>Rasnaboy at 17:58, 19 June 2021

2021-06-19T17:58:03Z

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{{Use Indian English|date=January 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2015}}
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|+Atikamāṉ
|-
| '''[[Official language]]''' || [[Tamil language|Tamil]]
|-
| '''Family Dynasty''' || Adiyaman or Satyaputo-Athiyaman
|-
|'''House''' || [[Chera]]<ref name=chera1/><ref name=chera2/>
|-
| '''Capital''' || [[Dharmapuri|Tagadur]]
|-
|}

{{TNhistory}}
'''Atiyamāṉ''' (also known as '''Adhiyamān''', '''Adigamān''' or '''Satyaputra-Atiyān''') were a royal [[Kongu Nadu|Kongu]] [[Tamils|Tamil]] dynasty. These king-chiefs ruled from their capital [[Dharmapuri|Tagadur]]<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl2614/stories/20090717261407000.htm | title=‘Tamil-Brahmi inscriptions are the only record of old Tamil’ | publisher=Frontline | date=4 July 2009 | accessdate=28 November 2014 | author=Subramanian, T. S.}}</ref> (present day [[Dharmapuri]]) from at least the 3rd century BCE. The royal house was one of the four kingdoms of [[Tamilakam]], ruling parts of the [[Kongu Nadu]]. They were surrounded by the [[Chera dynasty|Cheras]] to the west and the [[Pandyas]] and [[Chola dynasty|Cholas]] to the east.

The Atiyamāṉs are mentioned in the [[Puranas]] as well as in ancient [[Tamil literature]]. Their rule in Southern India is mentioned in rock inscriptions of the [[Sangam period]] as well as in the [[Edicts of Asoka]] dated to the 3rd century BCE and the Gummireddipura plates with the added title ''Satyaputra'' – the "members of the fraternity of truth", synonymous with the Chera clan.{{cn|date=May 2018}}<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Brahmi Inscription - Department of Archeology, Govt. of Tamil Nadu|url=https://www.tnarch.gov.in/brahmi-inscription-0|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=Government Archeology Department of Tamil Nadu state}}</ref> Vidukalagiya Perumal, an eighth century chief of this family is described as the descendant of Adigaman Elini of [[Chera]] dynasty (vamsa) in one of his epigraphs.<ref name=chera1>{{cite book|title=Kerala State Gazetteer, Volume 2, Issue 1|author=Adoor K. K. Ramachandran Nair|publisher=State Editor, Kerala Gazetteers, 1986 - Kerala (India)|page=229}}</ref><ref name=chera2>{{cite book|title=Kongu Nadu, a History Up to A.D. 1400|author=V. Manickam|publisher=Makkal Veliyeedu, 2001 - Kongu Region (India) - 647 pages|page=151}}</ref> A number of inscriptions in [[Jambai village|Jambai]] (also known as "Tirukkoyilur") add details of their sovereignty in the 1st century CE.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Brahmi Inscription {{!}} Department Of Archaeology|url=https://www.tnarch.gov.in/brahmi-inscription-0|access-date=2020-06-18|website=www.tnarch.gov.in}}</ref> This ruling tribe rose in prominence during the classical period of the [[history of Tamil Nadu]]. Their most famous ruler was [[Athiyamān Nedumān Añci]], a powerful king who was one of the ''Kadai ezhu vallal'' (''7 great patrons'') of arts and literature in Tamilakam.

==Kingdom==
The Athiyamān was a small kingdom situated on the eastern valley of [[Malaya Mountains]] of the [[Western Ghats]] ([[Anamala]], [[Palani]] and [[Nilgiri mountains|Nilgiri]]).

==Inscriptions==
[[Ashoka]] mentions the Athiyaman clan in his inscriptions along with the Cholas, Pandyas and the Kerala putras (Cheras). The Athiyamans wielded sufficient power in the time of Asoka (3rd century BCE) almost on par with the [[Chera dynasty|Cheras]], [[Chola dynasty|Cholas]] and [[Pandyas]].
{{Cquote|"Ye Ca anta ata Choda, Pandiya, Satiyaputo, Ketalaputo, Tam bapanni, Antiyogo naama, Yonalaja"
}}
{{Cquote|Everywhere in the conquered dominions of king Priyadarsin, the beloved of the gods, and the dominions on the borders as those of the Chola, the Pandya, the Satiyaputra, the Cheralaputra, Tamraparni, the Yavana King named Antiyoka and the other neighbouring kings of this Antiyoka...}}

In several excavated [[Tamil-Brahmi]] inscriptions dated to 1st century CE<ref>{{Cite web|title=History {{!}} Tiruvannamalai District, Govt. of Tamil Nadu {{!}} India|url=https://tiruvannamalai.nic.in/history/|access-date=2020-06-18|language=en-US}}</ref> found at [[Jambai]], [[Tirukkoyilur]] of [[Viluppuram district]], [[South Arcot]] in [[Tamil Nadu]] mention is made again of the dynasty:<ref>[http://tamilartsacademy.com/articles/article25.xml Asoka and the Tamil Country: The Evidence Of Archaeology] - Dr. R. Nagasamy, Tamil Arts Academy</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.whatisindia.com/inscriptions/south_indian_inscriptions/volume_13/introduction_1.html |publisher=Archaeological Survey of India |title=South Indian Inscriptions Volume_13 - Cholas Inscriptions @ whatisindia.com |url-status=live |accessdate=2013-07-01}}</ref>
[[File:Jambai inscription on Adhiyamaan Nedumaan Anji.jpg|thumb|Tamil Inscription at Jambai, Tirukovilur, Tamil Nadu]]
{{Cquote|<center>"''Satyaputō Athiyan Nedumān Añji itta Pali"<ref name="Kongu Nadu, a history up to A.D. 1400, page 152">''Kongu Nadu, a history up to A.D. 1400, page 152''</ref>''</center>
}}

{{Cquote|<center>''The abode given by Athiyan Nedumān Añji, the Satyaputō<ref name="Saptar̥ṣīśvara temple in the lower Kaveri Delta, page 13">''Saptar̥ṣīśvara temple in the lower Kaveri Delta, page 13''</ref>''</center>}}

The inscription mentions the Athiyā Chief [[Athiyamān Nedumān Añci|Neduman Anci]], a heroic historic king celebrated in volumes of the [[Sangam literature]] classics ''[[Purananuru]]'' and ''[[Akananuru]]''. This Athiymān king was a descendant of the Satyaputra dynasty mentioned in Asoka's edicts.<ref>Dr. R. Nagasamy, Asoka and the Tamil Country: The Evidence Of Archaeology</ref> The inscription records the endowment of a cave-shelter by the chieftain Atiyan Netuman Anci who sports the title Satiyaputo. The inscription gives the name of his clan (Atiyan), of his father (Netuman) and of himself (Anci). This clear statement enables researchers with absolute certainty, to identify a chieftain mentioned in the [[Tamil Sangam]] literature with a personage figuring in a [[Tamil-Brahmi]] inscription.<ref>I. Mahadevan, RECENT DISCOVERIES OF JAINA CAVE INSCRIPTIONS IN TAMILNADU</ref>

The Satyaputra-Athiyamān wielded sufficient power in the 3rd century BCE to be considered on par with the [[Chera dynasty|Cheras]], [[Chola dynasty|Cholas]] and [[Pandyas]], a power which continued for the next four centuries.

The Gummireddipura plates make mention of the Satyaputra Adigaman dynasty.

== See also ==
* [[Velir]]
* [[Kingdoms of Ancient India]]

== Notes ==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
* Sastri, K.A. Nilakanta, ''A History of South India'' (1955), OUP, New Delhi
* {{cite web |author=Iravatham Mahadevan |title=RECENT DISCOVERIES OF JAINA CAVE INSCRIPTIONS IN TAMILNADU |url=http://www.jainsamaj.org/literature/recent-171104.htm |publisher="Rishabh Saurabh" Published on the occasion of Seminar on "Jaina Heritage of Karnataka, held at Bangalore ( Organised by Rishabh Dev Foundation , Delhi ) on 4th & 5th April 1994" |accessdate=2007-05-04 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927215608/http://www.jainsamaj.org/literature/recent-171104.htm |archivedate=27 September 2007 |url-status=dead |df=dmy }}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Athiyamaan}}
[[Category:Tamil history]]
[[Category:Kingdoms in the Puranas]]
[[Category:Kadai ezhu vallal]]
[[Category:Tamil empires and kingdoms]]

Athiyamān - Revision history

>Rasnaboy at 17:58, 19 June 2021