>SalamAlayka at 00:09, 7 December 2021

2021-12-07T00:09:09Z

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{{short description|Bangladeshi Islamist politician}}{{Distinguish|Athar Ali Khan}}{{Infobox religious biography
| honorific_prefix = [[Mawlana]]
| name = Athar Ali
| native_name = আতহার আলী
| native_name_lang = bn
| honorific_suffix =
| image =
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| birth_date = 1891
| birth_place = [[Beanibazar|Ghungadiya]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[British Raj|British India]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1976|10|6|1891||}}
| death_place = Darul Uloom Madrasa, [[Mymensingh]], Bangladesh
| alt =
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| education = Jhingabari Alia Madrasah<br/>[[Jamia Qasmia Madrasa Shahi]]<br/>Madrasa Aliya Rampur<br/>[[Mazahir Uloom]]<br/>[[Darul Uloom Deoband]]
| teacher = [[Ashraf Ali Thanvi]], [[Anwar Shah Kashmiri]] and [[Shabbir Ahmad Usmani]]
| students = [[Maulana Ahmad Ali Khan]]
|}}
'''Athar Ali''' ({{lang-bn|আতহার আলী}}; 1891-1976) was a Bangladeshi Islamic activist, author, teacher and politician. He participated in the [[Indian independence movement]], and was former president of the [[Nizam-e-Islam Party]]. Ali was also a ''khalifah'' of [[Ashraf Ali Thanvi]], one of the founders of the [[Deobandi movement]].<ref name=dud/><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.islamtime24.com/2019/07/05/জামিয়া-ইমদাদিয়া-কিশোরগঞ্/|language=bn|date=5 July 2019|title=জামিয়া ইমদাদিয়া কিশোরগঞ্জ: সমৃদ্ধ ইতিহাসের এক বৈচিত্র্যময় প্রতিষ্ঠান|author=Tariq bin Mujib|trans-title=Jamia Imdadia Kishoreganj: A diverse institution with a rich history}}</ref>

==Early life==
Ali was born into a [[Bengali Muslim]] family in the village of Ghungadia Nawangaon, [[Beanibazar]], [[Sylhet District]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[British India]]. His father, Azim Khan, was a [[Moulvi]]. Ali completed his primary and secondary education at the Jhingabari Alia Madrasah.

He then moved to [[North India]] where he studied the [[Islamic sciences]] at the [[Jamia Qasmia Madrasa Shahi]] in [[Moradabad]], the Madrasa Aliya of [[Rampur State]] and subsequently the [[Mazahir Uloom]] in [[Saharanpur]].<ref name="ali">{{cite Banglapedia|author=Siddiqi, ABM Saiful Islam |article=Ali, Maulana Ataher}}</ref> He then did [[Hadith studies]] at the [[Darul Uloom Deoband]] under [[Anwar Shah Kashmiri]] and [[Shabbir Ahmad Usmani]], which he graduated from in 1338 AH (1919-1920 CE).<ref name=dud>{{cite book|chapter=Memoir of the Graduates of the Dar al-Ulum, Deoband: Maulana Athar Ali Bengali|pages=101–102|title=History of the Dar Al-Ulum Deoband|volume=2|year=1980|publisher=Idara-e Ihtemam|chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/DUDbook_64/DudVolTwo-Pg001-329/page/n101/mode/}}</ref> Ali then served under [[Ashraf Ali Thanwi]] from whom he studied the [[Batin (Islam)|Batin]] for three years and gained [[Khalifah (Sufism)|Khilafat]] from.<ref name=emd>{{cite book |script-title=bn:হাদীছের তত্ত্ব ও ইতিহাস|page=26|language=bn |publisher=Emdadia Library |chapter=2.2 বঙ্গে এলমে হাদীছ |author=Mawlana Nur Muhammad Azmi |trans-title=Information and history of Hadith |trans-chapter=2.2 Knowledge of Hadith in Bengal}}</ref>

==Career==
[[File:Shohede mosjid.jpg|thumb|The Shahidi Mosque in Kishoreganj was the residence of its former imam Athar Ali]]
[[File:আল জামিয়াতুল ইমদাদিয়া, কিশোরগঞ্জ.jpg|thumb|Al-Jamia al-Emdadia Madrasa founded by Athar Ali Bengali]]
Ali's career began with teaching at madrasas in Bengal such as the Jhingabari Alia Madrasah in Sylhet, [[Jamia Islamia Yunusia]] in [[Brahmanbaria]] and the Jamia Millia in [[Comilla]]. By 1909, he was working as an [[imam]] of the Shahidi Mosque in [[Kishoreganj]]. In 1945, Ali established the Jamia Emdadia Madrasa in Kishoreganj on the premises of the mosque. He also later founded the Darul Uloom Madrasa in [[Mymensingh]].<ref name=dud/>

His participation in politics began with the [[1947 Sylhet referendum]] campaigns which led to the incorporation of [[Sylhet Division|Sylhet]] into the [[Dominion of Pakistan]]. He was first a member of the [[Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam]] party. In 1952, he was elected as the president of the [[Nizam-e-Islam Party]]. Ali's party, which formed a coalition under the [[United Front (East Pakistan)|United Front]], succeeded during the [[1954 East Bengal Legislative Assembly election]]s, gaining 36 total seats in the National Assembly. Ali was a Member of Parliament in the 2nd [[National Assembly of Pakistan]] for the Kishoreganj West constituency.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Assembly |first1=Pakistan National |title=Parliamentary Debates. Official Report |date=1958 |page=104 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qXIdAAAAIAAJ&q=Moulana+Athar+Ali |language=en}}</ref> He had worked for including Islam in the legal system.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Binder |first1=Leonard |title=Religion and Politics in Pakistan |date=1963 |publisher=University of California Press |page=372 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yzn850u5-r0C&q=Moulana+Athar+Ali&pg=PA372 |language=en}}</ref> He also advocated for the restoration of democratic rights during the presidency of [[Ayub Khan (general)|Ayub Khan]] and was subsequently imprisoned.<ref name="ali"/>

He was released before the start of the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1965|1965 Indo-Pakistani War]], and drifted away from politics. He began focusing more on propagating Islamic teachings to the Bengali Muslim masses through public lectures.<ref name="ali"/>

==Bibliography==
He wrote a number of books relating to [[Islam]]. These include:<ref name="ali"/>
*{{lang-bn|পর্দা ও ইসলাম|Pôrda O Islam|[[Purdah]] and Islam}}
*Al-Wajru wa an-Nazru
*{{lang-bn|ইসলামী শাসন কেন চাই?|Islamī Shashôn Kenô Chai?|Why do I want Islamic rule?}}
*{{lang-bn|বাস্তব ক্ষেত্রে সমাজতন্ত্র|Bastôb Kkhetre Shômajtôntrô|Socialism in reality}}
*{{lang-bn|ইসলামে অর্থবন্টন ব্যবস্থা|Islame Ôrthôbônṭôn Bebôstha|System of economic distribution in Islam}}

==Death==
Ali died on 6 October in 1976 in the premises of a madrasa that he had founded, the Darul Uloom Madrasa in [[Mymensingh]], [[Bangladesh]], as a result of paralysis.<ref name=dud/>

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bengali, Athar Ali}}
[[Category:Pakistani MNAs 1955–1958]]
[[Category:1891 births]]
[[Category:1976 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Beanibazar Upazila]]
[[Category:Bangladeshi Islamists]]
[[Category:Bangladeshi Islamic religious leaders]]
[[Category:Nizam-e-Islam Party politicians]]
[[Category:20th-century Bengalis]]
[[Category:Bengali-language writers]]
[[Category:Darul Uloom Deoband alumni]]
[[Category:Mazahir Uloom alumni]]
[[Category:Deobandis]]
[[Category:Bangladeshi Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam]]
[[Category:20th-century Muslim scholars of Islam]]
[[Category:Madrasa Shahi alumni]]
[[Category:Students of Anwar Shah Kashmiri]]

Athar Ali Bengali - Revision history

>SalamAlayka at 00:09, 7 December 2021