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{{about|the city near the India–Pakistan border in Punjab|the video game developer|Atari, Inc.}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Attari
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline = Attari Railway Station.JPG
| imagesize = 300px
| image_caption = [[Attari railway station]], looking towards Pakistan,<br/> with goods custom depot (left)
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flagu|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Punjab, India|Punjab]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of Punjab, India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Amritsar district|Amritsar]]
| pushpin_map = India Punjab#India
| pushpin_mapsize = 300
|coordinates = {{coord|31|36|03|N|74|36|20|E|region:IN-PB|display=inline,title}}
|image_map = Wagah-Attari (OpenStreetMap).png
|mapsize = 300px
|map_caption = [[OpenStreetMap|OSM]] map showing Attari and [[Wagah]], their railway stations, and the [[Wagah border ceremony|Wagah border crossing]]. In the upper corner is shown the position of the villages between the cities of Lahore and Amritsar (click to expand)
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|timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
|utc_offset1 = +5:30
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'''Attari''', also spelled '''Atari''', is a village of [[Amritsar district]] in the [[Punjab (India)|Punjab]] state of [[India]], 3 km from the [[Indo-Pakistani border]] at [[Wagah]]. It is situated 25 km west of the Sikh holy city of [[Amritsar]],<ref>{{cite news |title=New checkpost opened at Attari, to boost sub-continental trade |url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/new-checkpost-opened-at-attari-to-boost-sub-continental-trade-197355 |publisher=NDTV |date=13 April 2012 |access-date=5 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025040330/http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/new-checkpost-opened-at-attari-to-boost-sub-continental-trade-197355 |archive-date=25 October 2012 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all }}</ref> and is the last Indian station on the rail route connecting [[Lahore]], Pakistan with the Indian capital [[Delhi]].<ref>[http://www.nr.indianrail.gov.in/scripts/static/RecentReleasesDisplay_h.aspx?id=1803 Official website of Northern Railways - India]{{dead link|date=October 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Attari village was the native village of Sardar Sham Singh Attariwala, one of the generals in the Army of Maharaja [[Ranjit Singh]].

== History ==
Attari village, in the Majha Region, was founded by two Sidhu Jatt brothers, by the name of Gaur Singh and Kaur Singh around 1740. They were the sons of Chaudhri Kahn Chand Sidhu of village Kaonke in Ludhiana (Malwa). The two brothers immigrated to the Majha Region beyond the Sutlej River. Firstly the found another village, by the name of Kaunke (Amtitsar). Later a famous local ascetic named Mool Dass pointed the brothers towards a large mound ("theh" in Punjabi), and asked them to establish a new village. Gaura got built a attari (three-storey house), on the mound and later on a village developed around the attari.

Then the brothers were known as simply Gaura and Kaura. Later on they heard the gallantry and braveness of the tough and hardriding Majha Sikhs, who were fighting guerrilla warfare against the crumbling Lahore-based Mughal authorities. They went to Amritsar, and at the Akal Bunga (Akal Takhat), both Sidhu brothers took Khande De Pahul, and became Gaur Singh and Kaur Singh (Sikhs). The brothers joined the jatha (band) of Jathedar Baba Gurbakash Singh, a famous brave Sikh Sandhu Jatt warrior of village Roranwala Kalan some 1 mile from Attari village.{{Citation needed|date=March 2021}}

The Sikhs would attack and plunder Mughal treasures and seize goods such as weapons and horses. The Sidhu Attari family joined the Bhangi Misl (Sikh Confederacy) in their captures of Lahore and other places and took part in the establishment of Sikh Misl rule in central Panjab. From 1750s to 1803 the family remained loyal to the Sikh Bhangi Misl.{{Citation needed|date=March 2021}}

From 1802 to 1803, Sardar Nihal Singh (died 1818) of Attari family would loot and plunder the treasures of Maharaja Ranjit Singh of Lahore, In retaliation of the Maharaja, invading and putting an end to the once-dominant Bhangi Sikh Misl in the Majha Region. Sardar Sham Singh Attari (1785–1846), from this family was the great fallen hero of the Battle of Sabhraon February 10, 1846, of First Anglo Sikh Wars. Second Sikh rebellion of 1848–49, was also led by Attari family members, namely Sardar Chattar Singh Sidhu and his young son, Sardar Sher Singh Sidhu Attariwala, which resulted in British victory over the Sikhs.{{Citation needed|date=March 2021}}

When the British abolished old Pargana system in 1849, they created modern districts and Attari village was in 1849–1855 added to Lahore District. But in 1855 it was added to Amritsar District and remains so to this present day.

In 1862, the British Government joined Lahore and Amritsar by railway line. Modernisation of Punjab had started in 1850s with the building of large and small canals (Nehar in Punjabi). This railway line would pass through the north of Attari village. The railway line was completed in 1865.

Attari Sikh Sardars were well known for their bravery and gallantry. The British said in 1865 that the Sikh Sardars of Attari are the best blood of the Manjha (Majha).{{Citation needed|date=March 2021}}

Over the years, trade regulation between the India and Pakistan have been eased, especially after 2007,<ref>{{cite news |title=Tomato-laden truck covers new ground for India–Pakistan trade |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_tomato-laden-truck-covers-new-ground-for-india-pakistan-trade_1124657 |publisher=DNA |date=1 Oct 2007 |access-date=5 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130124174658/http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_tomato-laden-truck-covers-new-ground-for-india-pakistan-trade_1124657 |archive-date=24 January 2013 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all }}</ref> annual trade through road increased from Rs 6.5 billion in 2007 to Rs 15 billion in 2010–11. After the Integrated Check Post (ICP) was opened at Attari on 13 April 2012 to improve road trade, around 500 trucks have been crossing the border every day.<ref>{{cite news|title=After Attari land route to Pakistan, Punjab keen on Hussainiwala |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/Punjab/Chandigarh/After-Attari-land-route-to-Pakistan-Punjab-keen-on-Hussainiwala/SP-Article1-839601.aspx |work=Hindustan Times |date=12 April 2012 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130124014936/http://www.hindustantimes.com/Punjab/Chandigarh/After-Attari-land-route-to-Pakistan-Punjab-keen-on-Hussainiwala/SP-Article1-839601.aspx |archivedate=2013-01-24 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Traders eye more cross-border trade via Attari |url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/277903/traders-eye-more-cross-border.html |publisher=Deccan Herald |date=10 Sep 2012 |access-date=5 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304212450/http://www.deccanherald.com/content/277903/traders-eye-more-cross-border.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

It is the starting point of the [[National Highway 1 (India, old numbering)|National Highway 1]], part of the historic [[Grand Trunk Road]] and is also part of [[AH1]], the longest route of the [[Asian Highway Network]]. The [[Samjhauta Express]], the train service that actually crosses the international border, the only train that runs from [[Attari railway station]] to [[Wagah]], Pakistan a distance of 3 km.<ref>[http://www.expressindia.com/news/ie/daily/20000416/ina16011.html Samjhauta only between Attari and Wagah] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080521035702/http://www.expressindia.com/news/ie/daily/20000416/ina16011.html |date=21 May 2008 }}</ref>

Administratively Attari is one of the five sub-[[Tehsil]] and a [[Block (country subdivision)|block]] in [[Amritsar district]].<ref>[http://amritsar.nic.in/html/administrative_divisions.htm#Assembly Administrative Divisions] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120414080558/http://amritsar.nic.in/html/administrative_divisions.htm#Assembly |date=14 April 2012 }} [[Amritsar district]] website.</ref> It is one of the nine [[Vidhan Sabha]] (legislative assembly) segments within [[Amritsar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Amritsar]] [[Lok Sabha]] constituency.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ceopunjab.nic.in/English/ElectoralRolls/ACPCROERO/PCACLIST.html|title=List of Parliamentary & Assembly Constituencies|publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Punjab website|access-date=12 April 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090619061840/http://ceopunjab.nic.in/English/ElectoralRolls/ACPCROERO/PCACLIST.html|archive-date=19 June 2009|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

==Politics==
The city is part of the [[Attari Assembly Constituency]].
==Tourism==
* [[Wagah border ceremony|Wagah - Attari border ceremony]]

==Transport==
===Trans-Asian Railway===
{{see also|Attari railway station}}
Currently, all freight traffic originating from Asia destined for Europe goes by sea. The [[Trans-Asian Railway]] will enable containers from [[Singapore]], China, [[Vietnam]], [[Cambodia]], India, [[Bangladesh]], [[Myanmar]], [[Thailand]] and [[Korea]] to travel over land by train to Europe. The Southern Corridor of the Trans-Asian Railway is of prime interest to India. It connects [[Yunnan]] in China and [[Thailand]] with Europe via Turkey and passes through India.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://streamlinesupplychain.wordpress.com/2007/12/27/trans-asian-railways-tar/| title = Trans-Asian Railway| publisher = Streamline Supply Chain| accessdate = 2011-12-22| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120219044934/http://streamlinesupplychain.wordpress.com/2007/12/27/trans-asian-railways-tar/| archive-date = 19 February 2012| url-status = live| df = dmy-all}}</ref>

The proposed route will enter India through [[Tamu, Myanmar|Tamu]] and [[Moreh, India|Moreh]] in [[Manipur]] bordering Myanmar, then enter Bangladesh through [[Mahisasan]] and Shabajpur and again enter India from Bangladesh at [[Gede, Nadia|Gede]], [[West Bengal]]. On the western side, the line will enter Pakistan at Attari. There is a {{convert|315| km}} missing link on this route in the India-Myanmar sector; of this, {{convert|180|km}}, in India, is between [[Jiribam]] in Manipur and Tamu in Myanmar. The rail link between Jiribam and [[Imphal]] has been sanctioned by [[Indian Railways]], but that is unlikely to be completed before 2016. At present construction work is in progress in a {{convert|97|km}} stretch between Jiribam and Tupul.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.lawrkhawm.com/index.php?page=475 | title = Agreement on Trans-Asian railway passing through Manipur signed | publisher = Larkhawm | accessdate = 2011-12-22 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120426065804/http://www.lawrkhawm.com/index.php?page=475 | archive-date = 26 April 2012 | url-status = dead | df = dmy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://hindu.com/2007/07/01/stories/2007070150650900.htm | title = India signs accord on trans-Asian railway network |date=1 July 2007| accessdate = 2011-12-22 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120515092218/http://hindu.com/2007/07/01/stories/2007070150650900.htm | archive-date = 15 May 2012 | url-status = dead | work = [[The Hindu]] | df = dmy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.thefinancialexpress-bd.com/more.php?news_id=129648&date=2011-03-18 | title = B'desh segment of TAR route preparation shows progress | work = Financial Express|date=18 March 2011 | accessdate = 2011-12-22 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140219111626/http://www.thefinancialexpress-bd.com/more.php?news_id=129648&date=2011-03-18 | archive-date = 19 February 2014 | url-status = dead | df = dmy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.telegraphindia.com/1110226/jsp/frontpage/story_13637652.jsp | title = Manipur gets rail gift for Trinamul bypoll win – Tall promises of connecting all capitals of region leaves Northeast industry captains unimpressed | work = The Telegraph|date=26 February 2011 | accessdate = 2011-12-22 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120515084453/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1110226/jsp/frontpage/story_13637652.jsp | archive-date = 15 May 2012 | url-status = live | df = dmy-all }}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Transport between India and Pakistan]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Attari}}
* [http://www.thehindu.com/business/article3314985.ece Attari border will become a trade hub]

{{Amritsar district}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Amritsar district]]
[[Category:India–Pakistan border crossings]]

Attari - Revision history

UpdateBot at 18:27, 29 May 2022