Army and released in September.<ref name=":0" /> After the Independence of Bangladesh, he was elected to the parliament of Bangladesh in 1973.<ref name=":0" /> In 1975, he joined the Sheikh Mujibur Rahman lead [[Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League]] government.<ref name=":0" /> He revived his Jatiya League after the government was removed from power in a series of coups.<ref name=":0" />

Khan was elected to parliament in 1979.<ref name=":0" /> He campaigned against the rule General [[Hussain Muhammad Ershad|Hussain Mohammad Ershad]] before joining him. He was made the [[Prime Minister of Bangladesh|Prime Minister]] in 1984 which office he held until 1 January 1985.<ref name=":0" />

==Bibliography==

* ''Ojarotir Dui Bochhor'' (1963)<ref name=":0" />
* ''Shoiracharer Dosh Bochhor'' (1969)<ref name=":0" />
* ''Prodhan-Montritter Noi Maash'' (1987)<ref name=":0" />
* ''Oboruddhor Noi Maash'' (1990).<ref name=":0" />

==Death==
Khan died in Dhaka on 7 December 1991 at the age of 86<ref name=":0" /> and is buried inside Parliament grounds.<ref name=":3" /> His son, [[Ziaur Rahman Khan]] (died 2021)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Correspondent |first=Staff |date=2021-04-27 |title=Barrister Ziaur Rahman Khan laid to rest |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/city/news/barrister-ziaur-rahman-khan-laid-rest-2084501 |access-date=2022-12-22 |website=The Daily Star |language=en}}</ref>, was a member of parliament from [[Bangladesh Nationalist Party]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Desk |first=City |date=2018-12-10 |title=Ziaur 'not allowed' to visit his father Ataur Rahman's grave |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/city/news/ziaur-not-allowed-visit-his-father-ataur-rahmans-grave-1671529 |access-date=2022-12-21 |website=The Daily Star |language=en}}</ref> His son and grandson were denied access to the grave without a security pass by the police guarding the parliament.<ref name=":3" /> The Bangladesh Nationalist Party organizes remembrance events on his death anniversary.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Correspondent |first=Staff |date=2016-12-08 |title=Ataur Rahman fought for democratic rights |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/city/ataur-rahman-fought-democratic-rights-1326808 |access-date=2022-12-22 |website=The Daily Star |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-off}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Shah Azizur Rahman]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Prime Minister of Bangladesh]]|years=1984–1986}}
{{s-aft|after={{nowrap|[[Mizanur Rahman Chowdhury]]}}}}
|-
{{s-dip}}
{{s-bef|before=New Office}}
{{s-ttl|title=Chairperson of [[South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation|SAARC]]|years=1985}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Rajiv Gandhi]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{BangladeshPrimeMinisters}}
{{Chief Minister of East Pakistan}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rahman Khan, Ataur}}
[[Category:1991 deaths]]
[[Category:Jatiya Party politicians]]
[[Category:Prime Ministers of Bangladesh]]
[[Category:1905 births]]
[[Category:People of East Pakistan]]
[[Category:Krishak Sramik Party politicians]]
[[Category:People from Dhaka District]]
[[Category:Pakistani MNAs 1955–1958]]
[[Category:20th-century Bengalis]]
[[Category:Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League central committee members]]
[[Category:Chief Ministers of East Pakistan]]
[[Category:University of Dhaka alumni]]
[[Category:Pogose School alumni]]

Ataur Rahman Khan - Revision history

Bot at 04:18, 22 December 2022